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Grand Slam (tennis)

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In tennis, a singles player or doubles team is said to have achieved the True Grand Slam if they succeed in winning all four of the following championship titles in the same calendar year or just "Grand Slam" by owning all four at the same time:

These tournaments are therefore also known as the Grand Slam tournaments. They rank as the most important tennis tournaments of the year in the public mind, as well as in terms of world ranking points and prize-money awarded. The titles are known as Grand Slam titles.

Contents

[edit] History

The term Grand Slam, as applied to tennis, was first used by New York Times columnist John Kieran according to Total Tennis, The Ultimate Tennis Encyclopedia by Bud Collins. In the chapter about 1933, Collins writes that after the Australian player Jack Crawford had won the Australian, French, and British championships, speculation arose about his chances in the American championships. Kieran, who was a bridge player, wrote: "If Crawford wins, it would be something like scoring a grand slam on the courts, doubled and vulnerable." Crawford, an asthmatic, won two of the first three sets of his finals match against Fred Perry, then tired in the heat and lost the last two sets and the match.

The expression Grand Slam, initially used to describe the winning of the tennis major events in one calendar year, was later incorporated by other sports, notably golf, to describe a similar accomplishment.

[edit] Winners

[edit] Grand Slam (4 majors in one calendar year)

[edit] Singles

[edit] Junior Singles

[edit] Same Sex Doubles

[edit] Mixed Doubles

[edit] Grand Slam (4 majors, non calendar year)

Though the term was originally defined as winning all four tournaments in the same calendar year, the International Tennis Federation declared the official term as a player holding all four titles simultaneously, regardless of the calendar year.

After Martina Navrátilová won four consecutive major championships, holding all four at once, the International Tennis Federation awarded her the Grand Slam U.S. $1 million bonus, as she held all four titles at once. Bud Collins sarcastically called her accomplishment the "Grand Snap" because he did not believe that she had won a true Grand Slam and because Playtex was the sponsor of the bonus.

Two other players — Steffi Graf and Serena Williams — have also completed this Grand Slam (by ITF regulations).

Winners of all four Grand Slam tournaments consecutively, but not in a single calendar year:

[edit] Singles

[edit] Same Sex Doubles

[edit] Most Grand Slam singles titles in a row by a male

Don Budge (6) (1937 Wimbledon through the 1938 U.S. Championships)

[edit] Most Grand Slam titles in a row (non-consecutive)

Beginning with the 1924 U.S. Championships and extending through the 1933 Wimbledon Championships, Helen Wills Moody won all 16 of the Grand Slam singles tournaments she played (not counting her defaults in the 1926 French and Wimbledon Championships). The first 15 of those were won without losing a set. During this period, she won 6 Wimbledons, 4 French Championships, and 6 U.S. Championships. She also won the 1924 Summer Olympics during this period. Moody never entered the Australian Championships.

[edit] Career Grand Slam

Winning all four Grand Slam tournaments non-consecutively is described as a "Career Grand Slam."

[edit] Singles

Players who won all four Grand Slam tournaments but not in a row include (age between square brackets):

Especially in the men's game, a number of players dominant in their eras have failed to achieve the Career Grand Slam because of their inability to win a particular tournament, often due to that tournament being ill-suited to the player's game. Ken Rosewall, Guillermo Vilas, Ivan Lendl, and Mats Wilander all failed to win Wimbledon, while John Newcombe, Jimmy Connors, Boris Becker, Stefan Edberg and Pete Sampras all failed to win the French Open. Roger Federer, an active player, has also won all the Grand Slam events except the French Open.

[edit] Same sex doubles

Teams that have won a Career Grand Slam (not in one calendar year):

Players who won a Career Grand Slam in doubles:

[edit] Mixed doubles

Teams that have won a Career Grand Slam:

Players who won a Career Grand Slam in mixed doubles:

Serena and Venus Williams won what could be called "Williams family Slam" in mixed doubles in 1998 when they held all 4 mixed doubles Grand Slam titles.

[edit] Golden Slam

The Golden Slam, or Golden Grand Slam, is winning all four Grand Slam tournaments, as well as the Gold medal in tennis at the Summer Olympics, in the same calendar year. The opportunities to do so have been rare, not just because the Summer Olympics are held only once every four years, but also because in between the games of 1924 and 1988, tennis was not a medal sport at the Games.

[edit] True Golden Slam

So far this feat has been achieved only once:

[edit] Career Golden Slam

Winning all tournaments in a True Golden Slam, but not in the same calendar year:

[edit] Small Slam

Players who have won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in the same year, are sometimes said to have achieved a small slam.

[edit] Men

  • Jack Crawford (1933): Australian, French & U.S. Championships
  • Fred Perry (1934): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Tony Trabert (1955): French, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Lew Hoad (1956): Australian, French & Wimbledon Championships
  • Ashley Cooper (1958): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Roy Emerson (1964): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Jimmy Connors (1974): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
  • Mats Wilander (1988): Australian, French & U.S. Open
  • Roger Federer (2004,2006): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Open

Juniors:

[edit] Women

  • Helen Wills (1928, '29): French, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Margaret Smith Court - also winner of True Grand Slam
    • 1962, '69, '73: Australian, French & U.S. Championships/Open
    • 1965: Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Championships
  • Billie Jean King (1972): French, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
  • Martina Navrátilová - completed the ITF Grand Slam and won six majors in a row
    • 1983: Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
    • 1984: French, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
  • Steffi Graf - also winner of True Grand Slam
    • 1989: Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
    • 1993, '95, '96: French, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
  • Monica Seles (1991, '92): Australian, French & U.S. Open
  • Martina Hingis (1997): Australian, Wimbledon & U.S. Open
  • Serena Williams (2002): French, Wimbledon & U.S. Open - completed Serena Slam by winning the 2003 Australian Open title

Juniors:

[edit] The career "Boxed Set"

Another Grand Slam-related accomplishment imaginable is winning a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles – winning the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. No male player has ever achieved this feat, but three women have completed the "boxed set" during their careers:

Serena Williams has come closer than any other currently active player to joining this elite group. She has yet to win the mixed doubles in the Australian and French Opens.

In recent years, the top men's singles players have played comparatively little doubles, and very little mixed doubles, making it unlikely to be achieved by a male player.

[edit] See also

da:Grand Slam de:Grand Slam et:Suure slämmi turniirid es:Grand Slam (tenis) fr:Grand Chelem de tennis id:Grand Slam it:Grande Slam del tennis he:גראנד סלאם (טניס) hu:Grand Slam (tenisz) nl:Grand slam ja:グランドスラム (テニス) no:Grand Slam (tennis) pl:Wielki Szlem pt:Grand Slam de tênis ru:Турниры Большого шлема (теннис) sr:Гренд слем fi:Grand Slam sv:Tennisens Grand Slam vi:Grand Slam quần vợt tr:Grand Slam zh:网球大满贯

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