Basic functional groups
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The functional groups listed below are the basic functional groups covered by most General Biology courses.
| Chemical class | Group | Formula | Graphical Formula | Prefix | Suffix | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | Hydroxyl | ROH | Image:Alcohol-(general)-skeletal.png | hydroxy- | -ol | Image:Methanol.svg Methanol |
| Carbonyl | Aldehyde | RCHO | Image:Aldehyde-skeletal.png | oxo- | -al |  Acetaldehyde |
| Ketone | RCOR' | Image:Ketone-skeletal.png | keto-, oxo- | -one | ||
| Carboxyl | Carboxylic acid | RCOOH | Image:Carboxylic-acid-skeletal.png | carboxy- | -oic acid | |
| Carboxylate | RCOO− | Image:Carboxylate-resonance-hybrid.png |
carboxy- | -oate | ||
| Amines | Primary amine | RNH2 | Image:Amine-(primary).png | amino- | -amine |  Methylamine |
| Phosphate | Phosphate | ROP(=O)(OH)2 | Image:Phosphate Group.PNG | phospho- | ||
| Thiol | Sulfhydryl | RSH | Image:Thiol-group.png | mercapto-, sulfanyl- | -thiol |
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