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Alain Juppé

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Alain Juppé
Image:AlainJuppe.jpg

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In office
18 May 1995 – 3 June 1997
Preceded by Édouard Balladur
Succeeded by Lionel Jospin
Born 15 August 1945
Mont-de-Marsan
Political party RPR

Alain Marie Juppé (born 15 August 1945) is a French conservative politician; among other positions, he was Prime Minister of France from 1995 to 1997. In December 2004 Juppé was convicted of mishandling public funds; since then, his political career was suspended till he was reelected mayor of Bordeaux in October 2006. He is planned to regain his deputy seat in 2007 during the next general election.

Contents

[edit] Early life

Alain Juppé was born in Mont-de-Marsan (Landes).

[edit] Education

[edit] Political career

Image:JupéJospin.jpg

As a senior civil servant, he met Jacques Chirac at the end of the 1970s and became his adviser in the city council of Paris. He was minister of budget and spokesperson of Jacques Chirac's government from 1986 to 1988. Then, he was secretary general of the Rally for the Republic (Rassemblement pour la République or RPR) political party from 1988 to 1995. In 1993, he was made Edouard Balladur's Foreign Minister.

Because he supported Jacques Chirac against Edouard Balladur during the 1995 presidential campaign, he succeeded him as Prime Minister, also becoming president of the RPR. Jacques Chirac claimed Alain Juppé was "the best among us".

However, in November/December 1995, his plan for Welfare State reform caused the biggest social conflict since May 68 and, under duress, abandoned it. He became the most unpopular Prime minister of the Fifth Republic (challenged only by Edith Cresson). In spring 1997, President Chirac dissolved the National Assembly but lost the legislative election. Alain Juppé was succeeded by the Socialist Lionel Jospin. Furthermore, Juppé left the leadership of the RPR.

He militarised in order to unify the rightwing parties behind Jacques Chirac. In this, he was considered like the architect of the Union for the Presidential Majority became the Union for a Popular Movement (Union pour un mouvement populaire or UMP) and was his first president from 2002 and 2004.

As a member of the National Assembly (as representative of Paris from 1986 to 1997, then representative of Gironde), he was elected Mayor of Bordeaux in 1995, succeeding former Prime Minister Jacques Chaban-Delmas.

[edit] Criminal conviction

In 2004, Alain Juppé was tried for the felony of abuse of public funds, when he was head of the RPR and the RPR illegally used personnel provided by the City of Paris for running its operations. He was convicted and sentenced to a 18-month suspended jail sentence, the deprivation of civic rights for five years, and the deprivation of the right to run for political office for 10 years. He appealed against the decision, whereby his disqualification from holding elected office was reduced to one year and the suspended sentence cut to 14 months. He announced he would not appeal the ruling before the Court of Cassation. (See Corruption scandals in the Paris region) As a consequence, Alain Juppé has resigned his mayorship of Bordeaux and his position of head of the Bordeaux urban community.

The court commented:

It is regrettable that at the time when the legislative body became aware of the need to end criminal practices which existed for the financing of political parties, Mr Juppé did not apply to his own party the very rules that he had voted for in Parliament.
It is equally regrettable that Mr Juppé, whose intellectual qualities are unanimously recognized, did not judge appropriate to assume before Justice his entire criminal responsibility and kept on denying established facts.
However, Mr Juppé has given himself for many years to the service of the State, while he did obtain no personal enrichment from these crimes he committed for the benefit of his political party, for which he should not be a scapegoat.[1]

Some commentators, such as Jean-Marc Ayrault, head of the National Assembly group of the Socialist Party, have argued that Juppé, in this judicial group, paid for a wider responsibility than his own.[2]

The long-term consequences of this sentence on Alain Juppé's career are yet unknown. Some law professors argued that the Versailles court could not legally exempt Juppé from a disposition of the Electoral Code (article L7) which bars any person sentenced for illegal taking of interests from being on an electoral roll for a period of 5 years, also preventing that person from running for office. Another disposition of the Electoral Code (article LO130) specifies that any person deprived of the right to be on an electoral roll for a certain period following a judicial sentence is deprived of the right of running for the French National Assembly for double that period, which would bar Juppé for 10 years. When Alain Juppé registered again as a voter, other voters sued to have his registration cancelled; however, the Bordeaux court of small claims ruled against them. [3] Some of the plaintiffs declared they would appeal the decision before the Court of Cassation. Another possible issue is that should Alain Juppé be elected to national office, the Constitutional Council could cancel the election on grounds that Juppé was illegally registered as a voter. President Jacques Chirac could possibly use his right of pardon in favor of Juppé, but this would probably be politically disastrous. (Le Canard Enchaîné, December 22, 2004).

Image:Juppé.jpg

Alain Juppé has considered giving classes on public administration at a variety of prominent US and Quebec universities and colleges, including the UQÀM in Montreal, some of which were initially receptive to having a former prime minister be a member of their faculty. However, following Juppé's conviction, his appointment was contested by some teachers. (Le Canard Enchaîné, February 16, 2005). Juppé was finally taken in by the École nationale d'administration publique in Montreal where he served as a full-time faculty member for the academic year 2005-2006.

[edit] Juppé's First Ministry, 18 May - 7 November 1995

Changes

[edit] Juppé's Second Ministry, 7 November 1995 - 4 June 1997

Preceded by:
Roland Dumas 		Minister of Foreign Affairs
1993–1995 		Succeeded by:
Hervé de Charette
Preceded by:
Jacques Chirac 		President of Rally for the Republic
1994–1997 		Succeeded by:
Philippe Séguin
Preceded by:
Édouard Balladur 		Prime Minister of France
1995–1997 		Succeeded by:
Lionel Jospin
Preceded by:
— 		President of Union for a Popular Movement
2002–2004 		Succeeded by:
Nicolas Sarkozy


Prime Ministers of the French Fifth Republic

<td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1px" rowspan="2"> Image:Flag of France.svg </td>

Michel Debré  • Georges Pompidou • Maurice Couve de Murville • Jacques Chaban-Delmas • Pierre Messmer • Jacques Chirac  • Raymond Barre • Pierre Mauroy  • Laurent Fabius • Jacques Chirac • Michel Rocard • Édith Cresson • Pierre Bérégovoy  • Édouard Balladur • Alain Juppé • Lionel Jospin • Jean-Pierre Raffarin • Dominique de Villepin

[edit] External links

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