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The Buckwalter Arabic transliteration was developed at Xerox by Tim Buckwalter in the 1990s. It is an ASCII only transliteration scheme, representing Arabic orthography strictly one-to-one, unlike the more common romanization schemes that add morphological information not expressed in Arabic script. Thus, for example, a waw will be transliterated as w regardless of whether it is realized as a vowel [u:] or a consonant [w]. Only when the waw is modified by a hamza (
ؤ) does the transliteration change to &. The unmodified letters are straightforward to read (except for maybe *=dhaal and E=ayin, v=thaa), but the transliteration of letters with diacritica and the harakat take some time to get used to, for example the nunated i`rab -un, -an, -in appear as N, F, K, and the sukun ("no vowel") as o. Ta marbouta
ة is p.
| Arabic alphabet
| ﺍ
| ﺏ
| ﺕ
| ﺙ
| ﺝ
| ﺡ
| ﺥ
| ﺩ
| ﺫ
| ﺭ
| ﺯ
| ﺱ
| ﺵ
| ﺹ
| ﺽ
| ﻁ
| ﻅ
| ﻉ
| ﻍ
| ﻑ
| ﻕ
| ﻙ
| ﻝ
| ﻡ
| ﻥ
| هـ
| ﻭ
| ﻱ
|
| DIN 31635
| ā
| b
| t
| ṯ
| ǧ
| ḥ
| ḫ
| d
| ḏ
| r
| z
| s
| š
| ṣ
| ḍ
| ṭ
| ẓ
| ʿ
| ġ
| f
| q
| k
| l
| m
| n
| h
| w/ū
| y/ī
|
| Buckwalter
| A
| b
| t
| v
| j
| H
| x
| d
| *
| r
| z
| s
| $
| S
| D
| T
| Z
| E
| g
| f
| q
| k
| l
| m
| n
| h
| w
| y
|
- hamza
- lone hamza: '
- hamza on alif: >
- hamza on wa: &
- hamza on ya: }
- alif
- madda on alif: |
- alif al-wasla: {
- dagger alif: `
- alif maqsura: Y
- harakat
- fatha: a
- damma: u
- kasra: i
- fathatayn: F
- dammatayn: N
- kasratayn K
- shadda: ~
- sukun: o
- ta marbouta: p
- tatwil: _
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