Heterodoxy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This article is about the religious use of the term heterodoxy. For the conservative newsmagazine published in the United States, please see Heterodoxy (magazine).
Heterodoxy includes "any opinions or doctrines at variance with an official or orthodox position". <ref>Definition of orthodoxy from WordNet</ref> As an adjective, heterodox is used to describe a subject as "characterized by departure from accepted beliefs or standards" (status quo). The noun heterodoxy is synonymous with unorthodoxy and heresy, while the adjective heterodox is synonymous with dissident and heretical.
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[edit] Ecclesiastic usage
[edit] Eastern Orthodoxy
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the term is used to refer to Christian churches not belonging to the Eastern Orthodox communion and holding doctrines different from those of Orthodox Christianity, but not as different or thought to be as erroneous as heresy.
[edit] Roman Catholicism
Heterodoxy in the Roman Catholic Church refers to views that differ from strictly orthodox views, but retain sufficient faithfulness to the original doctrine to avoid heresy. Many Roman Catholics profess some heterodox views, either on doctrinal or social issues. For example, the orthodox Catholic position on unbaptized infants is that their fate is uncertain, and "the Church can only entrust them to the mercy of God" (Catechism of the Catholic Church 1261). A heterodox Catholic might profess the belief that unbaptized infants are offered the option to accept or deny salvation by God at their judgment. The belief is not orthodox, as the Church does not profess a belief as to what happens to unbaptized infants; however, it is also not heresy, as the Church accepts that such a scenario might be possible. One who denied the doctrine of "Original Sin," thereby negating the necessity of baptism for children, would be a heretic.
[edit] Other denominations
The term heterodox is occasionally used by some Christians to refer to themselves when they are in disagreement with orthodox understandings, but voice this disagreement while still maintaining the overall value of the tradition. The heterodox Christian therefore remains in the tradition and attempts to stimulate constructive dialog around issues with which they disagree.
[edit] Hinduism
In the Indian subcontinent, before the emergence of sects such as Buddhists, Jains, Keshakambalins, Ajivikas etc. during the 5th and 4th centuries BC, religion in India attained a new meaning. More and more people began converting themselves to these new sects as they did not embrace the caste system. A majority of these converts, were from the lower caste seeking an avenue in which they could be treated equally by society. However most of these new sects died out, with the exceptions of Buddhism and Jainism.
These sects had a profound influence on Hinduism as well. It was soon realised that some of the drawbacks of Hindusim had a solution in some of the teachings of these heterodox saints. Many principles of these sects,notably Buddhism, were amalgamated into Hindu philosophy and way of life, notably the teachings of Dharma(duty), Karma and Ahimsa (non-violence).
[edit] Footnotes
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