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Canadian Forces Land Force Command

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Canadian Forces Land Force Command
Image:Canadian Army Flag.svg
History
History of the Canadian Army
Canadian Corps
First Canadian Army
Military History of Canada
Structure
Structure of the Canadian Army
Land Force Atlantic Area
Land Force Quebec Area
Land Force Central Area
Land Force Western Area
List of Units
75px

Canadian Forces Land Force Command (LFC) is responsible for army operations within the Canadian Forces. LFC maintains bases across Canada and is responsible for the largest component of the Canadian Forces Reserves — the Army Reserve, often referred to as the "militia".

LFC is the descendant of the Canadian Army which was the name of Canada's land forces from 1940 until February 1, 1968. At the time of unification all army units were placed under Mobile Command (MC), later changed to Force Mobile Command (FMC) in 1975 when tactical air units were assigned to newly-created Air Command. The name was changed from FMC to Land Force Command in a 1997 reorganization of the Canadian Forces.

Contents

[edit] History

Main article: History of the Canadian Army

Following unification of the three armed services in 1968, Canada's Mobile Command became in effect the "Canadian Army" though the "Army" did not find favour until the 1980s when it became once again unofficially used to refer to Canada's land forces, both Regular and Reserve. The early organization of Mobile Command included tactical ground attack fixed and rotary wing aircraft, in addition to ground forces, and was akin to the integrated warfare approach of the United States Marine Corps. In a 1975 reorganization of the Canadian Forces, Air Command was created and all air assets were reassigned to that organization. Mobile Command was renamed Force Mobile Command and became an exclusive ground force. In 1997, Force Mobile Command was officially redesignated Land Force Command of the Canadian Forces.

[edit] Army bases and training centres

[edit] Regiments

The badge of Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry. Canadian infantry and armoured regimental traditions are strongly rooted in the traditions and history of the British Army. Many regiments were patterned after regiments of the British Army, and a system of official "alliances", or affiliations, was created to perpetuate a sense of shared history. Other regiments developed independently, resulting in a mixture of both colourful and historically familiar names. Other traditions such as Battle Honours and Colours have been adopted by Canadian regiments as well.

[edit] Armoured

Regular Force units include:

[edit] Artillery

Canada's regular field artillery has traditionally been called the Royal Canadian Horse Artillery. Canada currently has four Regular Force regiments:

[edit] Combat Engineers

  • 1 Combat Engineer Regiment
  • 2 Combat Engineer Regiment
  • 4 Engineer Support Regiment
  • 5 Combat Engineer Regiment

[edit] Infantry

Between 1953 and 1971, the regular Canadian infantry consisted of seven regiments, each of two battalions (except the Royal 22e Régiment, which had three, and the Canadian Airborne Regiment, which was divided into three "commandos"). The three present regular infantry regiments were augmented by two battalions each of the Canadian Guards, the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada and the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada. After 1971, the regular force battalions of the QOR and the Black Watch were dissolved (their Militia battalions remained in Toronto and Montreal, respectively) with their personnel distributed between the RCR and PPCLI, while the Canadian Guards were disbanded. The Canadian Airborne Regiment was disbanded in 1995.

[edit] Special forces

[edit] Structure

See Article Structure of the Canadian Army.

[edit] Equipment

[edit] Vehicles

[1]

BuilderModelTypeNumberDatesDetails
Mercedes-Benz G-Wagen 4 × 4 light utility vehicle 1,159 2004- replaced the Iltis light trucks in Afghanistan
Bombardier Iltis light utility vehicle 1,900+ 1984
BAE Systems Land Systems Mamba/Nyala landmine-resistant 4×4 armoured personnel carrier 75 2006
General Motors Corporation/Bombardier MLVW medium logistic vehicle, wheeled 2,769 1982 based on M35/M36 series trucks
Bombardier LSVW light support vehicle, wheeled 2,879 1993-1997
Urban Transportation Development Corporation HLVW heavy lift vehicle 1,212 1992 based on Austrian Steyr Percheron truck chassis
N/A ROWPU reverse-osmosis water purification unit N/A 1990s
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division Cougar AVGP 6 × 6 armoured vehicle (general purpose) 100 1976 Armoured fire support variant armed with 76-mm gun; being retired from reserve units and replaced with G-Wagon
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division Grizzly AVGP armoured personnel carrier 274 1976 Life-extended & relegated to support roles after 2000; 100 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division Husky AVGP armoured recovery 27 1976 5 loaned to African Union troops in Sudan.
FMC Corp. Lynx reconnaissance vehicle armoured reconnaissance 174 1968–early 1990s
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division Coyote Reconnaissance Vehicle (8×8) armoured reconnaissance 203 1996-1998
General Dynamics Canada/General Motors Diesel Division Bison (8×8) armoured personnel carrier 199 1990
FMC Corp. M113A3/MTVL tracked armoured personnel carrier 289 2001-2006 289 of original 1,143 M113's delivered mid-1960's to early 1990's upgraded to A3/MTVL; remainder declared surplus
General Motors Diesel Division LAV III 8 × 8 light armoured vehicle 651 1999-
Oerlikon Contraves ADATS air-defence, antitank system 34 1989
Krauss-Maffei/MaK Leopard C2 main battle tank 66 1978– 114 Leopard C1 tanks were upgraded to Leopard C2 in 2000–2001.
United Defense Limited Partnership M109 self-propelled howitzer 76 1960s-1980s Retired mid-2000's
BAE Systems Land Systems Bv206 tracked vehicle 78 1983
Bell Helicopter Textron CH-146 Griffon tactical utility helicopter 98 1995-1997
Ford M151A2 light truck 935 1974-1975 replaced by the Volkswagen Iltis truck in 1984

[edit] Weapons

[edit] Rank structure

Main article: Canadian Forces ranks and insignia

Comparison of ranking structure available at Ranks and insignia of NATO. Not shown are the various appointment badges for specialist positions such as master gunner, drum major, etc. Many ranks are associated with specific appointments; for example a regimental sergeant major is usually a chief warrant officer. The title of master corporal also, technically, refers to an appointment and not a rank.

NATO CodeOF-10OF-9OF-8OF-7OF-6OF-5OF-4OF-3OF-2OF-1OF-D-Student Officer
Image:Flag of Canada.svg Canada (Edit) No Equivalent Image:CA-Army-OF9.gif Image:CA-Army-OF8.gif Image:CA-Army-OF7.gif Image:CA-Army-OF6.gif Image:CA-Army-OF5.gif Image:CA-Army-OF4.gif Image:CA-Army-OF3.gif Image:CA-Army-OF2.gif Image:CA-Army-OF1a.gif Image:CA-Army-OF1b.gif No Equivalent Image:CA-Army-OF1d.png
General Lieutenant General Major General Brigadier General Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Major Captain Lieutenant Second Lieutenant Officer Cadet
Général Lieutenant-général Major-général Brigadier-général Colonel Lieutenant-colonel Major Capitaine Lieutenant Sous-lieutenant Eleve-Officier
  • 1 Honorary/War time rank.
NATO CodeOR-9OR-8OR-7OR-6OR-5OR-4OR-3OR-2OR-1
Image:Flag of Canada.svg Canada (Edit) Image:CA-Army-OR9a.gif Image:CA-Army-OR9b.gif Image:CA-Army-OR9c.gif Image:CA-Army-OR8.gif Image:CA-Army-OR7.gif Image:CA-Army-OR6.gif Image:CA-Army-OR5.gif Image:CA-Army-OR4.gif
50px 		Image:CA-Army-OR3.gif
50px 		No insignia No insignia
Chief Warrant Officer
Adjudant-chef 		Master Warrant Officer
Adjudant-maître 		Warrant Officer
Adjudant 		Sergeant
Sergent 		Master Corporal
Caporal-chef 		Corporal
Caporal 		Trained Private
Soldat 		Private Basic Private (Recruit)
Soldat (recrue)

[edit] Battles involving the Canadian army

The Canadian Army has participated in the following campaigns as a combatant:

Main article: Military history of Canada during the Second World War

[edit] External links

[edit] Publications

[edit] See also

Canadian Forces Image:Canadian Forces emblem.svg
Image:Canadian Army Flag.svg Land Force Command | Image:Naval Jack of Canada.svg Maritime Command | 50px Air Command
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