Carl Michael Bellman

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Image:Carl Michael Bellman, portrayed by Per Krafft 1779.jpg

Carl Michael Bellman (help·info) (February 4, 1740 - February 11, 1795) was a Swedish poet and composer. Bellman is a central figure in the Swedish song tradition and remains a very important influence in Swedish music, as well as in Scandinavian literature in general, to this day.

His main two works are the Songs of Fredman ("Fredmans sånger") and the Epistles of Fredman ("Fredmans epistlar"), each including some 70 songs, many of which are about sociable drinking and or designed for the occasion of the same. But this aspect of his songs is not the main reason he has become such an icon in the Scandinavian song tradition. A master of rhyme and rhythm, with a wonderful sense for combining words and music, his songs were innovative and original in form (parodying and refreshing contemporary literary styles was one of his specialties), as well as challenging in subject matter. On the surface, his songs centered to large extent around themes like the joy of inebriation and the pursuit of sexual pleasure. Against this backdrop however, he manages to elucidate the tender and fleeting themes of love, death, and the elusive qualities of the "present", the here-and-now, in a unique and moving manner. His songs reflects aspects of the life for the common man in 18th century Stockholm, but by his composition Gustafs skål, an informal royal anthem, he had also acquired the patronage of King Gustav III of Sweden. Some of the characters of his songs are the clockmaker Fredman, the prostitute Ulla Winblad, the ex-soldier, now alcoholic Mowitz and Fader Berg, a virtuoso on several instruments. Some of these were based on living models, some probably not. His songs often reference Greek and Roman mythological characters such as the ferryman Charon and the God of wine and pleasure, Bacchus.

1 Legacy
2 His Works in English
3 Trivia
4 External links

[edit] Legacy

Bellman often wrote about alcohol, sex and death.

The songs of Bellman are being kept alive by modern Swedish artists such as the late Cornelis Vreeswijk, rock musician Joakim Thåström, Evert Taube, his son Sven-Bertil Taube, and even black metal band Marduk. They are also frequently used as choral music and as drinking songs. Important interpreters of Bellman's songs include Fred Åkerström, Nis Bank-Mikkelsen, Povel Dissing and Martin Bagge.

Bellman has been translated into English notably by Paul Britten Austin, and there have many translations into German (by Hannes Wader and many others). Also the German Communist leader Karl Liebknecht liked to sing the songs of Bellman, but he was able to do so in Swedish. Hans Christian Andersen was one of the first to translate Bellman into Danish.

Bellman's songs have also been translated and sung in Italian, French, Finnish, Danish, Russian and Yiddish.

Bellman's songs and epistles have been recorded in English by William Clauson, Martin Best, Sven-Bertil Taube, Roger Hinchliffe and Martin Bagge.

[edit] His Works in English

Anthology Of Swedish Lyrics - Charles Wharton Stork (1930) United States
The Last Of The Troubadours - Hendrik Willem van Loon (1939) United States
The Life and Songs of Carl Michael Bellman - Paul Britten Austin (1967) Sweden
Epistles And Songs - Michael Roberts (1981) England
Fredman’s Epistles And Songs - Paul Britten Austin (1990) Sweden

[edit] Trivia

Bellman is the main character of a type of Swedish jokes, aptly named Bellman-jokes. The modern versions of these usually include two other characters of different nationalities and Bellman, with the latter coming out victorious from a tricky situation.