Acrostic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For another meaning, see Acrostic (puzzle).
An acrostic (from the late Greek akróstichon, from ákros, "extreme", and stíchos, "verse") is a poem or other text written in an alphabetic script, in which the first letter, syllable or word of each verse, paragraph or other recurring feature in the text spells out another message.
The word acrostic was first applied to the prophecies of the Erythraean Sibyl, which were written on leaves and arranged so that the initial letters of the leaves always formed a word. This technique was later used to ingenious effect by Vladimir Nabokov in his story The Vane Sisters.
Acrostics may simply spell out the letters of the alphabet in order; these acrostics occur in the Lamentations of Jeremiah, and in certain of the Psalms of the Hebrew Bible. Two notable acrostic Psalms are the long Psalm 119, which typically is printed in subsections named after the letters of the Hebrew alphabet, each of which is featured in that section; and Psalm 145 (commonly referred to as "Ashrei"), which is recited three times a day in the Jewish services. Or, the acrostic may spell out a name or some other message, such as the acrostic contained in the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili, where the letters of the acrostic are embellished with ornate capital letters. Or, the acrostic may be used as a form of steganography, seeking to conceal the message rather than to proclaim it.
Here is an example in English, an Edgar Allan Poe poem titled simply An Acrostic:
- Elizabeth it is in vain you say
- "Love not" — thou sayest it in so sweet a way:
- In vain those words from thee or L.E.L.
- Zantippe's talents had enforced so well:
- Ah! if that language from thy heart arise,
- Breath it less gently forth — and veil thine eyes.
- Endymion, recollect, when Luna tried
- To cure his love — was cured of all beside —
- His follie — pride — and passion — for he died.
Here is another example where the initial letters spell out the months of the year, entitled A Calendar Acrostic:
- JANet was quite ill one day.
- FEBrile trouble came her way.
- MARtyr-like, she lay in bed;
- APRoned nurses softly sped.
- MAYbe, said the leech judicial
- JUNket would be beneficial.
- JULeps, too, though freely tried,
- AUGured ill, for Janet died.
- SEPulchre was sadly made.
- OCTaves pealed and prayers were said.
- NOVices with ma'y a tear
- DECorated Janet's bier.
[edit] See also
- Acronym and initialism
- Word square - a specific kind of acrostic
- Mesostic
- Gordon Macdonald, 1st Baron Macdonald of Gwaenysgor
[edit] External links
- An unflattering gravestone acrostic poem in a Montreal cemetery
- http://www.acrosticdoublespeak.combg:Акростих
ca:Acròstic cs:Akrostich de:Akrostichon es:Acróstico eo:Akrostiko fr:Acrostiche gd:Cros-dhàn gl:Acróstico ia:Acrostico it:Acrostico he:אקרוסטיכון nl:Acrostichon ja:折句 pl:Akrostych pt:Acróstico ru:Акростих
