Eleventh
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In music or music theory an eleventh is the note eleven scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the eleventh.
Since there are only seven degrees in a diatonic scale the eleventh degree is the same as the subdominant and the interval of an eleventh is a compound fourth.
An eleventh chord is a chord which contains an eleventh. Typically found in jazz, an eleventh chord will also usually include the seventh and ninth along with elements of the basic triad structure. However, since the major diatonic eleventh (for example the F on the C11 chord shown at right) would create a dissonant minor ninth interval with the third of the chord (the E), it is not uncommon to omit the third in the presence of the eleventh, resulting in a chord similar to a suspended chord (sus4).
Because this minor ninth interval between the third and the eleventh is more problematic to the ear and to voice leading than a major ninth would be (as would be the interval between third and eleventh in a minor chord), eleventh chords will often retain the third when they are minor (e.g. C, E-flat, G, B-flat, D, F). Similarly, when built on a major triad, eleventh chords may opt to raise the eleventh chromatically (e.g. to F# in a C major chord), implying a jazzy take on the Lydian mode.
| Chords | ||
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| By Type | Triads | Major · Minor · Augmented · Diminished |
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| Sevenths | Major · Minor · Dominant · Diminished · Half-diminished · Minor-Major · Augmented major · Augmented minor | |
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| Extended | Ninth · Eleventh · Thirteenth | |
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| Other | Sixth · Augmented sixth · Suspended · Altered · Added tone · Polychord · Quartal and quintal · Tone cluster | |
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| By Function | Diatonic | Tonic · Dominant · Subdominant · Submediant |
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| Altered | Borrowed · Neopolitan sixth · Secondary dominant · Secondary subdominant | |
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