Bristol Zoo

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Bristol Zoo is a major UK tourist attraction in the city of Bristol in Southwest England.

Because of increased awareness of the need for plant and animal diversity, and in response to the rapid destruction of many of the earth's ecosystems, Bristol Zoo's aim is to conserve endangered species for the benefit of future generations. The work carried out by the zoo and its partners was acknowledged publicly when Bristol was named 'Zoo of the Year' in 2000.

[edit] History

Opened in 1836 by the Bristol, Clifton and West of England Zoological Society, Bristol Zoo is the world's oldest provincial zoo and also the fifth oldest internationally. It is a Victorian walled zoo located between Clifton Down and Clifton College, near Brunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge; it covers a small area by modern standards, but with a considerable number of species. In the 1960s the zoo came to national prominence by appearing in the UK television series, Animal Magic, hosted by the comic animal 'communicator', Johnny Morris.

The zoo's official name is Bristol Zoological Gardens ('Bristol Zoo Gardens' for commercial purposes). This is not in recognition of the flower displays for which the zoo can be justly proud, but recognises the first use of that title at the Regent's Park Zoological Gardens. Bristol, like its earlier London counterpart, includes several original buildings which have been praised for their architectural quirks, despite being unsuitable for the care of animals; the (former) Giraffe House joins the main entrance lodge and the south gates on Guthrie Road as a Grade II listed building. The old Monkey Temple, done out to look like a southern-Asian temple, is now home to a petting zoo.

[edit] Animal Overview

Image:Chandraandmoti.JPG Most of Bristol Zoo's larger animals have been removed. For example, there is no longer an elephant, giraffe, tiger, camel, hippopotamus (although they do have a pair of Pygmy hippopotamus), bear or zebra. This is because the zoo authorities felt that large animals were not happy in the very limited space that had been allocated to them in the past. However, the zoo does have 300 mammals in its collection, representing 50 species (from a total of over 4,300 mammal species on earth); these include a pair of asiatic lions, okapi, red panda, capybara and a variety of primates.

The zoo also has the world's first 'Twilight' zone, as well as insect and reptile houses, an aquarium, several aviaries and a world-class seal and penguin ‘coast’. Ducks swim on the lakes, while the lake islands are home to gorillas, monkeys, lemurs and pelicans .

[edit] Seal and Penguin Coasts

This major attraction at the zoo was opened in 1999 and allows South American fur seals, African penguins and Gentoo penguins to be watched both above and below the water. The two pools contain 145,000 gallons (two thirds of a million litres) of salt water, with waves (made by a wave machine), waterfalls, rocks and pebble beaches to simulate their natural habitat. The attraction is netted over the top to allow Inca terns to be kept in the same enclosure.

[edit] Gorilla Island

The four western lowland gorillas are the largest animals kept at Bristol. As well as an indoor enclosure, they have an island to themselves. Although they are very strong with vicious-looking teeth, gorillas are herbivores and are not aggressive. Nevertheless, their keepers do not enter their island home because zoo policy is to keep the animals' captive environment as similar as possible to that of their natural African habitat.

An extensive redevelopment of the nearby Monkey House, opened in July 2006, gives access to the gorilla island for a new colony of De Brazzas monkeys.

[edit] Bug and Twilight Worlds

Bug World, the zoo's collection of invertebrates (animals without a backbone) includes insects such as locusts, grasshoppers and leaf-cutting ants. Ninety-five percent of the earth's species are invertebrates, including insects, spiders, worms, snails, crabs, jellyfish and corals.

Bristol Zoo's Twilight World was the first such exhibit to offer the daytime visitor the chance to view the twilight behaviour of nocturnal animals. By exchanging night and day, the animals (which are awake during their 'night') can be observed during daylight hours. Computer-controlled lighting ensures a natural transition from night to day and vice versa. Animals that can be seen include fruit bats, sand cats, sloths, blind fish and Naked Mole Rats (Bristol's smallest mammal species).

[edit] Fish, Reptiles and Amphibians

The Aquarium has over 70 species of fish. It shows three main watery habitats: coral reefs; the Amazon River; and the lakes and rivers of Africa. The Reptile House has lizards, snakes, iguana, turtles and dwarf crocodiles, as well as frogs (amphibians). Visitors can see reptile eggs incubating, this helping to maintain a sustainable captive population.

[edit] Wallace Aviary & "Zona Brazil"

Most of the species in the walk-through Wallace Aviary are from the Philippines where they are threatened with extinction through loss of habitat, hunting and killing for food. "Zona Brazil", which featurs a variety of South American animals, is another popular walk-through exhibit.

[edit] Wendy the Elephant

Wendy the Asian Elephant had to be euthanized, because of arthritis, in 2002 at the age of 42. The zoo authorities say they will never again house large animals, including elephants, at their Bristol site. Wendy's enclosure has since been redeveloped and the area is now occupied by the okapis and the gorillas.

[edit] Conservation & future projects

Bristol Zoo supports wildlife conservation and education, and takes part in local, national and international breeding programmes. For example, Bristol works with other zoos around the world to breed lemurs in captivity. Native to Madagascar, the lemurs are critically endangered because their forest habitat is being destroyed. Closer to home, the zoo has been instrumental in helping to reintroduce the water vole to parts of Southern England.

A number of mammals are kept on an additional ‘green-field’ site to the north of Bristol. Plans are afoot to relocate many more species to the Hollywood Tower estate near Cribbs Causeway, as part of a second zoo.

[edit] Gallery

LION ENCLOSURE: Asiatic lioness	LION ENCLOSURE: Asiatic male lion	Red Panda: Ailurus fulgerus	TWILIGHT WORLD: Dwarf mongoose
REPTILE HOUSE: Collared Lizard and Western Chuckwallah lizard	AQUARIUM: Red-knobbed sea star	BUGWORLD: Dead Leaf mantis, an astonishing example of camouflage	SEAL AND PENGUIN COASTS: the "underwater” tunnel. A South American fur seal is passing
GORILLA ISLAND: Jock, a male Western lowland gorilla in his early twenties	ZONA BRAZIL: Capybara, the largest living rodent	WALLACE AVIARY: the very rare Bali Starling	Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) greets visitors at the main entrance

[edit] External link

• Bristol Zoo official site