Biloxi, Mississippi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- "Biloxi" redirects here. For other uses, see Biloxi (disambiguation).
Biloxi ([bəˈlʌksi]) is a city in Harrison County, Mississippi, in the United States. The 2000 census recorded the population as 50,644. It is the smaller (population wise) of two principal cities of the Gulfport, Mississippi-Biloxi, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Gulport-Biloxi-Pascagoula, Mississippi Combined Statistical Area. The city is co–county seat with Gulfport.
On August 29, 2005, Biloxi was severely damaged by Hurricane Katrina, which struck with a 30-foot (9-meter) storm surge, but Biloxi began re-building soon after, with 3 casinos re-opened in late December, Beau Rivage re-opened on Katrina's anniversary, and other hotels/casinos being added in 2006 (see below).<ref name=BixCasinos>City of Biloxi, "Tentative re-opening plans for Biloxi casino resorts" (2006), www.Biloxi.ms.us, web: Biloxi-Casinos.</ref> In the center of what fisheries biologists term "The Fertile Fisheries Crescent", Biloxi offers some of the finest sportsfishing along the entire northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Spotted seatrout, red drum, Spanish and king mackerel, flounder, snapper, grouper, sharks, and more are all available to anglers during the fishing season. It is not known how Hurricane Katrina affected this biosystem.
Keesler Air Force Base lies within the city and is home to the 81st Training Wing of the U.S. Air Force. Image:Biloxi-Lighthouse-NPS.jpg
With the introduction of gambling in Mississippi in the 1990s, Biloxi became an important center for casinos; the hotels and complexes brought millions of dollars in tourism revenue to the city. The more famous casino complexes were the Beau Rivage casino resort, Casino Magic, Grand Casino, Isle of Capri Casino, Boomtown Casino, President Broadwater Casino Resort, and Imperial Palace. Like Tunica County in the northern part of the state, Biloxi and the surrounding Gulf Coast region was considered a leading gambling center in the Southern United States until many casinos were damaged or destroyed by Hurricane Katrina, but several casino-hotels were rebuilt and opened within a year.<ref name=BixCasinos/>
The city is home to the Mississippi Sea Wolves, an ECHL minor league hockey team. Biloxi was the birth place and home of the world renowned early American art potter George E. Ohr, who broke new ground in the late 1890s with his experimental modern clay forms. The city hosted the National Ocean Sciences Bowl Competition in May 2005. Biloxi and the Mississippi Gulf Coast is now home to its first all-female flat track derby league, the Mississippi Rollergirls. http://www.mississippirollergirls.com
It was the birthplace of country singer Chris LeDoux and of actor Eric Roberts.
Image:Beach Cleanup 060302-N-9246W-0061.jpg
Contents |
[edit] Colonial era
The history of Biloxi, Mississippi spans more than 300 years.
The first permanent French settlement in Louisiana was founded at Biloxi in 1699, under the direction of Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville. In 1720, the capital of French Louisiana was moved to Biloxi from Mobile, which had been the capital of Louisiana since 1702. The capital of Louisiana was moved from Biloxi to New Orleans in 1723.
In 1763, France had to cede Louisiana east of the Mississippi River, except for New Orleans, to Great Britain. At that same time, France ceded Louisiana west of the Mississippi, including New Orleans, to Spain.
[edit] Demographics
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 50,644 people, 19,588 households, and 12,379 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,331.8/mi² (514.2/km²). There were 22,115 housing units at an average density of 581.6/mi² (224.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 71.43% White, 19.04% African American, 0.49% Native American, 5.11% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 1.43% from other races, and 2.38% from two or more races. 3.65% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 19,588 households, out of which 31.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% are non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.6% had someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size is 3.02.
In the city the population was spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.3% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 101.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $34,106, and the median income for a family was $40,685. Males had a median income of $28,046 versus $21,267 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,809. 14.6% of the population and 11.2% of families lived below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 19.6% of those under the age of 18 and 11.7% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
Biloxi is served by Gulfport, Mississippi's Gulfport-Biloxi International Airport.
[edit] Casinos
Biloxi has become home to several casino resort hotels, with 24-hour gambling, concert entertainment shows, and several restaurants. Some of the casino resorts are the following:<ref name=BixCasinos/>
- Imperial Palace, which re-opened as IP Hotel & Casino<ref>"IP Hotel & Casino" (2006), IPBiloxi.com, web: IP-Casino.</ref> on Dec. 22, 2005;
- Isle of Capri Casino Resort, which re-opened in late December 2005;
- Palace Casino Resort, which re-opened in late December 2005;
- Beau Rivage Resort & Casino, which re-opened August 29, 2006, on the one-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina;
- Boomtown Casino, which re-opened in 2006;
- Hard Rock Cafe Hotel and Casino, which had initially hoped to open for post-Katrina business in Summer 2006, but plans are on hold;
- Treasure Bay Casino Resort, which re-opened in summer 2006;
- Grand Casino (Biloxi), whose owners, Harrah’s Entertainment, have notified Mayor A.J. Holloway that the firm plans a billion-dollar resort in Biloxi;
- President Broadwater Casino Resort;
- Casino Magic, which had announced no re-opening plans yet; and,
- Bacaran Bay, which announced plans to begin construction on Caillavet Street.
[edit] Hurricane Katrina
Image:Hurricane-Katrina-Grand-Casino-Biloxi-NOAA.jpg
On August 29 2005, Hurricane Katrina hit the Mississippi Gulf Coast with high winds, heavy rains and a 30-foot storm surge, causing massive damage to the area. Katrina came ashore during the high tide of 6:56AM, +2.3 feet more.<ref>"2005 NOAA Tide Predictions: Biloxi (Cadet Point), Biloxi Bay" (2005), tide on 29-Aug-2005, NOAA, web: NOAA-tide-tables.</ref> Commenting on the power of the storm and the damage, Mayor A.J. Holloway said, "This is our tsunami" [1]. Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour was quoted as saying the destruction of the Mississippi coastline by Hurricane Katrina looked like an American Hiroshima.
On the morning of August 31 2005, in an interview on MSNBC, Governor Barbour stated that 90% of the buildings along the coast in Biloxi and neighboring Gulfport had been destroyed by the hurricane. Several of the "floating" casinos were torn off their supports and thrown inland, contributing to the damage. All coastal churches were destroyed or severely damaged.
Harrison County Coroner Gary T. Hargrove told the mayor and City Council that Hurricane Katrina had claimed 53 victims in Biloxi, as of January 30, 2006. Of the 53 confirmed fatalities in Biloxi, a figure that includes one unidentified male, Hargrove said the average age was 58, with youngest being 22 and oldest, 90; and 14 were females and 39 were males.
Many churches were damaged, including St. Michael's Catholic Church (see photo), which was gutted by the storm surge, breaking the entry doors and stained-glass windows along the first floor; however, the interior was later removed, and the structure was still solid enough to allow repairing the church.
Hurricane Katrina damaged over 40 Mississippi libraries, flooding several feet in the Biloxi Public Library and breaking windows, beyond repair, requiring a total rebuild.<ref>"Hurricane Katrina Related Damages to Public Libraries in Mississippi" (September 2005), Mississippi Library Commission, web:ALA-Katrina.</ref>
Out of all of the casinos that were located Biloxi, six have reopened since Katrina. They are the Isle of Capri Casino and Resort, the Palace Casino resort, the Imperial Palace, Treasure Bay Casino, Boomtown Casino, and the Beau Rivage, which re-opened on the one-year anniversary of Hurricane Katrina.
[edit] Notes
<references/>
[edit] External links
- Official web page
- Photographs of Hurricane Katrina's destruction on Mississippi’s Gulf Coast from davidmetraux.com
- Biloxi on Uncyclopedia
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
eo:Biloxi fr:Biloxi io:Biloxi, Mississippi nl:Biloxi no:Biloxi pl:Biloxi fi:Biloxi sv:Biloxi
