List of Presidents of Colombia

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This is a list of the persons that have been President of the Republic of Colombia and of the same territory under different names throughout history.

1 The Republic of Greater Colombia (1819-1831)
2 The Republic of New Granada (1831-1858)
3 The Grenadine Confederation (1858-1863)
4 The United States of Colombia (1863-1884)
5 Republic of Colombia (1886 to date)
6 See also

[edit] The Republic of Greater Colombia (1819-1831)

Under the Constitution of 1821, the President was the head of the executive power. and its time in office was the lifetime of the incumbent. The executive power had also Vicepresidents that assumed in case of death, demotion or illness of the President. Before the Aproval of the Constitution of 1821 by the Congress of Villa del Rosario the President de Facto was Simon Bolívar, and the Vicepresident Francisco de Paula Santander, because the Congress of Angostura provisionally gave them that title until the Constitution was written.

The Republic of Greater Colombia comprised the former territories of the Viceroyalty of the New Grenada, the Capitaincy of Venezuela and the Audience of Quito (Today Ecuador).

Term			Incumbent	Notes
17 December 1819	to	September 1819	Simón Bolívar As declared by the Congress of Angostura
September 1819	to	January 1823	Francisco de Paula Santander Vicepresident acting President because of the abscence of Bolivar that was fighting the Spanish in Peru and Bolivia.
September 1827	to	January 1830	Simón Bolívar	Extraordinary powers granted by the Congress under the Decree of State of Siege of 1827, after the September conspiracy.

[edit] The Republic of New Granada (1831-1858)

Term			Incumbent	Notes
2 May 1831	to	October 1832	Joaquín Mosquera (head of provisional government)
October 1832	to	March 1837	Francisco de Paula Santander
March 1837	to	May 1841	José Ignacio de Márquez
May 1841	to	March 1844	Pedro Alcántara Herrán
March 1844	to	April 1845	General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera (acting president)
April 1845	to	March 1849	General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera	deposed in a coup d'état
March 1849	to	April 1853	José Hilario López
April 1853	to	1854	General José María Obando	deposed in a coup d'état
1854	to	1854	General José María Melo	deposed in a coup d'état
1854	to	1855	José de Obaldía	deposed in a coup d'état
April 1855	to	April 1857	Manuel Maria Mallarino
April 1857	to	May 1858	Mariano Ospina Rodríguez

[edit] The Grenadine Confederation (1858-1863)

Term			Incumbent
May 1858	to	March 1861	Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
March 1861	to	November 1861	Bartolomé Calvo
November 1862	to	February 1863	General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera

[edit] The United States of Colombia (1863-1884)

Term			Incumbent	Political Party or Ideology	Notes
February 1863	to	June 1863	Froilán Largarcha (acting president)
June 1863	to	April 1864	General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
April 1864	to	April 1864	Juan Agustín Uricoechea (acting president)
April 1864	to	March 1866	Manuel Murillo Toro
March 1866	to	March 1866	José María Rojas Garrido (acting president)
March 1866	to	May 1867	General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
May 1867	to	April 1868	General Santos Acosta
April 1868	to	April 1870	General Santiago Gutiérrez
April 1870	to	April 1872	General Eustorgio Salgar
April 1872	to	April 1874	Manuel Murillo Toro
April 1874	to	April 1876	Santiago Pérez
April 1876	to	April 1878	Aquileo Parra
April 1878	to	April 1880	Julián Trujillo
April 1880	to	April 1882	Rafael Núñez	Liberal Disidency
April 1882	to	December 1882	Francisco Javier Zaldúa		Died in office
December 1882	to	April 1883	Climaco Calderón (acting president)
April 1883	to	April 1884	José Eusebio Otálora
April 1884	to	August 1884	Ezequiel Hurtado (acting president)

[edit] Republic of Colombia (1886 to date)

After the Supremes War, the economic chaos of the Federal Period, the ex-President Rafael Núñez decides in a second term under the Constitution of Rionegro to draft a new one. The Constitution of 1886 Under that text the President was the chief of the executive power for 6 years with indefinite reelection (This changed in 1910 to 4 years with non-immediate reelection), and the Senate elected the Designate that acted as President when he died, was absent or deposed.

We must remark, that the Constitution of 1886 has been one of the longest lasting constitutions in the western hemisphere, and with the Reforms of 1910, 1936, 1958, 1968, 1973 and 1986 was the constitution of Colombia until 1991, when a new one was drafted. The Constitution of 1991 is still the constitution of the Republic.

Term			Incumbent	Political Party or Ideology	Notes
August 1884	to	May 1890	Rafael Núñez	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)	Name of State changed to "Republic of Colombia". Originally elected under Constitution of 1863 for 2 years, in 1886 the new Constitution confirms him as presidents under a new rule, 6 years, counting since 1884.
May 1887	to	August 1887	Eliseo Payán	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)	Designate of Nuñez, because of an illness.
August 1887	to	August 1890	Rafael Núñez	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)
August 1890	to	September 1896	Rafael Núñez	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)
September 1894	to	1896	Miguel Antonio Caro	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)	Nuñez was reelected and Caro as Designate assumes power because of Nuñez's desicion to retire from politics.
1896	to	August 1898	Miguel Antonio Caro	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)
August 1898	to	August 1898	José Manuel Marroquín	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)	Designate by order of the Congress after Caro's illness. Presidential elections were ordered in May 1898, Caro resigned.
August 1898	to	July 1900	Manuel Antonio Sanclemente	National Party - Regeneration Movement (Supported by Conservative Party)	Died in office
July 1900	to	August 1904	José Manuel Marroquín	National Conservatives Faction	As Designate becames President after the death of Sanclemente
August 7 1904	to	July 26 1909	Rafael Reyes	No official political affiliation, Supported by National Conservatives Faction and Moderate Liberals	Forced to Resign
July 26 1909	to	July 2 1910	General Jorge Holguín	National Conservatives Faction	Provisional Presdident - Resigned for personal reasons.
July 2 1910	to	August 7 1910	Ramón González Valencia	National Conservatives Faction	Designated by the Senate until elections to be held in August 7, 1910
August 7 1910	to	August 7 1914	Carlos Eduardo Restrepo	Republican Union
August 7 1914	to	August 7 1918	José Vicente Concha	Conservative Party
August 7 1918	to	November 1921	Marco Fidel Suárez	Conservative Party	Forced to resign because of the political turmoil caused by the popular animosity toward his policies.
11 November 1921	to	August 7 1922	General Jorge Holguín	Conservative Party	Designated by the Senate
7 August 1922	to	August 7 1926	General Pedro Nel Ospina	Conservative Party
7 August 1926	to	August 7 1930	Miguel Abadía Méndez	Conservative Party
7 August 1930	to	August 7 1934	Enrique Olaya Herrera	Liberal Party
7 August 1934	to	August 7 1938	Alfonso López Pumarejo	Liberal Party
7 August 1938	to	August 7 1942	Eduardo Santos	Liberal Party
7 August 1942	to	July 3 1945	Alfonso López Pumarejo	Liberal Party	Reelected and Resigned before a probable impeachment.
July 3 1945	to	7 August 1945	Alberto Lleras Camargo	Liberal Party	Minister of the Interior and Designate.
7 August 1946	to	7 August 1950	Luis Mariano Ospina Pérez	Conservative Party
7 August 1950	to	13 June 1951	Laureano Gómez Castro	Conservative Party	Taken ill.
13 June 1951	to	13 June 1953	Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez	Conservative Party	Designate
13 June 1953	to	10 May 1957	General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla	Civic-military government, initially supported by both Liberal and Conservative Parties	Resigned threathened of demotion by the Liberals and Conservatives allied by the Pact of Benidorm, under the name of National Front
10 May 1957	to	13 February 1958	General Gabriel París Gordillo President and Head of Military Junta	Provisional authority until the celebration of the Plebiscite of 1958, favoring the National Front and the Pact of Benidorm.
7 August 1958	to	August 7 1962	Alberto Lleras Camargo	Liberal Party	National Front Alternance Accords
7 August 1962	to	August 7 1966	Guillermo León Valencia	Conservative Party	National Front Alternance Accords
7 August 1966	to	7 August 1970	Carlos Lleras Restrepo	Liberal Party	National Front Alternance Accords
7 August 1970	to	7 August 1974	Misael Pastrana Borrero	Conservative Party	National Front Alternance Accords. Elections criticized because of lack of validity.
7 August 1974	to	7 August 1978	Alfonso López Michelsen	Liberal Party
7 August 1978	to	7 August 1982	Julio César Turbay Ayala	Liberal Party
7 August 1982	to	7 August 1986	Belisario Betancur Cuartas	Conservative Party
7 August 1986	to	7 August 1990	Virgilo Barco Vargas	Liberal Party
7 August 1990	to	7 August 1994	César Gaviria Trujillo	Liberal Party
7 August 1994	to	7 August 1998	Ernesto Samper Pizano	Liberal Party
7 August 1998	to	7 August 2002	Andrés Pastrana Arango	New Democratic Force (Supported by Conservative Party under the name of Alliance for Change)
7 August 2002	to	present	Álvaro Uribe Vélez	>Colombia First (Supported by Conservative Party and Right Leaning Movements	Reelected in 2006 for a second term.