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Bydgoszcz

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Bydgoszcz
Image:POL Bydgoszcz flag.svg Image:POL Bydgoszcz COA.svg
(Flag) (Coat of arms)
Location of Bydgoszcz
Country Poland
Voivodeship Kuyavian-Pomeranian
Municipal government Rada Miasta Bydgoszcz
Mayor Konstanty Dombrowicz
Area 261.3 km²
Population
 - city
 - urban
 - density
369,151 (2004)
850,000
2122/km²
Founded before 1238
City rights 1346/1349
Latitude
Longitude 		53°07' N
18°00' E
Area code +48 52
Car plates CB
Twin towns Cherkasy, Hartford, Kragujevac, Mannheim, Pavlodar, Perth, Reggio Emilia
Municipal Website

Bydgoszcz (['bidgɔʂtʂ] (help·info); German: Bromberg (help·info); Latin: Bydgostia) is a city in northern Poland, on the Brda and Vistula rivers, with a population of 369,151 (2004). It has been the capital of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999, and was previously the capital of the Bydgoszcz Voivodeship (1947-1998) and before that, of the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1945-1947). Since 1999 it is also the seat of Bydgoszcz County.

Bydgoszcz is part of the metroplex Bydgoszcz-Toruń with Toruń, only 45 km away, and over 850,000 inhabitants. In September 2004 the Medical Academy in Bydgoszcz joined Toruń University as Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz.

Contents

[edit] History

Originally a fishing settlement called Bydgoszcz ("Bydgostia" in Latin), the city became a stronghold for the Vistula trade routes. In the 13th century it was the site of a castellany, first mentioned in 1238. Bydgoszcz was occupied by the Teutonic Knights from 1331-1337, and was recovered by King Casimir III, who granted the city municipal rights on 19 April 1346. The city increasingly saw an influx of ethnic Germans and Jews after that date.

In the 15th-16th centuries Bydgoszcz was a significant site for corn trading. The Treaty of Bydgoszcz was signed in the town in 1657.

Bydgoszcz followed the history of Greater Poland until 1772, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in the First Partition of Poland and incorporated into the Netze District and, later, West Prussia. During this time, the canal was built from Bydgoszcz to Nakło which connected the north-flowing Vistula river via the Brda to the west-flowing Noteć, which in turn flowed to the Oder via the Warta.

In 1807 Bydgoszcz became part of the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1815 it returned to Prussian rule as part of the autonomous Grand Duchy of Poznań and capital of Bromberg district. After 1871 the city was part of the German Empire's Province of Posen. After World War I and the Great Poland Uprising, Bydgoszcz returned to Poland in 1919. It shifted in 1938 to Pomeranian Voivodeship.

From 1939-45 during World War II, Bydgoszcz was occupied by Nazi Germany and annexed to the Reichsgau Wartheland. On September 3 1939, shortly after the war started, the disputed Bromberg Bloody Sunday incident occurred in which numerous Poles and Germans were killed; the incident was used by Nazi propaganda for retaliation against Poles after Bydgoszcz was occupied by the Wehrmacht on September 9. The city's Jewish citizens were repressed, as thousands of people were sent to concentration camps and/or executed. Bydgoszcz (Fordon) was the site of Bromberg-Ost, a female subcamp of Stutthof. The subcamp staffed several female SS guards (Aufseherin) and was commanded by the Oberaufseherin Johanna Wisotzki and a male commandant. A deportation camp was situated in Smukała village, now part of Bydgoszcz. According to Nowa encyklopedia powszechna PWN, 37,000 citizens of the city died during the war.[1]

In 1945 Bydgoszcz was liberated and returned to Poland.

In 1981 Solidarity's activists were violently suppressed in Bydgoszcz.

[edit] Economy

[edit] Major corporations

[edit] Education

Image:Bydgoszcz Spichrze.jpg

[edit] Sports

[edit] Politics

[edit] Bydgoszcz constituency

River Brda.

Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Bydgoszcz constituency

  • Paweł Olszewski, PO
  • Teresa Piotrowska, PO
  • Maciej Swiatkowski, PO
  • Grazyna Ciemniak, SLD
  • Slawomir Jeneralski, SLD
  • Janusz Zemke, SLD
  • Witold Hatka, LPR
  • Tomasz Markowski, PiS
  • Wojciech Mojzesowicz, PiS
  • Tomasz Latos, PiS
  • Andrzej Walkowiak, PiS
  • Jan Bestry, Samoobrona

[edit] Famous people from Bydgoszcz

[edit] Sister Cities

[edit] See also

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[edit] External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Voivodeships of Poland Image:Flag of Poland.svg
Greater Poland | Kuyavia-Pomerania | Lesser Poland | Lower Silesia | Lublin | Lubusz | Łódź | Masovia | Opole | Podlachia | Pomerania | Silesia | Subcarpathia | Świętokrzyskie | Warmia and Masuria | West Pomerania
Principal cities: Warsaw | Łódź | Kraków | Wrocław | Poznań | Gdańsk | Szczecin | Bydgoszcz | Lublin | Katowice | Białystok | Częstochowa | Gdynia | Toruń | Olsztyn | Radom | Kielce | Rzeszów | Opole | Gorzów Wielkopolski

Coordinates: 53°09′N 18°00′Eaf:Bydgoszcz bg:Бидгошч cs:Bydhošť da:Bydgoszcz de:Bydgoszcz et:Bydgoszcz es:Bydgoszcz eo:Bydgoszcz eu:Bydgoszcz fr:Bydgoszcz ko:비드고슈치 hr:Bydgoszcz id:Bydgoszcz is:Bydgoszcz it:Bydgoszcz he:בידגושץ' lv:Bidgošča hu:Bydgoszcz na:Bydgoszcz nl:Bydgoszcz ja:ブィドゴシュチュ no:Bydgoszcz nds:Brombarg pl:Bydgoszcz pt:Bydgoszcz ro:Bydgoszcz ru:Быдгощ simple:Bydgoszcz sk:Bydhošť fi:Bydgoszcz sv:Bydgoszcz

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