Interstate 80
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Image:I-80.svg | |
| Interstate 80 Main route of the Interstate Highway System | |
| Image:Interstate 80 map.png | |
| Length: | 2902.51 mi (4671 km) |
|---|---|
| West end: | Image:US 101 (CA).svg US 101 in San Francisco, CA |
| Major junctions: | Image:I-5.svg I-5 in Sacramento, CA Image:I-15.svg I-15 in Salt Lake City, UT Image:I-25.svg I-25 in Cheyenne, WY Image:I-35.svg I-35 near Des Moines, IA Image:I-55.svg I-55 near Joliet, IL Image:I-65.svg I-65 in Gary, IN Image:I-94.svg / Image:I-90.svgImage:Indiana Toll Road logo 1968.png I-94 / I-90 IN Toll Rd in Lake Station, IN Image:I-75.svg I-75 near Toledo, OH Image:I-90.svgImage:OhioTurnpike.svg I-90 OH Tpk near Elyria, OH Image:I-81.svg I-81 near Butler, PA |
| East end: | Image:I-95.svgImage:New Jersey Turnpike shield.png I-95/NJTP outside of New York, NY (in Teaneck, NJ) |
|
| |
Interstate 80 (abbreviated I-80) is the second-longest Interstate Highway in the United States. It connects downtown San Francisco, California to Teaneck, New Jersey, a suburb of New York, just as the Lincoln Highway did in the years before the Interstate Highway System. The highway roughly traces some historically significant travel corridors, particularly in the Western U.S. These include the Oregon Trail in Nebraska and westward, the California Trail in Nevada and California, and the Union Pacific Transcontinental Railroad from western Nebraska to San Francisco.
The highway from near Chicago, Illinois east to near Youngstown, Ohio is a toll road - the end-to-end Indiana Toll Road and Ohio Turnpike. At Youngstown I-80 leaves the tolled alignment, which continues towards New York, in favor of the Keystone Shortway, a shortcut across northern Pennsylvania built as part of a new corridor for I-80. The tolled route to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania was originally designated Interstate 80S, and is now Interstate 76. (Sometimes called the "East Coast Escape Route")
Contents |
[edit] Major cities
| Lengths | ||
|---|---|---|
| mi | km | |
| CA | 199.24<ref name="FHWA log">Federal Highway Administration Route Log and Finder List, Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways as of October 31, 2002</ref> | 320.65 |
| NV | 410.67<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 660.91 |
| UT | 196.34<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 315.98 |
| WY | 402.76<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 648.18 |
| NE | 455.32<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 732.77 |
| IA | 306.01 | 492.48 |
| IL | 163.52<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 263.16 |
| IN | 151.56<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 243.91 |
| OH | 237.48<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 382.19 |
| PA | 311.07<ref name="FHWA log"/> | 500.62 |
| NJ | 68.54<ref name=NJDOT>New Jersey Department of Transportation, 2005 Straight Line Diagrams - I-80 (PDF)</ref> | 110.30 |
| 2902.51 | 4671.13 | |
Bolded cities are officially designated control cities for signs.
- San Francisco, California
- Oakland, California
- Berkeley, California
- Sacramento, California
- Reno, Nevada
- Elko, Nevada
- Salt Lake City, Utah
- Evanston, Wyoming
- Rock Springs, Wyoming
- Cheyenne, Wyoming
- Sidney, Nebraska
- North Platte, Nebraska
- Kearney, Nebraska
- Grand Island, Nebraska
- Lincoln, Nebraska
- Omaha, Nebraska
- Council Bluffs, Iowa
- Des Moines, Iowa
- Iowa City, Iowa
- Quad Cities, Iowa-Illinois (Davenport, Iowa)
- Joliet, Illinois
- Chicago, Illinois (bypassed, via Interstate 55, Interstate 57, Interstate 90, or Interstate 94)
- Toledo, Ohio
- Cleveland, Ohio (bypassed)
- Youngstown, Ohio (also signed as Youngstown-Niles)
- Sharon, Pennsylvania
- Clarion, Pennsylvania
- Du Bois, Pennsylvania
- Clearfield, Pennsylvania
- Bellefonte, Pennsylvania
- Williamsport, Pennsylvania (via Interstate 180 (Pennsylvania))
- Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania
- Hazleton, Pennsylvania
- Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
- Delaware Water Gap, Pennsylvania
- Paterson, New Jersey
- New York City, New York (via Interstate 95)
[edit] Intersections with other Interstates
- Interstate 880 and eastbound Interstate 580 in Oakland, California
- Interstate 580 westbound in Richmond, California
- Interstate 780 in Vallejo, California
- Interstate 680 just outside Fairfield, California
- Interstate 505 at Vacaville, California (Map)
- Interstate 5 in Sacramento, California (Map)
- Interstate 15 in Salt Lake City, Utah. They stay joined for 3 miles into South Salt Lake, Utah
- Interstate 215 in Salt Lake City, Utah (Map)
- Interstate 84 in Echo, Utah (near Coalville, Utah
- Interstate 25 in Cheyenne, Wyoming (Map)
- Interstate 76 near Big Springs, Nebraska (Map)
- Interstate 29 in Council Bluffs, Iowa (Map)
- Interstate 35 around Des Moines, Iowa. They stay joined for 14 miles around the north and west sides of the metro area, from West Des Moines to Altoona.
- Interstate 380 in Coralville, Iowa
- Interstate 74 in Bettendorf, Iowa (Map)
- Interstate 88 near East Moline, Illinois ([1])
- Interstate 74 near Colona, Illinois (Map)
- Interstate 39 in La Salle, Illinois (Map)
- Interstate 55 in Joliet, Illinois (Map)
- Interstate 355 in New Lenox, Illinois
- Interstate 57 in Country Club Hills, Illinois (Map)
- Interstate 294 in Homewood, Illinois. They stay joined until Lansing, Illinois, forming part of the Tri-State Tollway.
- Interstate 94 in Lansing, Illinois. They stay joined until Lake Station, Indiana. Known as the Robert Kingery Expressway in Illinois and the Frank Borman Expressway in Indiana.
- Interstate 90 in Lake Station, Indiana. They stay joined until Elyria, Ohio. Known as the Indiana Toll Road in Indiana and the Ohio Turnpike in Ohio.
- Interstate 65 in Lake Station, Indiana (Map)
- Interstate 69 near Fremont, Indiana (Map)
- Interstate 75 in Perrysburg, Ohio (Map)
- Interstate 71 in Strongsville, Ohio (Map)
- Interstate 77 in Brecksville, Ohio (Map)
- Interstate 76 in North Jackson, Ohio (Map)
- Interstate 79 in Pardoe, Pennsylvania (near Mercer, Pennsylvania) (Map)
- Interstate 81 in St. Johns, Pennsylvania (near Hazleton, Pennsylvania) (Map)
- Interstate 476 in White Haven, Pennsylvania (Map)
- Interstate 287 in Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey (Map)
- Interstate 95 in Teaneck, New Jersey (Map)
[edit] Auxiliary routes
| Auxiliary routes of Interstate 80 | |
| I-180 | Illinois - Nebraska - Pennsylvania - Wyoming |
| I-280 | California - Illinois/Iowa - New Jersey - Ohio |
| I-380 | California - Iowa - Pennsylvania |
| I-480 | Iowa/Nebraska - Ohio |
| I-580 | California - Nevada |
| I-680 | California - Iowa/Nebraska - Ohio |
| I-780 | California |
| I-880 | California |
| I-980 | California |
| past/ future | I-180: California - Pennsylvania - I-280: Iowa/Nebraska - Pennsylvania - I-480: California - Pennsylvania - I-580: Nebraska - I-680: Pennsylvania |
[edit] California
- Interstate 280 runs from downtown San Francisco south to San Jose, where it becomes I-680 at U.S. Route 101. There is no freeway-to-freeway connection between I-280 and I-80 in San Francisco.
- Interstate 380 runs east from I-280 to San Francisco International Airport and is signed as the Quentin Kopp Freeway. There is no direct connection with I-80.
- Interstate 480 was the Embarcadero Freeway in downtown San Francisco, now demolished. Oddly, this freeway was signed as </I>State Route</I> 480.
- Interstate 580 runs from I-80 in Oakland southeast and east to I-5 south of Tracy, forming part of the route between the Bay Area and Los Angeles. From Oakland it continues north with I-80 to Richmond, where it splits northwest to San Rafael across the San Rafael Bridge. The segment between Oakland and San Rafael was formerly designated as CA-17.
- Interstate 680 runs from I-80 near Fairfield south across I-580 to the south end of I-280 at US 101 in San Jose.
- Interstate 780 connects I-80 in Vallejo to I-680 at Benicia. In the past, this segment was designated as I-680.
- Interstate 880 runs from I-80 in Oakland south to I-280 in San Jose. The number was originally used for the Sacramento bypass, now part of I-80. It is also known as the Nimitz Freeway. In the past, I-880 was known as CA-17.
- Interstate 980 is a short connection between I-580 and I-880 in Downtown Oakland.
- Interstate 180 was a temporary designation for the Richmond-San Rafael section of I-580. It was renumbered because California already had a State Route 180.
- Interstate 238 is a short connection between I-580 and I-880 near Hayward. Formerly part of State Route 238, it was assigned a nonstandard number because all possible auxiliary numbers of I-80 were in use. It is thus not an auxiliary route of I-80, but it would have been if the situation was different at the time.
[edit] Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Nebraska, Iowa and Illinois
- Interstate 580 is a partially-completed unsigned spur from I-80 in Reno, Nevada south to Carson City.
- Interstate 180 is a spur into downtown Cheyenne, Wyoming. It falls far short of meeting Interstate standards, as no part of it is a freeway.
- Interstate 180 is a spur into downtown Lincoln, Nebraska.
- Interstate 480 is a short half-loop through downtown Omaha, Nebraska, from I-80 north and east to I-29 in Council Bluffs, Iowa.
- Interstate 580 was a spur from I-480 north along U.S. Route 75.
- Interstate 680 is a bypass around the north side of Omaha, Nebraska and Council Bluffs, Iowa.
- Interstate 380 is a spur from near Iowa City, Iowa north past Cedar Rapids into Waterloo.
- Interstate 280 is a half-loop around the south side of the Quad Cities, from I-80 west of Davenport, Iowa to I-80 and I-74 east of Moline, Illinois.
- Interstate 180 is a spur to Hennepin, Illinois.
[edit] Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New Jersey
- Interstate 280 is a spur from I-80 (and I-90) southeast of Toledo, Ohio northwest to I-75 in Toledo.
- Interstate 480 is a loop through the south side of Cleveland, Ohio.
- Interstate 680 is a connection through downtown Youngstown, Ohio, from I-80 northwest of downtown to I-76 south of downtown.
- Interstate 180 is a spur to Williamsport, Pennsylvania.
- Interstate 380 is a spur from near Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania northwest to I-81 and I-84 near Scranton.
- Interstate 280 runs from I-80 in Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey southeast through downtown Newark to I-95 near Jersey City.
[edit] Suffixed routes
- Interstate 80N is now Interstate 84 from I-80 at Echo, Utah northwest to Portland, Oregon.
- Interstate 180N is now Interstate 184, a spur into Boise, Idaho.
- Interstate 80S is now Interstate 76 from I-80 at Big Springs, Nebraska southwest to Denver, Colorado.
- Interstate 80N is now part of Interstate 680, connecting I-80 to I-29 north of Council Bluffs, Iowa.
- Interstate 80N was roughly replaced with Interstate 480 through Cleveland, Ohio, though its original route continued in both directions.
- Interstate 80S is now Interstate 76 from I-71 near Lodi, Ohio to I-80 near Youngstown, Ohio and beyond to near Camden, New Jersey.
- Interstate 176, Interstate 276, Interstate 476 and Interstate 676 in Pennsylvania and New Jersey were once I-180, I-280, I-480 and I-680.
[edit] Notes
- The highway reaches a maximum elevation of 8,640 feet (2,633 m) above sea level between Cheyenne and Laramie, Wyoming. Farther west in Wyoming, the interstate passes the Continental Divide twice because two lines of mountains form a closed-off basin.
- Among many picturesque sections of I-80 are the crossing of San Francisco Bay over the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge (toll paid westbound only), the view of the Golden Gate from Berkeley, the traverse above Donner Pass and Donner Lake (near Lake Tahoe) in California, and its run along the Truckee River both west and east of Reno, Nevada. Interstate 80 crosses the southern end of Great Salt Lake Desert west of Salt Lake City, Utah, providing views of various mountains, although it incorporates a very long stretch of straight roadway that can induce some drivers to fall asleep. Also in that category, is the stretch of I-80 from east of Rock Springs, WY to Laramie, WY (around 200 miles). It passes through the Red Desert just prior to Rawlins and is always very windy.
- The longest stretch in between exits on an Interstate Highway is between Wendover and Knolls in Utah, with 37 miles between those exits.
- I-80 intersects I-90 near Elyria, Ohio and they share a route all the way to Portage, Indiana, where I-90 splits off but I-80 then runs concurrently with I-94 until the Chicago suburb of South Holland, Illinois. I-80 then runs concurrently with I-294 until Markham, Illinois.
- All of I-80 in Indiana is duplexed with another interstate, such as I-90 or I-94.
- Contrary to the opinions of some interstate enthusiasts, the longest straight (by any reasonable definition of "straight") stretch of interstate anywhere in the system is the approximately 72 miles of I-80 occurring between Exit 318 and milemarker 390 in Nebraska. Along this length the road does not vary from an ideally straight line by more than a few yards.
- Although Interstate 80 does not enter Colorado, it does manage to come within a mile of the border between Nebraska and Colorado at the junction of Interstates 80 and 76. This intersection is visible from Colorado as one approaches it from the west on I-76.
- Although it never enters Michigan, Interstate 80 (with Interstate 90) lies within ten miles (16.1 km) of the Michigan state line between La Porte, Indiana and Toledo, Ohio. Looking north at the intersection of State Road 9 and I-80, the "Welcome to Michigan" sign is visible in the distance. At one point in northern Indiana, I-80 comes within about 200 yards (meters) from the Michigan border.
- I-80 does not go all the way to New York City via the George Washington Bridge. Its designated end is about four miles (6.4 km) short of New York City in Teaneck, New Jersey. There, it joins and becomes designated as I-95, which does cross the bridge. This has led to some confusion because this I-95 segment is also signed with "TO I-80" signs heading southbound from the George Washington Bridge, and many maps show this section as I-80/95. The tolled section of the New Jersey Turnpike ends at exit 18, which is actually just the toll plaza at the northern terminus. The next exit on I-95 is exit 68, which is consistent with the exit numbering on I-80. (The truth is that the exit numbers on this section of I-95 match the mile markers on I-95 had the Somerset Freeway been built. The fact that they are similar to what the exit numbers are on I-80 is just a coincidence.)
- A portion of the route through Pinole, California involved the experimental transplantation of the rare species Santa Cruz tarweed in the right-of-way.
- Part of Interstate 80 in Nebraska is known as the Blue Star Memorial Highway.
- The portion of 80 that goes through New Jersey is sometimes called the Bergen-Passaic Expressway.
- The portion of Interstate 80 through Ohio that is part of the Ohio Turnpike is designated the "James W. Shocknessy Ohio Turnpike."
[edit] Major bridges on I-80
- San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge
- Al Zampa Bridge; a newer suspension bridge. It is one of the spans of the Carquinez Bridge.
- Fred Schwengel Memorial Bridge
- Des Plaines River Bridge
[edit] See also
- Interstate 80 by state:
- Interstate 80 in California
- Interstate 80 in Nevada
- Interstate 80 in Pennsylvania
- Interstate 80 in New Jersey
[edit] External links
- Other links
[edit] References
<references/>
| Main Interstate Highways (major in pink) | Image:I-blank.svg | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 19 | 20 | 22 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 29 |
| 30 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 40 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 49 | 55 | 57 | 59 | 64 | 65 | 66 | |
| 66 (W) | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 (W) | 76 (E) | 77 | 78 | |||
| 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 (W) | 84 (E) | 85 | 86 (W) | 86 (E) | 87 | |||||
| 88 (W) | 88 (E) | 89 | 90 | 91 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 99 | (238) | ||||
| H-1 | H-2 | H-3 | |||||||||||||
| Unsigned | A-1 | A-2 | A-3 | A-4 | PRI-1 | PRI-2 | PRI-3 | ||||||||
| Lists | Main - Auxiliary - Suffixed - Business - Proposed - Unsigned Gaps - Intrastate - Interstate standards - Replaced | ||||||||||||||
fr:Interstate 80 ja:州間高速道路80号線
Categories: Interstate Highway System | Interstate Highways in California | Interstate Highways in Illinois | Interstate Highways in Indiana | Interstate Highways in Iowa | Interstate Highways in Nebraska | Interstate Highways in Nevada | Interstate Highways in New Jersey | Interstate Highways in Pennsylvania | Interstate Highways in Ohio | Interstate Highways in Utah | Interstate Highways in Wyoming | Blue Star Memorial Highways | Interstate 80
