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F-plasmid

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The fertility F-plasmid, also known as the F-factor; is found in bacteria allowing bacterial conjugation (where genetic information is exchanged) between different bacterial cells.

A bacterial cell is descibed as F+ when it contains this plasmid, and F- when it does not. The F-plasmid is also an episome and can integrate into the cells circular genome, in this instance a cell would be described as Hfr.

The F-plasmid has also been engineered so it contains inserted foreign DNA, called a fosmid.

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