Apeldoorn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This article is about the city. For the insurance company, see Apeldoorn (insurance).
| Apeldoorn | |
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| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | Gelderland </tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td>Coordinates</td> <td></td> |
| Area | 341.13 km² |
| - Land | 339.96 km² |
| - Water | 1.17 km² |
| Population (2006) | 156.062 |
| - Density | 459/km² |
Apeldoorn (pronunciation (help·info)) is a municipality and a town in the province of Gelderland, about 60 miles east of Amsterdam, in central Netherlands. It is a regional centre. The western half of the municipality lies on the Veluwe ridge, the eastern half lies in the IJssel valley; the neighbourhood is very picturesque and well wooded.
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[edit] Population centres
Apeldoorn, Assel, Beekbergen, Beemte-Broekland, Engeland, Groenendaal, Hoenderloo, Hoog Soeren, Hooilanden, Klarenbeek, Lieren, Loenen, Nieuw-Milligen, Oosterhuizen, Radio Kootwijk, Uddel, Ugchelen, Wenum-Wiesel, Woudhuizen and Zilven.
[edit] The town of Apeldoorn
The oldest known reference to Apeldoorn, then called Appoldro, dates from the 8th century. The settlement came into being at the point where the old road from Amersfoort to Deventer crossed that from Arnhem to Zwolle. A 1740 map refers to it as Appeldoorn<ref name="stenvert-2000">Stenvert, R. et al. (2000). Monumenten in Nederland: Gelderland, p. 14 and 68–77. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers. ISBN 90-400-9406-3</ref>.
Close by is the favourite country-seat of the royal family of the Netherlands called the palace het Nieuwe Loo (now Het Loo). It was originally a hunting-lodge of the dukes of Gelderland, but in its present form dates chiefly from the time of the then Stadtholder William III of England (1685-1686)<ref name="stenvert-2000" />.
Apeldoorn was a relatively insignificant town until the major building projects of the 19th century and those of the period following World War II <ref name="stenvert-2000" />. The Protestant church was restored after a fire in 1890. Apeldoorn possesses large paper-mills.
Apenheul is a zoo which hosts a number of different types of apes and monkeys, some of which are free to walk around the visitors.
[edit] Air Operations Control Station Nieuw Milligen
Near Garderen (mun. Barneveld) is the Air Operations Control Station Nieuw Milligen (AOCS NM) of the Royal Netherlands Air Force.
It consists of:
- 710th Sqn. Air Combat Control Squadron
- 711th Sqn. Air Security Control Squadron
- 970th Sqn. Support Squadron
It is the traffic control centre for all military air traffic in the Netherlands, as well as the centre for Air Battle Management, Air Surveillance, Fighter and SAM Control, and Alerting.
For example, in the event that an aircraft is suspected to be controlled by terrorists and to be used for flying into a target, F-16 fighter aircraft armed with four AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missiles will be directed to it, and, if necessary, force it to land. If it does not comply it may, after authorization by the Justice Minister, who makes sure that he can be reached 24 hours a day, be shot down to prevent worse.
[edit] Miscellaneous information
The southwestern corner of the municipality is part of the Hoge Veluwe, a National Park. It is the final Battle Honour of The Royal Canadian Regiment in World War II.
The City of Burlington, Canada is a partner city of Apeldoorn.
[edit] Palace Het Loo
Paleis Het Loo reflects the historical ties between the House of Orange-Nassau and the Netherlands. The central part of the palace and the lateral pavilions show how the palace was inhabited by the House of Orange for three centuries starting with the King Stadtholder William III up to and including Queen Wilhelmina.
In November 1684 Prince William III of Orange, then Stadtholder of Gelderland, purchased Het Loo with the intentions of building a palatial hunting lodge somewhere on the property. On April 5, 1685 the first contract was tendered and in September of the same year the stonework of the middle section (or corps de logis) of what came to be known as Het Loo was completed. In 1686, the year given on the facade of the building, the wings, originally linked by colonnades to the corps de logis were added, the walls were built and the gardens were laid out.
Het Loo became the favorite hunting seat and country palace of William III and his wife Princess Mary II, and until his death in 1702 furnishings and decorations both inside and outside underwent repeated alterations and embellishments. At that time symmetry was considered ideal and the design for the building and grounds featured a central axis with mirror image components on either side. Inside the palace the axis consisted of the Entrance Hall, the Staircase and the Great Hall on the first floor. West and east of the Great Hall respectively were the apartments of William III and Mary II. The apartments of the courtiers and the Dining Room were on the ground floor.
In 1689 William III became King of England and this elevation of his position and power brought an enlargement of Het Loo in its wake. Between 1691 and 1694 the colonnades which linked the corps de logis to the wings on either side were replaced by four pavilions. These pavilions contained the new apartments of William III and Mary II, a new Dining Room, a Long Gallery and a Chapel. Queen Mary did not return to Holland after 1689 and never saw the enlargement.
On the death of King William III in 1702 there was disagreement about his inheritance, but eventually, in 1732, Het Loo descended to Willem IV (1711-1751) who was, from 1747, Stadtholder of all the provinces. Both Willem IV and his son Willem V (1748-1806) used the palace in the 18th century as a summer residence.
[edit] References
<references />
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
[edit] External links
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| Netherlands | Provinces | Municipalities| map | |
fr:Apeldoorn id:Apeldoorn (gemeente) it:Apeldoorn li:Apeldoorn nl:Apeldoorn (gemeente) nds-nl:Apeldoorne (gemeente) ja:アペルドールン no:Apeldoorn pl:Apeldoorn ro:Apeldoorn fi:Apeldoorn sv:Apeldoorn
