Ahkam
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As an Islamic term, the word Ahkam (Arabic: أحكام plural of Arabic: حكم) refers to the Islamic commandments which are derived and understood from religious jurisprudence resources (Arabic: المنابع الفقه).
The acts of a Muslim must be done according to Islamic commandments. These commandments are categorized logically in five groups which form a pentad and are called as commandments pentad or (Arabic: الاحكام الخمسة). They show how doing or undoing an action can be categorized as being obligatory or recommended in Islamic law. According to Islamic terminology they are as follow:
- Wajib, Obligatory
- Mustahabb, Recommended
- Mubah, neither obligatory nor recommended (neutral)
- Makruh, Abominable (undoing is recommended)
- Haraam or Muharram, Prohibited (undoing is obligatory)
In the emergency or force major conditions the religious precept may be different from in normal condition. For example the fasting is obligatory in Ramadan but become prohibited for sick people who are certain that being fast will worsen their illness. The Ahkam in the normal condition are called primary commandments and in the emergency conditions are called secondary commandments.
