Asheville, North Carolina
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- Not to be confused with Ashville.
| Asheville, North Carolina | |
 | |
 | |
| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| State | North Carolina |
| County | Buncombe County |
| Incorporated | 1797 |
| Mayor | Terry Bellamy |
| Area | |
| - City | 107.0 km² (41.3 sq mi) |
| - Land | 106.0 km² (40.9 sq mi) |
| - Water | 1.0 km² (0.4 sq mi) 0.94% |
| Elevation | 650 m (2134 ft) |
| Population | |
| - City (2004) | 70,400 |
| - Density | 657.94/km² (1,704.6/sq mi) |
| US Census Bureau estimate <ref>http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&_name=asheville%2C+nc&_state=&_county=asheville%2C+nc&_cityTown=asheville%2C+nc&_zip=&_sse=on&_lang=en&pctxt=fph</ref> | |
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| Website: City of Asheville | |
Asheville is a city in Buncombe County, North Carolina, and is its county seat. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 68,889. It is the largest city in western North Carolina, and it continues to grow. As of 2004, the Census Bureau estimates that Asheville's population is 70,400 <ref>http://www.city-data.com/city/Asheville-North-Carolina.html</ref>.
Attractive to hip and creative young people as well as to hip and creative retirees, Asheville has been listed in both Rolling Stone and Modern Maturity as an ideal place to live or visit. The open and accepting character of the city is evidenced by the diversity of lifestyles and beliefs that coexist peacefully there. Asheville has been named the "most vegetarian-friendly" small city in America <ref>America's Best Vegetarian-Friendly Small Cities (html). GoVeg.com. PETA (undated). Retrieved on 2006-10-04.</ref>. The art scene is especially active, and Asheville has become a mecca for potters, painters and musicians; with much of the current creativity inspired by the folk art and old ballads of the early Scottish, English and Scots-Irish settlers who founded the city.
Asheville is home to University of North Carolina at Asheville, a liberal arts college of about 3500 students (part of the University of North Carolina System), and Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College.
Contents |
[edit] History
Before the arrival of Europeans, the land where Asheville now exists lay within the boundaries of Cherokee country.<ref> Original extent of Cherokee claims 1732 (map/.GIF). Collection at the University of Georgia (1996-06-26). Retrieved on 2006-07-23. </ref> In 1540, Spanish explorer Hernando DeSoto came to the area, bringing the first European visitors,<ref>The Historic News (1999). A History of Asheville and Buncombe County (text/.html). Old Buncombe County Genealogical Society. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.
</ref> in addition to European diseases which seriously depleted the native population.<ref>Cherokee History, Part One (text/.html). Lee Sultzman (1996-02-28). Retrieved on 2006-07-23.</ref> As the Cherokee were eventually dominated by European settlers, the area was used as an open hunting ground until the middle of the 19th century.<ref>Asheville - 0-1800 The Early Settlers (text/.html). Asheville.be (2006). Retrieved on 2006-07-23.</ref>
The history of Asheville, as a town, begins in 1784 In that year Colonel Samuel Davidson and his family settled in the Swannanoa Valley, redeeming a soldier's land grant from the state of North Carolina. Though the town was not officially designated "Asheville" until 1797. Soon after building a log cabin at the bank of Christian Creek, Davidson was lured into the woods by a band of Cherokee hunters and killed. Davidson's wife, child and female slave fled on foot to Davidson's Fort (named after Davidson's father General John Davidson) 16 miles away.
In response to the killing, Davidson's twin brother Major William Davidson and brother-in-law Colonel Daniel Smith formed an expedition to retrieve Samuel Davidson's body and avenge his murder. Months after the expedition, Major Davidson and other members of his extended family returned to the area and settled at the mouth of Bee Tree Creek.
Over the course of years, more settlers came to the area. The United States Census of 1790 counted 1,000 residents of the area, excluding the Cherokee. The county of Buncombe was officially formed in 1792. The county seat, named “Morristown” in 1793, was established on a plateau where two old Indian trails crossed. In 1797 Morristown was incorporated and renamed “Asheville” after North Carolina Governor Samuel Ashe.<ref>Caton, Alex S.; Rebecca Lamb (1999-2004). The Early Settlement of Buncombe Country and the Drover's Road (text/.html). Smith-McDowell House Museum. Retrieved on 2006-07-23.</ref><ref> Western North Carolina Heritage: Asheville (text/.htm). Land of the Sky (2001-2002). Retrieved on 2006-07-23.</ref>
While Asheville prospered in the 1910's and 1920's, the Great Depression hit Asheville quite hard. Most of Asheville's banks closed. The 'per capita' debt held by the city (through municipal bonds) was the highest of any city in the nation. Rather than default, the city paid those debts over a period of 50 years. From the start of the Depression through the 1980's, economic growth in Asheville was slow. During this time of financial stagnation, most of the buildings in the downtown district remained unaltered. This resulted in one of the most impressive, comprehensive collections of Art Deco Architecture in the United States.
Asheville has adopted at least two nicknames over its history:
- The Land of the Sky, based on a book of the same name written by Frances Fisher Tieran (nom de plume Christian Reid).
- The Paris of the South (also used by New Orleans, Louisiana and Charleston, South Carolina).
[edit] General information
The city is known for the lavish Biltmore Estate, which attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists each year. Other notable architecture in Asheville includes its art deco city hall and other unique buildings in the downtown area. The Montford neighborhood and other central areas are considered historic districts and include Victorian houses. Asheville and the surrounding mountains are also extremely popular in the autumn when fall foliage peaks in October. The scenic Blue Ridge Parkway runs through the Asheville area and the grounds of Biltmore Estate. Biltmore Village is a section of the city adjacent to the estate, where workers stayed during its construction. It is currently home to small trendy shops. In the year 1900, author Thomas Wolfe was born in Asheville. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald lived and worked in Asheville during some of his literary career. His wife, Zelda, died in a fire in an Asheville sanitarium in 1948. In 1933, actress Eileen Fulton was born in Asheville. In 1939, singer Roberta Flack was born in the city.<ref>"Smooth Soulful Songstress: Roberta Flack"; International Musician; February, 2003; http://www.romanticasheville.com/livemusic.htm</ref>
In 2005 alleged bomber Eric Robert Rudolph was transported to Asheville from Murphy, North Carolina for arraignment in federal court. In September 2004, major flooding was reported in town, particularly at Biltmore Village, due to rains from the remnants of Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Ivan.
The Asheville Citizen-Times is Asheville's daily newspaper which covers most of Western North Carolina. The Mountain Xpress is Asheville's award-winning alternative newsweekly, which covers arts and politics in the region. The Asheville Global Report [1] is a local, independent newspaper, that has been publishing for over a decade. It is the recipient of 10 Project Censored Awards www.projectcensored.org/ and is run primarily by volunteers.
Asheville is served by Asheville Regional Airport in nearby Fletcher, North Carolina, and by Interstate 40, Interstate 240, and Interstate 26. A milestone was achieved in 2003 when Interstate 26 was extended from Mars Hill (north of Asheville) to Johnson City, Tennessee completing a 20-year half-billion dollar construction project through the Blue Ridge Mountains. Work continues to improve Interstate 26 from Mars Hill to Interstate 40 by improving U.S. Highways 19 and 23 and the western part of Interstate 240. This construction will include a multi-million dollar bridge to cross the French Broad River and is not slated to start until 2008.<ref>I-26 Connector, Asheville, NC (html). Public Information Website. North Carolina Department of Transportation (undated). Retrieved on 2006-08-20.</ref>
[edit] Geography
Asheville is located at the confluence of the Swannanoa River and the French Broad River. The French Broad continues northwest through the Appalachian Mountains to Knoxville, Tennessee. Located in the Blue Ridge Mountains, Asheville's weather resembles the weather of the rest of the southeastern U.S., but with somewhat cooler temperatures due to the higher altitude. In winter, temperatures may fall into the teens (Fahrenheit), and Asheville almost always receives snow and freezing rain a few times each year.
Asheville is located at (35.579862, -82.555810)GR1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 107.0 km² (41.3 mi²). 106.0 km² (40.9 mi²) of it is land and 1.0 km² (0.4 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.94% water.
[edit] Demographics
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 68,889 people, 30,690 households, and 16,726 families residing in the city. The population density was 650.0/km² (1,683.4/mi²). There were 33,567 housing units at an average density of 316.7/km² (820.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 77.95% White, 17.61% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.92% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.53% from other races, and 1.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.76% of the population.
There were 30,690 households out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.1% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the city the population was spread out with 19.6% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 87.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,772, and the median income for a family was $44,029. Males had a median income of $30,463 versus $23,488 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,024. About 10.3% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.
Several ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Asheville in honor of this town.
[edit] Metropolitan Area
Asheville is the largest city located within the Asheville MSA (Metropolitan Statistical Area). The MSA includes Buncombe County; Haywood County; Henderson County; and Madison County; with a combined population - as of the 2000 census - 369,171.
Apart from Asheville, the MSA includes Hendersonville and Waynesville, along with a number of smaller incorporated towns: Biltmore Forest, Black Mountain, Canton, Clyde, Flat Rock, Fletcher, Hot Springs, Laurel Park, Maggie Valley, Mars Hill, Marshall, Montreat, Weaverville, and Woodfin.
Several sizable unincorporated rural and suburban communities are also located nearby: Barnardsville (incorporated until 1970), Bat Cave, Candler, Enka, Fairview, Jupiter (incorporated until 1970), and Swannanoa.
Though technically beyond the boundaries of the MSA, a number of other nearby towns, including Brevard and Old Fort are also often considered part of the Asheville region.
Asheville is also part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson-Asheville Designated Market Area (DMA), a grouping corresponding to TV and radio markets.
[edit] Education
Asheville and its surrounding area is home to several institutions of higher education.
- Asheville-Buncombe Technical Community College [2]
- Black Mountain College
- University of North Carolina at Asheville
- Brevard College
- Mars Hill College
- Montreat College
- South College [3]
- Warren Wilson College
- Western Carolina University
[edit] Public and Private Schools
Asheville has several public schools. The Asheville City Schools district includes Asheville High School, Asheville Middle School, and several elementary schools. Asheville High has been ranked by Newsweek Magazine as one of the top 100 high schools in the United States. The Buncombe County School system, which includes high schools, middle schools, and elementary schools both inside and outside the city of Asheville, includes six additional high schools: A. C. Reynolds, C. D. Owen, C. A. Erwin, Enka, North Buncombe and T. C. Roberson. Each high school has, as feeder schools, a middle school and several elementary schools. A. C. Reynolds High School has two feeder middle schools (Cane Creek Middle School and A.C. Reynolds Middle School), as does T. C. Roberson (Cane Creek Middle School and Valley Springs Middle School). The school year usually begins in mid-August, and typically ends in late May or early June.
Two private residential schools make their home in the Asheville area as well – Christ School and Asheville School. Each brings students from around the world to study a rigorous college preparatory curriculum.
Several other private schools such as Asheville Christian Academy, Hanger Hall School for Girls, The New Classical Academy and Carolina Day School enroll local day students.
Asheville is also home to several charter schools, including Francine Delany New School for Children, one of the first charter schools in North Carolina.
[edit] Local culture
[edit] Music
Live music is a significant element in the tourism-based economy of Asheville and the surrounding area. Seasonal festivals and numerous nightclubs offer opportunities for visitors and locals to attend a wide variety of live entertainment events, to the point that the town has been compared to both New Orleans, Louisiana and Nashville, Tennessee.<ref>"Music pumps up economy, enlivens nightlife"; Michael Flynn; Asheville Citizen-Times; August 22, 2003 http://www.romanticasheville.com/livemusic.htm</ref>
Clubs and performance spaces include The Grey Eagle, Stella Blue, Emerald Lounge, Broadways, Barley's, Tressa's, Westville Pub, Bobo Gallery, The Orange Peel, Joli Rouge, Fred's Speakeasy, Harvest Records, and Gourmet Perks. There are also a number of outdoor festivals, such as Bele Chere, and the Lexington Avenue Arts & Fun Festival, which feature local music. One of the most popular annual events is "Shindig on the Green," which happens Saturday nights during July and August on City/County Plaza. By tradition, the Shindig starts "along about sundown" and features local bluegrass bands and dance teams on stage, and informal jam sessions under the trees surrounding the County Courthouse.
DJ music, as well as a small, but active, dance community are also components of the downtown musical landscape. The town is also home to the Asheville Symphony and the Asheville Lyric Opera. Warren Haynes of the band Gov't Mule also hails from Asheville. There are also numerous bluegrass, country and traditional mountain musicians in the Asheville area as well.
Asheville bands and performers include Crank County Daredevils, Chuck Brodsky, The Blue Rags, GFE aka Granola Funk Express, Jen & the Juice, Christine Kane, David LaMotte, The Mad Tea Party, The Makeout Room, Mother Vinegar, Paperboy, Reigning Sound, Sanctity, Secret Lives of the Freemasons, SeepeopleS, Steep Canyon Rangers, Stephanie's Id, MarsupiaL
[edit] Sports
<tr bgcolor="#ADADAD"> <td width="300px">Club</td> <td width="120px" align="left">Sport</td> <td width="75px" align="left">Founded</td> <td width="270px" align="left">League</td> <td width="180px" align="left">Venue</td> <td width="50px" align="left">Logo</td> </tr>
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<td width="250px">Asheville Tourists</td> <td width="120px" align="left">Baseball</td> <td width="75px" align="left">19??</td> <td width="270px" align="left">So. Atlantic</td> <td width="180px" align="left">McCormick Field</td> <td width="50px" align="left">Image:Tourist.gif</td>
<tr bgcolor="#ffffff'>
<td width="250px">Asheville Grizzlies</td> <td width="120px" align="left">Football</td> <td width="75px" align="left">??</td> <td width="270px" align="left">NAFL</td> <td width="180px" align="left">Memorial Stadium</td> <td width="50px" align="left"></td>
</table>
Area colleges and universities, such as the University of North Carolina at Asheville compete in sports. UNCA's sports teams are known as the Bulldogs and play in the Big South Conference. The Fighting Owls of Warren Wilson College are respected for their mountain biking and ultimate teams. The College is also home of the Hooter Dome, where the Owls play their home basketball games.
Asheville is home to societies that offer club sports that anyone can join such as: Asheville Rugby, Asheville Lacrosse Club, Asheville Track Club and the Asheville Ultimate Community. The Asheville Lightning Junior Olympic Team is open to boys and girls from 6 to 18 can participate.
Due to its location among the tallest mountains of the eastern United States and 80-100 inches of annual rainfall, Asheville is a major hub of whitewater recreation, particularly whitewater kayaking, in the eastern US. Many kayak manufacturers have their bases of operation in the Asheville area [citation needed] and some of the most distinguished whitewater kayakers live in or around Asheville, including Shane Benedict, Woody Calloway, Robert Pearson, Al Gregory, Pat Keller, Buffy Bailey Burge, Andrew Holcombe, Tommy Hilleke, Andria Baldovin, Anna Levesque, Whitney Lonsdale, Maria Nokes, Katie Hilleke, Jennifer Cribbs and Molly Malone.<ref>American Whitewater Journal July/August 2006 (not published on the web yet)</ref> In its July/August 2006 journal, the group American Whitewater named Asheville one of the top five US whitewater cities along with Johnstown, Pennsylvania; Chico/Oroville, California; Boise, Idaho and Washington, DC.<ref>American Whitewater Journal July/August 2006 (not published on the web yet)</ref>
[edit] Film & TV
Although the area has had a long history with the entertainment industry, recent developments are cementing Asheville as a potential growth area for both film and TV. The Asheville Film Festival is now in its third year, and in 2005 the city also participated in the 48 Hour Film Festival program, which is currently slated to become an annual event. The city's public access cable station URTV began airing programs in the spring of 2006. Notable films made (at least partially) in the area include: Searching for Angela Shelton(site), Last of the Mohicans, Being There, My Fellow Americans, The Fugitive, All The Real Girls, Richie Rich, Conquest of Canaan, Hannibal, Songcatcher, Patch Adams, The Journey of August King, Nell, Forrest Gump, Mr. Destiny, Winter People, Dirty Dancing, Bull Durham, The Private Eyes, The Swan, The Clearing, and 28 Days. Locally produced films include: Vance, The Devil's Courthouse, Inbred Rednecks, Sinkhole, The Nudger, Ether, Brother Cellophane and For Catherine, as well as a number of forthcoming projects such as Moon Europa, Golden Blade III: Return of the Monkey's Uncle and Asheville, The Movie. Local film-production groups include: 207 Pictures, A Viewpoint Productions, Blue Ridge Motion Pictures, Ironwood Media Group, Harrow Beauty, B-Clips, Tabula Rasa and Buried Pictures. Asheville is also home to the Asheville Film Festival(site).
[edit] Famous residents
- Robin Stevens, puppeteer, director, actor, producer
- Harry Anderson, actor and magician
- Lawson Duncan, former tennis player
- Eric Eycke, former vocalist for Corrosion of Conformity
- Hobey Ford, Puppeteer
- Charles Frazier, author
- Warren Haynes, musician
- Andie MacDowell, actress
- Robert Moog (now deceased), pioneer of electronic music, inventor of the Moog synthesizer
- Robert Morgan (now deceased), pilot of the "Memphis Belle," the famed WWII B-17 bomber
- Robert Pressley and Stephen Leicht, NASCAR drivers
- Artimus Pyle, musician
- Angela Shelton, actress, writer
- Adam Strange, artist, actor, and vocalist for GFE
- George Washington Vanderbilt II (1862-1914), entrepreneur, original founder of the Biltmore Estate
- Charles Vernon, musician
[edit] Points of interest
- Biltmore Estate
- Botanical Gardens at Asheville
- North Carolina Arboretum
- Vance Monument
- Pack Square
- Blue Ridge Parkway
- Thomas Wolfe (Asheville native) Memorial
- Asheville Urban Trail
- Riverside Cemetery
- Southern Highland Craft Guild Folk Art Center
- Richmond Hill Inn
[edit] Sister Cities
Asheville has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):
- Image:Flag of Mexico.svg San Cristóbal de las Casas, Mexico
- Image:Flag of Russia (bordered).svg Vladikavkaz, Russia
- Image:Flag of Greece.svg Karpenisi, Greece
- Image:Flag of France.svg Saumur, France
[edit] Links of Importance
- Asheville Convention & Visitors Bureau
- Official Asheville, NC website
- Current Asheville, NC Information - Maps, Photos, History & Much More
- Official Buncombe County, NC website
- Asheville Area Chamber of Commerce
- Greater Asheville Area Chamber of Commerce
- Best Selling Guidebook to Asheville & The Western North Carolina Mountains
- Asheville-Buncombe Library System
- Asheville Citizen-Times newspaper
- Asheville, NC Guide
- Jazz Composers Forum (Music Resource)
- Official Grey Eagle website
- Historic Photographs of Asheville and surrounding areas
- Virtual Tour of Asheville
- Frommers Top Travel Destinations for 2007
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
[edit] References
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