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Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport

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Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Image:Katl-diagram.png
IATA: ATL - ICAO: KATL
Summary

<tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Airport type</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Public</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Operator</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Department of Aviation of the City of Atlanta</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Serves</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Atlanta, Georgia</td></tr>

Elevation AMSL 1,026 ft (313 m)
Coordinates 33°38′21.1″N, 84°25′39.6″W
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
9R/27L 9,000 2,743 Paved
9L/27R 11,889 3,624 Paved
8R/26L 10,000 3,048 Paved
8L/26R 9,000 2,743 Paved
10/28 9,000 2,743 Paved

Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL, ICAO: KATL), locally known as Atlanta Airport, is largely located in the suburbs of Atlanta, Georgia, USA and was the world's busiest airport in 2005. However, according to the FAA, Chicago's O'Hare International Airport is on track to take the title back for 2006.[1] Recent flight capacity increases of 40% promise to propel Hartsfield's future growth.

Hartsfield accommodated 980,197 takeoffs and landings in 2005, and handled 88.4 million passengers according to projections. Many of these flights are domestic flights from within the United States where Atlanta serves as a major transfer point for flights to and from smaller cities throughout the Southern United States. As such, it is the subject of an old joke stating that regardless of where one is going in the afterlife, s/he will have to connect in Atlanta to get there. Hartsfield-Jackson also has fifty-seven percent of their passengers flying elsewhere. As an international gateway to the United States Hartsfield-Jackson ranks seventh; JFK International in New York City is first.[2]

The airport is located partly within the southern city limits of Atlanta and is adjacent to the city of College Park, Georgia, which is south of the city limits of Atlanta. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport is the primary hub of Delta Air Lines, AirTran Airways and Atlantic Southeast Airlines. The airport is located in Fulton and Clayton Counties.

Contents

[edit] History

Hartsfield-Jackson had its beginnings with a five-year, rent free lease on 287 acres that had been the home of an abandoned auto racetrack. The lease was signed on April 16, 1925 by Mayor Walter Sims, who committed the city to develop it into an airfield. As part of the agreement, the property was renamed Candler Field after its former owner, Coca-Cola tycoon and former Atlanta mayor Asa Candler. The first flight into Candler Field was on September 15, 1926, a Florida Airways mail plane flying from Jacksonville. In May 1928, Pitcairn Aviation began service to Atlanta, followed in June 1930 by Delta Air Service. Later these two airlines, known as Eastern Air Lines and Delta Air Lines, respectively, would both use Atlanta as their chief hubs.

Candler Field's first control tower was opened March 1939 and in October 1940 the U.S. government declared it an air base. During World War II, the airport doubled in size and set a record of 1,700 takeoffs and landings in a single day, making it the nation's busiest airport in terms of flight operation.

In 1946 Candler Field was renamed Atlanta Municipal Airport. In 1948, more than one million passengers passed through a war surplus hangar that served as a terminal building. On June 1, 1956 an Eastern Airlines flight to Montreal, Canada was the first international flight out of Atlanta. In 1957, Atlanta had their first jet flight: a Sud Aviation Caravelle from Washington D.C. That same year, work on a new terminal was begun to help alleviate congestion. Atlanta was the busiest airport in the country with more than two million passengers passing through that year and, between noon and 2 p.m. each day, it became the busiest airport in the world.

On May 3, 1961, the new $21 million terminal opened, the largest in the country, being able to accommodate over six million travelers a year. The new airport was stretched past its capacity the very first year when nine and half million people passed though. In 1967, the city of Atlanta and the airlines began to work on a master plan for future development of Atlanta Municipal Airport.

Construction was begun on the present midfield terminal in January 1977 under the administration of Mayor Maynard Jackson. It was the largest construction project in the South, costing $500 million. Named for former Atlanta mayor William Berry Hartsfield, who did much to promote air travel, William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport opened on September 21, 1980, on-time and under budget. It was designed to accommodate up to 55 million passengers per year and covered 2.5 million square feet (230,000m²). In December 1984 a 9000-foot (3km) fourth parallel runway was completed, and another runway was extended to 11,889 feet (3.6km) the following year.

In 2003, Atlanta's city council voted on October 20 to change the name from Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport to the current Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, in honor of former mayor Maynard Jackson, the first African-American mayor of Atlanta, who had died on June 23, 2003. The council had initially planned on renaming the airport soley for Mayor Jackson, but public outcry, especially by Mayor Hartsfield's descendants, prompted the compromise.

In mid-2005, construction of a fifth runway (10-28) began. It was completed and opened in May 2006. It was added to help ease some of the traffic problems caused by landing small- and mid-size aircraft on the longer runways which are also used by larger planes such as the Boeing 777, which generally require longer takeoff distances than the smaller planes.

[edit] Layout

Hartsfield-Jackson International is the chief hub to Delta Air Lines and mostly handles air traffic to other parts of the United States and Canada. Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport has international service to Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. It has two terminals where passengers check in, the North Terminal and the South Terminal (in reality, these are just the north and south sides of one large building, and not two separate terminals). The middle part of this building is the so-called main terminal, used for security screening, before passengers head to their aircraft councourses. Airside councourses are arranged successively in distance from the terminal as Concourses T, A, B, C and D and E (the international terminal, which was opened in 1996 in time for the summer Olympic games). All concourses are accessible via the underground train and intermittent moving sidewalks.

Image:Atlantaterminal2.jpg

Six concourses exist for passenger boarding. Moving sidewalks and an underground "people mover" train made by Adtranz (Now acquired by Bombardier) connect the concourses, and the terminals building. Concourse T is attached to the terminal, and was formerly for international flights, before Concourse E was built prior to the 1996 Centennial Summer Olympics. Unfortunately, there are no moving sidewalks within the concourses themselves and it is quite a distance to walk from the far end of one to the middle, where escalators descend to the train. This makes Hartsfield-Jackson a less user-friendly facility than similarly-sized facilities such as Detroit's and Denver's.

Hartsfield-Jackson also has its own train station on the city's rapid transit system, MARTA. The above-ground station is inside in the main building, between the north and south terminals on the west end. Built as part of the airport, it was not connected until the south line could be extended to it in 1988. It is currently the southernmost point on MARTA, though there are talks of adding a second station for a planned second terminal. This could possibly be a substitute for adding a second people-mover.

[edit] Expansion

Major construction projects are underway at the airport during the 2000s, each part of an overall expansion plan costing several billion dollars.

A fifth runway opened on May 27, 2006. It bridges Interstate 285 (the Perimeter) on the south side of the airport. The massive project, which involved putting fill dirt eleven stories high in some places, destroyed some surrounding neighborhoods, and families will only be able to visit two cemeteries on the property occasionally. At the cost of $1.28 billion, this 9,000 foot runway is the first addition to the Atlanta airport since 1984. The fifth runway is expected to increase the capacity for landings and take-offs by 40%, from an average of 184 flights per hour to 237 flights per hour [3].

Along with the construction of the fifth runway, a new control tower was built to see the entire length of the runway. The new control tower is the tallest airport control tower in the United States, with a height of over 398 feet. The old control tower, 585 feet away from the new control tower, was demolished August 5, 2006.

In July 2003, current Atlanta mayor Shirley Franklin announced a second international concourse, which will also have its own terminal. The new terminal will be called the Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr. International Terminal. It was slated to open in 2006, however time and cost overruns led general manager Ben DeCosta to cancel the design contract in August 2005. The very next day the company sued the airport claiming "fraud" and "bad faith", blaming the airport authority for the problems.[4] Recently, Ben DeCosta awarded a new design contract on the new international terminal to Gateway Designers. It is expected to be completed in 2010.

Also scheduled to be completed for 2010 (though it too may be pushed back now) is a South Gate Complex, a new terminal south of the current terminals. The new terminal is expected to include approximately 31 gates.

The Consolidated Rent-A-Car (CONRAC) facility, scheduled for completion by 2009, will house all Airport rental agencies. An automated people mover will connect the facility to the airport and to the Gateway Center of the Georgia International Convention Center.

The thirty-five year old runway 8R-26L was rehabbed and reopened on November 17, 2006.

There have been concerns that income to cover the cost of these projects may decline due to Delta's bankruptcy filing. Delta passengers account for a majority of those passing through the airport.

[edit] Check-in and baggage claim

[edit] North Terminal

Image:Atlantaterminal1.jpg

[edit] South Terminal

[edit] Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr. International Terminal

  • (to be built in 2010+)

This is to be located on the east side of the airport, near the Delta Air Lines Jet Base, on a site that has been occupied by air cargo facilities and the midfield control tower. The airport transit system will be extended to connect to the new terminal. Unlike the present situation, arriving international passengers whose final destination is Atlanta will be able to retain possession of their baggage as they proceed to exit the airport.

[edit] South Gate Complex

  • (To be built in 2010+) This concourse will be labeled the G Gates and will have 31 gates.

[edit] Terminals and Airlines

[edit] Concourse T

  • American Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, New York-LaGuardia)
  • Delta Air Lines (Domestic and Transborder)<b> (Albany (NY), Akron/Canton, Albuquerque, Anchorage (seasonal), Austin, Baltimore/Washington, Birmingham (AL), Boise, Boston, Bozeman (seasonal), Buffalo, Burbank (seasonal), Calgary (seasonal), Charleston (SC), Charlotte, Chicago-O'Hare, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Colorado Springs, Columbia (SC), Columbus (OH), Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Daytona Beach, Denver, Detroit, El Paso, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fort Walton Beach, Greensboro/High Point/Winston-Salem, Greenville/Spartanburg (SC), Gulfport/Biloxi, Hartford, Hayden/Steamboat Springs [begins December 23, 2006] (seasonal), Honolulu, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jackson (MS), Jackson Hole (seasonal), Jacksonville, Kahului, Kansas City, Knoxville, Las Vegas, Lexington, Little Rock, Los Angeles, Louisville, Melbourne, Memphis, Miami, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile/Pascagoula, Montréal, Montrose/Telluride [begins December 23, 2006] (seasonal), Myrtle Beach, Nashville, Newport News/Virginia Beach, New Orleans, New York-JFK, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Norfolk/Virginia Beach, Oakland, Oklahoma City, Ontario, Orange County, Orlando, Palm Springs (seasonal), Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, Richmond, Rochester (NY), Sacramento, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San Juan, Sarasota/Bradenton, Savannah, Seattle/Tacoma, Syracuse, Tallahassee, Tampa, Toronto-Pearson, Tucson, Vail (seasonal), Vancouver, Washington-Dulles, Washington-Reagan, West Palm Beach, Wichita)
  • United Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, Denver, San Francisco)

[edit] Concourse A (Delta)

[edit] Concourse B (Delta)

[edit] Concourse C

  • AirTran Airways (Akron, Baltimore/Washington, Bloomington, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago-Midway, Dallas/Fort Worth, Daytona Beach [begins January 11, 2007], Dayton, Denver, Detroit, Flint, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Grand Bahama Island, Gulfport/Biloxi, Houston-Hobby, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Memphis, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Moline, New Orleans, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Newburgh [begins January 11, 2007], Newport News, Orlando, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix [begins February 15, 2007], Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rochester (NY), San Francisco, Sarasota/Bradenton, Savannah, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa, Washington-Dulles, Washington-Reagan, West Palm Beach, White Plains, Wichita)
  • Delta Air Lines
    • Delta Connection operated by Atlantic Southeast Airlines (Aguadilla, Akron/Canton, Albany (GA), Albany (NY), Alexandria, Allentown/Bethlehem, Appleton, Asheville, Atlantic City, Augusta, Austin, Bangor, Baton Rouge, Binghamton, Birmingham (AL), Brunswick, Buffalo/Niagara Falls, Burlington, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (SC), Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Charlottesville, Chattanooga, Chicago-Midway, Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Columbus (GA), Columbus/Starkville (MS), Corpus Christi, Daytona Beach, Des Moines, Detroit, Dothan, Erie, Evansville, Fayetteville (AR), Fayetteville (NC), Flint, Florence, Fort Walton Beach, Freeport, Gainesville (FL), Grand Rapids, Greenville/Spartanburg, Guadalajara, Gulfport/Biloxi, Harrisburg, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Huntsville, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Killeen, Key West, Kinston [ends January 6, 2007], Knoxville, Lafayette, Lexington, Little Rock, Long Island/Islip, Lynchburg, Macon, Madison, Manchester (NH), Marathon [begins February 15, 2007], McAllen, Melbourne, Memphis, Meridian, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile, Moline/Quad Cities, Monroe, Monterrey, Montgomery, Montréal, Myrtle Beach, Naples, Nashville [ends December 15, 2006], New Orleans [ends December 15, 2006], New York-JFK [ends December 15, 2006], Newport News, Norfolk [ends November 30, 2006], Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ottawa, Panama City, Pensacola, Peoria, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Providence, Providenciales, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), St. Croix, St. Louis, San Antonio, Savannah, Shreveport, Sioux Falls, Springfield/Branson, Syracuse, Tallahassee, Toledo, Toronto-Pearson, Tri-Cities (TN), Tulsa, Tupelo, Valdosta, White Plains, Wichita, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, Wilmington (DE), Wilmington (NC))
    • Delta Connection operated by Chautauqua Airlines (Asheville, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Evansville, Fayetteville (AR), Fort Wayne, Greenville/Spartanburg, Indianapolis, New Orleans, Richmond, South Bend)
    • Delta Connection operated by Comair (Akron/Canton, Burlington, Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Chicago-Midway, Dayton, Greensboro/High Point/Winston-Salem, Green Bay, Harrisburg, Lansing, Lexington, Madison, New York-JFK, Norfolk/Williamsburg, Richmond, Roanoke, St. Louis, Toronto-Pearson, Trenton [begins December 18, 2006])
    • Delta Connection operated by Freedom Airlines (Akron/Canton, Baton Rouge, Bloomington, Charlotte, Columbia (SC), Dayton, Greenville/Spartanburg, Gulfport/Biloxi, Huntsville, Knoxville, Lexington, Newport News, Orlando, Tallahassee, Tri-Cities (TN))
    • Delta Connection operated by Shuttle America (Austin, Charlotte, Chicago-Midway, Chicago-O'Hare, Columbus, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Gulfport/Biloxi, Houston-Hobby, Houston-Intercontinental, Knoxville, Indianapolis, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Moline/Quad Cities, New York-JFK, Newport News, San Antonio, Sarasota/Bradenton [begins December 15, 2006])
    • Delta Connection operated by SkyWest (Memphis, Milwaukee, Pittsburgh) (begins December 1, 2006)

[edit] Concourse D

[edit] International Concourse E

  • Air France (Paris-Charles de Gaulle)
  • Air Jamaica (Montego Bay)
  • British Airways (London-Gatwick)
  • Delta Air Lines <b>(International)<b> (Acapulco, Amsterdam, Antigua, Aruba, Athens (seasonal), Barbados, Barcelona (seasonal), Belize City, Bermuda, Bogotá, Brussels, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Cancún, Caracas, Copenhagen, Dakar, Dubai [begins May 31, 2007], Dublin, Düsseldorf, Edinburgh, Frankfurt, Grand Cayman, Guayaquil, Johannesburg, Liberia (CR), Lima, London-Gatwick, Madrid, Manchester (UK), Martinique [begins December 16, 2006], Mexico City, Milan-Malpensa, Montego Bay, Moscow-Sheremetyevo, Mumbai, Munich, Nassau, Panama City, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Pointe-a-Pitre [begins December 13, 2006], Port of Spain [begins December 9, 2006], Prague [begins May 2, 2007], Providenciales, Puerto Plata [begins December 15, 2006], Puerto Vallarta (seasonal), Punta Cana, Quito, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Roatán, Rome-Fiumicino, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, St. Thomas, San José (CR), San José del Cabo, San Salvador, Santiago de los Caballeros [begins December 9, 2006], Santiago de Chile, Santo Domingo, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Seoul-Incheon [begins June 4, 2007], Shannon, Stuttgart, Tel Aviv, Tobago [begins February 17, 2007], Tokyo-Narita, Venice, Vienna [begins May 21, 2007], Zürich)
  • KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (Amsterdam)
  • Korean Air (Seoul-Incheon)
  • Lufthansa (Frankfurt)

[edit] International Concourse F

This is to be located on the east side of the airport, near the Delta Air Lines Jet Base, on a site that has been occupied by air cargo facilities and the midfield control tower. The airport transit system will be extended to connect to the new terminal. Unlike the present situation, arriving international passengers whose final destination is Atlanta will be able to retain possession of their baggage as they proceed to exit the airport. It is expected to open at least in 2010. This concourse will have 10 new gates and a new customs facility.

[edit] South Gate Complex

See above section labeled Expansion

[edit] Cargo airlines

[edit] Accidents and incidents

[edit] Involving planes scheduled to arrive at Hartsfield

[edit] Trivia

  • Fifty-seven percent of Hartsfield-Jackson's airport passengers do not stay in Atlanta, but go on connection flights elsewhere.
  • Denver International Airport is based somewhat on Atlanta's concourses and transportation systems. A system of tramways (the same Bombardier series of trains) connect the Terminal with the three concourses, Concourses A, B, and C. The only pedestrian way of transportation, however, is the sky bridge between the Terminal and Concourse A. Denver's airport, also, does not have a Concourse T in the Terminal.
  • The train that runs between the concourses has a recorded female voice that identifies each stop using the NATO phonetic alphabet: "The next stop is Concourse B. Concourse B as in 'Bravo'." However, Concourse D is referred to as "'D' as in 'David'" rather than the correct "'D' as in 'Delta'", to avoid confusion with Delta Air Lines (which mostly operates out of Concourses A and B).
  • Air traffic controllers for tower and ground control operations referring to the letter "D" use the word "Dixie" instead of "Delta" to avoid confusion with Delta Air Lines aircraft.

[edit] External links

 

Atlanta landmarks
Atlanta Botanical Garden | Atlanta Civic Center | Atlanta Cyclorama | Atlanta History Center | Atlanta Symphony Hall | Atlantic Station | Bobby Dodd Stadium | Centennial Olympic Park | Chattahoochee River | Clermont Lounge | CNN Center | Fernbank Museum of Natural History | Fernbank Science Center | Fox Theatre | Georgia Aquarium | Georgia Dome | Georgia Governor's Mansion | Georgia State Capitol | Georgia World Congress Center | Grant Park | Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport | High Museum of Art | Jimmy Carter Library and Museum | Lenox Square | Margaret Mitchell House & Museum | Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Site | Oakland Cemetery | Philips Arena | Phipps Plaza | Piedmont Park | Stone Mountain | The Varsity | Turner Field | Underground Atlanta | Woodruff Arts Center | Woodruff Park | World of Coca-Cola | Zoo Atlanta
Former: Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium | Coca-Cola Olympic City | Loew's Grand Theatre | Omni Coliseum | SciTrek | Rich's

 

Airports of metro Atlanta
International: Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL)
Municipal: Cobb County Airport (RYY) | Cherokee County Airport (47A) | Clayton County Airport (4A7) | Cartersville Airport (VPC) | Gwinnett County Airport (LZU) | Coweta County Airport (CCO) | Peachtree-DeKalb Airport (PDK) | Fulton County Airport (FTY) | Paulding County Airport (tba)
Military: Naval Air Station Atlanta and Dobbins Air Reserve Base (MGE)

 

Atlanta history
1861 Atlanta in the Civil War | 1864 Atlanta Campaign | 1868 Georgia State Capitol moved | 1881 International Cotton Exposition | 1888 Coca-Cola invented | 1890 Grady Memorial Hospital opens | 1895 Cotton States and International Exposition | 1915 Leo Frank lynching | 1926 Candler Field opens | 1935 Techwood Homes opens | 1946 CDC opens | 1960s American civil rights movement | 1979 MARTA opens | 1980 Hartsfield Airport opens | 1988 Democratic National Convention | 1989 Underground Atlanta reopens | 1994 Super Bowl XXVIII | 1996 Centennial Olympics | 2000 Super Bowl XXXIV

de:Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport

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