List of Roman Emperors
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For a simplified list see: Concise List of Roman Emperors
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This is a list of the Roman Emperors with the dates they ruled the Roman Empire.
Note that Julius Caesar does not appear in the list. His position as Dictator is considered a continuation of the Roman Republic. For a more in-depth discussion of whether or not Julius Caesar might have been considered as the first emperor, see Roman Emperor.
For the worship of the Roman Emperor as a god, see Imperial cult.
italics: claimant who cannot be considered to have ruled, or who held power over part of the empire only
bold: name by which the individual is commonly known
bold italics: nickname by which the individual is commonly known (unless a claimant)
[edit] Principate
[edit] Julio-Claudian dynasty
[edit] Year of the four emperors
| Reign | Common name | Personal name & Title at birth/ on eve of accession | Imperial name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 June 68 to 15 January 69 | Galba | SERVIVS SVLPICIVS GALBA | SERVIVS GALBA IMPERATOR CAESAR AVGVSTVS | Murdered by Otho; see: Year of the four emperors |
| 15 January 69 to 16 April 69 | Otho | MARCVS SALVIVS OTHO | IMPERATOR MARCVS OTHO CAESAR AVGVSTVS | Committed suicide; see: Year of the four emperors |
| 17 April 69 to 20 December 69 | Vitellius | AVLVS VITELLIVS | AVLVS VITELLIVS GERMANICVS IMPERATOR AVGVSTVS | Co-emperor; murdered in the Forum; see: Year of the four emperors |
[edit] Flavian dynasty
| Reign | Common name | Personal name & Title at birth/ on eve of accession | Imperial name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 July 69 to 24 June 79 | Vespasian | TITVS FLAVIVS VESPASIANVS | IMPERATOR VESPASIANVS CAESAR AVGVSTVS | 70: Pontifex Maximus Pater Patriae co-emperor; see: Year of the four emperors |
| 24 June 79 to 13 September 81 | Titus | TITVS FLAVIVS VESPASIANVS TITVS CAESAR VESPASIANVS | IMPERATOR TITVS CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVGVSTVS | 70: Pontifex Maximus Pater Patriae |
| from August 69 IMPERATOR TITVS CAESAR VESPASIANVS AVGVSTVS | ||||
| 14 September 81 to 18 September 96 | Domitian | TITVS FLAVIVS DOMITIANVS CAESAR DOMITIANVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR DOMITIANVS AVGVSTVS, PONTIFEX MAXIMVS PATER PATRIAE | late 83: Germanicus; assassinated |
[edit] Five Good Emperors
[edit] Severan dynasty
[edit] Crisis of the Third Century
[edit] Emperors during the height of the Crisis
[edit] Gallic Empire (260-274)
| Reign | Common name | Personal name & Title at birth/ on eve of accession | Imperial name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 260 to 269 | Postumus | MARCVS CASSIANIVS LATINIVS POSTVMVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS CASSIANVS LATINIVS POSTVMVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS | |
| 269 | Laelianus | VLPIVS CORNELIVS LAELIANVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR GAIVS VLPIVS CORNELIVS LAELIANVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | Proclaimed himself emperor of the Gallic Empire |
| 269 | Marius | MARCVS AVRELIVS MARIVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS AVRELIVS MARIVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | |
| 269 to 271 | Victorinus | MARCVS PIAVONIVS VICTORINVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR MARCVS PIAVONIVS VICTORINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS | |
| 270 to 271 | Domitianus | Proclaimed emperor of the Gallic Empire | ||
| 271 to 274 | Tetricus I | CAIVS PIVS ESVVIVS TETRICVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR GAIVS PIVS ESVVIVS TETRICVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS |
[edit] Illyrian Emperors
[edit] Dominate
[edit] Tetrarchy and Constantinian dynasty
[edit] Britannic Empire (286-297)
| Reign | Common name | Personal name & Title at birth/ on eve of accession | Imperial name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 286 to 293 | Carausius | MARCVS AVRELIVS MAVSAEVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR CARAVSIVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | |
| 293 to 297 | Allectus | not known | IMPERATOR CAESAR ALLECTVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS |
[edit] Valentinian dynasty
[edit] Theodosian dynasty
| Reign | Common name | Personal name & Title at birth/ on eve of accession | Imperial name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 379 to 17 January 395 | Theodosius I | FLAVIVS THEODOSIVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS THEODOSIVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | Co-emperor; emperor in the east from 379 |
| 383 to January 395 | Arcadius | FLAVIVS ARCADIVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS ARCADIVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | Becoming Emperor in the East January 395 |
| 23 January 393 to 395 | Honorius | FLAVIVS HONORIVS | IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS HONORIVS PIVS FELIX AVGVSTVS | Becoming Emperor in the West |
[edit] Western Empire
- Further information: Barbarian kings of Italy
[edit] Eastern Empire
- Further information: List of Byzantine emperors
| Reign | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 395 to 408 | Arcadius | |
| 408 to 450 | Theodosius II | |
| 450 to 457 | Marcian | |
| 457 to 474 | Leo I | |
| 474 to 474 | Leo II | |
| 474 to 491 | Zeno | |
| 475 to 476 | Basiliscus |
[edit] Sources
- Chris Scarre, Chronicle of the Roman Emperors, Thames & Hudson, 1995
- Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome, Penguin Classics, Michael Grant Publications Ltd, 1971
- Martha Ross, Rulers and Governments of the World, Vol.1 Earliest Times to 1491, Bowker, 1978
- Clive Carpenter, The Guinness Book of Kings Rulers & Statesmen, Guinness Superlatives Ltd, 1978
- R.F.Tapsell, Monarchs Rulers Dynasties and Kingdoms of The World, Thames & Hudson, 1981
[edit] See also
- List of Roman dictators (501 - 44 BC)
- Second Triumvirate (43 - 33 BC)
- Roman usurper
| Roman Emperors by Epoch | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| see also: List of Roman Emperors · Concise list of Roman Emperors · Roman Empire | ||||||||||||||
| → (In Italy:) → (Much later in Western Europe:) → (Continuing in Eastern Europe:) | |||||||||||||
[edit] External links
- There are good biographies of most of the Roman Emperors in De Imperatoribus Romanis.
- The complete list of the Roman Empire Emperors
- Portraits and fact filesang:Getalu Rōmāniscra Cāsera
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