March 14
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March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year.
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[edit] Events
- 1489 - The Queen of Cyprus, Catherine Cornaro, sells her kingdom to Venice.
- 1492 - Queen Isabella of Castille orders her 150,000 Jewish subjects to convert to Christianity or face expulsion.
- 1590 - Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne during the French Wars of Religion.
- 1647 - Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.
- 1757 - On-board the HMS Monarch, Admiral John Byng is executed by firing squad for neglecting his duty.
- 1794 - Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.
- 1800 - Cardinal Barnaba Chiaramonti is elected Pope Pius VII.
- 1869 - Defeat of Titokowaru.
- 1900 - The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing United States currency on the gold standard.
- 1903 - The Hay-Herran Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate would later reject the treaty.
- 1903 - Theodore Roosevelt issues an executive order making Pelican Island, in Florida, a “preserve and breeding ground for native birds,” marking the birth of the National Wildlife Refuge System.
- 1905 - Chelsea F.C founded at The Rising Sun pub (now The Butcher's Hook) opposite Stamford Bridge.
- 1910 - Lakeview Gusher, the largest U.S. oil well gusher near Bakersfield, California, vented to atmosphere.
- 1915 - World War I: Cornered off the coast of Chile by the Royal Navy after fleeing the disastrous Battle of the Falkland Islands, the German light cruiser SMS Dresden is abandoned and scuttled by her crew.
- 1939 - German troops fully occupy the Czechoslovak provinces of Bohemia and Moravia.
- 1943 - World War II - The Kraków Ghetto is 'liquidated'.
- 1950 - FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives was formed.
- 1951 - Korean War: For the second time, United Nations troops recapture Seoul.
- 1959 - J.R.D.A.C.I. founded at a congress in Treichville, Côte d'Ivoire.
- 1964 - A jury in Dallas, Texas finds Jack Ruby guilty of killing John F. Kennedy assassin Lee Harvey Oswald.
- 1967 - The body of President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.
- 1978 - The Israeli Defense Force, invades and occupies southern Lebanon, in Operation Litani
- 1979 - In China, a Hawker-Siddeley Trident crashes into a factory near Beijing, killing at least 200.
- 1980 - In Poland, a plane crashes during an emergency landing near Warsaw, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.
- 1984 - Gerry Adams, head of Sinn Féin, is seriously wounded in an assassination attempt in central Belfast.
- 1989 - Gun control: President George H. W. Bush bans the importation of certain guns deemed assault weapons into the United States.
- 1991 - After 16 years in prison for allegedly bombing a pub in an Irish Republican Army attack, the "Birmingham Six" are freed when a court determines that the police fabricated evidence.
- 1994 - Timeline of Linux development: Linux kernel version 1.0.0 is released.
- 1995 - Manned space mission: Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on-board a Russian launch vehicle.
- 1997 - The Chinese city of Chongqing (formerly Chunking) is upgraded to a centrally administered municipality
- 1998 - An earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale hits southeastern Iran.
- 2002 - 125 vehicles are involved in a massive pile up on Interstate 75 in Ringgold, Georgia.
- 2004 - Pope John Paul II becomes the second-longest serving pope in history.
- 2004 - Vladimir Putin is re-elected president of Russia, while the PSOE wins elections in Spain just days after terrorist attacks in Madrid.
- 2005 - The online statistics service SOTKAnet is opened for the public in Finland.
- 2005 - Mass Protest against Syrian influence in Lebanon takes place in Beirut as part of the Cedar Revolution.
[edit] Births
- 1638 - Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)
- 1681 - Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer (d. 1767)
- 1804 - Johann Strauß, Sr., Austrian composer (d. 1849)
- 1813 - Joseph Philo Bradley, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1892)
- 1823 - Théodore de Banville, French writer (d. 1891)
- 1835 - Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer (d. 1910)
- 1844 - King Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)
- 1853 - Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)
- 1854 - Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1915)
- 1862 - Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist (d. 1961)
- 1864 - Casey Jones, railroad engineer (d. 1900)
- 1869 - Algernon Blackwood, British writer (d. 1951)
- 1879 - Albert Einstein, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)
- 1880 - Princess Thyra, daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark (d. 1945)
- 1882 - Waclaw Sierpinski, Polish mathematician (d. 1969)
- 1885 - Raoul Lufbery, American World War I pilot (d. 1918)
- 1886 - Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (d. 1964)
- 1887 - Sylvia Beach, American publisher (d. 1962)
- 1898 - Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (d. 1985)
- 1903 - Mustafa Barzani, Kurdish politician (d. 1979)
- 1903 - Adolph Gottlieb American painter (d. 1974)
- 1904 - Doris Eaton Travis, American actress Ziegfeld girl
- 1912 - Les Brown, American band leader (d. 2001)
- 1914 - Lee Elhardt Hays, American folksinger (d. 1981)
- 1914 - Bill Owen, British actor (d. 1999)
- 1914 - Lee Petty, American race car driver (d. 2000)
- 1915 - Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
- 1916 - Horton Foote, American writer
- 1920 - Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d. 2001)
- 1922 - Les Baxter, American musician and composer (d. 1996)
- 1923 - Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
- 1925 - Francis A. Marzen, American Catholic prelate
- 1925 - William Clay Ford, Sr., Detroit Lions Owner
- 1928 - Frank Borman, American astronaut
- 1933 - Michael Caine, British actor
- 1933 - Quincy Jones, American musician and composer
- 1933 - René Felber, former member of the Swiss Federal Council
- 1934 - Eugene Cernan, American astronaut
- 1934 - Paul Rader, the 15th General of The Salvation Army
- 1938 - Angus Maclise, American mystic (d. 1979)
- 1941 - Wolfgang Petersen, German director
- 1945 - Jasper Carrott, British comedian
- 1946 - Steve Kanaly, American actor
- 1947 - Billy Crystal, American actor and comedian
- 1947 - Pam Ayres, British poet
- 1950 - Rick Dees, American disc jockey
- 1951 - Jerry Greenfield, founder of Ben & Jerry's ice cream
- 1956 - Jonathan Bowen, British computer scientist
- 1957 - Andrew Robinson, British author
- 1958 - Albert II, Prince of Monaco
- 1960 - Kirby Puckett, baseball player (d. 2006)
- 1961 - Penny Johnson Jerald, American actress
- 1963 - Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer
- 1965 - Aamir Khan, Indian actor
- 1965 - Catherine Dent, American actress
- 1965 - Kevin Brown, baseball player
- 1965 - Kiana Tom, fitness guru/model
- 1965 - Kevin Williamson, American screenwriter
- 1969 - Larry Johnson, former NBA player
- 1975 - Johan Paulik (aka Daniel Ferenčík), Slovak pornographic actor
- 1976 - Merlin Santana, American actor (d. 2002)
- 1978 - Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
- 1978 - Matt Kata, Professional baseball player
- 1979 - Chris Klein, American actor
- 1979 - Nicolas Anelka, French footballer
- 1979 - Love, Angolan footballer
- 1980 - Aaron Brown, English footballer
- 1980 - Ben Herring, New Zealand rugby player
- 1981 - Mei-Ting Sun, Chinese-born pianist
- 1981 - Bobby Jenks, baseball player
- 1983 - Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakh boxer
- 1983 - Taylor Hanson, American musician (Hanson)
- 1985 - Eva Angelina, Porn actress
- 1986 - Jamie Bell, British actor
- 1986 - Elton Chigumbura, Zimbabwean cricketer
- 1994 - Frankie Ryan Manriquez, American actor
[edit] Deaths
- 752 - Pope Zachary
- 1457 - Jingtai Emperor of China (b. 1428)
- 1471 - Sir Thomas Malory, English author (c. 1705)
- 1647 - Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)
- 1648 - Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general (b. 1584)
- 1680 - René Le Bossu, French critic (b. 1631)
- 1682 - Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruysdael, Dutch painter (c. 1628)
- 1696 - Jean Domat, French jurist (b. 1625)
- 1698 - Claes Rålamb, Swedish statesman (b. 1622)
- 1748 - George Wade, British military leader (b. 1673)
- 1757 - John Byng, British admiral (executed) (b. 1704)
- 1791 - Johann Salomo Semler, German historian and Bible commentator (b. 1725)
- 1803 - Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German writer (b. 1724)
- 1805 - Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki, Russian general (b. 1753)
- 1811 - Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1735)
- 1823 - Charles François Dumouriez, French general (b. 1739)
- 1883 - Karl Marx, German political theorist (b. 1818)
- 1884 - Quintino Sella, Italian statesman (b. 1827)
- 1932 - George Eastman, American inventor (b. 1854)
- 1946 - Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (b. 1878)
- 1949 - John Callan O'Laughlin, American political and military figure and journalist (b. 1873)
- 1973 - Rafael Godoy, Colombian composer (b. 1907)
- 1973 - Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)
- 1975 - Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)
- 1976 - Busby Berkeley, American choreographer and director (b. 1895)
- 1977 - Fannie Lou Hamer, American civil rights activist (b. 1917)
- 1980 - Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician (b. 1902)
- 1986 - Elio de Angelis, Italian race car driver (b. 1958)
- 1989 - Edward Abbey, American author (b. 1927)
- 1991 - Howard Ashman, American lyricist (b. 1950)
- 1991 - Doc Pomus, American composer (b. 1925)
- 1991 - Margery Sharp, children's author (b. 1905)
- 1995 - William Alfred Fowler, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
- 1997 - Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-born director (b. 1907)
- 2002 - Cherry Wilder, New Zealand-born author (b. 1930)
- 2003 - Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (b. 1945)
- 2003 - Jean-Luc Lagardère, French publisher (b. 1928)
- 2006 - Lennart Meri, former president of Estonia (b. 1929)
[edit] Holidays and observances
- Albania - Summer Day: Albanian holiday Summer is celebrated in this day in Elbasan and its surroundings.
- Japan and Korea - White Day: Japanese holiday similar to Valentine's Day (men give gifts to women).
- Pi Day - unofficial mathematics holiday.
- Roman Empire - Equirria, horse races in honor of Mars were held.
[edit] Liturgical feasts
[edit] External links
March 13 - March 15 - February 14 - April 14 -- listing of all days
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