List of Turkic states and empires

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[edit] Modern Turkic Countries

[edit] Nation states

• Image:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan
• Image:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus <ref>Turkish is a de jure co-official language with Greek.</ref>
• Image:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan
• Image:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan
• Image:Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg TRNC <ref>Only recognized by Turkey. See Cyprus dispute</ref>
• Image:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan
• Image:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey
• Image:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan

[edit] Autonomous Turkic republics in Russia

• Bashkortostan
• Chuvashia
• Sakha (Yakutia) Republic
• Tatarstan
• Tuva

[edit] Other Autonomous Republics in Russia

These republics have a small Turkic minority and official language is Turkic.

• Altai Republic
• Khakassia
• Kabardino-Balkaria
• Karachay-Cherkessia
• Taymyria

[edit] Other Autonomous Turkic regions

• Gagauzia, in Moldova
• Xinjiang (East Turkestan), in People's Republic of China
• Karakalpakstan in Uzbekistan
• Nakhichevan in Azerbaijan

[edit] Former Countries

• Azerbaijan SSR (1920-1991)
• Kazakh SSR (1920-1991)
• Kyrgyz SSR (1924-1991)
• Turkmen SSR (1920-1991)
• Uzbek SSR (1924-1991)
• Republic of Hatay (1938-1939)
• People's Republic of Tannu Tuva (1921-1944)
• Turkish Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (1932-1934)
• East Turkistan Republic (1944-1949)

[edit] Historical kingdoms and empires

The following listed kingdoms and empires were at some time ruled by Turkic kings/khans/shahs or other dynasties. Mentioning of any particular entity in this place should not be read to mean that the entity as a whole was Turkic or even had more than a significant minority of Turkic subjects.

• Xiongnu (3rd century BC-4th century AD) (disputed)
• Huns (4th century-5th century) (disputed)
• Gokturk State (552-744)
• Bulgars (2nd-9th century) (origin of Proto-Bulgars disputed)
  • Great Bulgaria (580s-635)
  • Volga Bulgaria (800-1236)
• Pechenegs (860-1091)
• Khazars (7th-10th century)
• Uyghur State (744-840)
• Kyrgyz State (840-920)
• Kypchaks
• Kimeks
• Saqsin
• Kara-Khanid Khanate (840-1042)
• Later Tang Dynasty in China (923-936)
• Later Jin Dynasty in China (936-947)
• Later Han Dynasty in China (948-951)
• Ghaznavid Empire (962-1187) (Turkish identity of the dynasty strongly disputed [1])
• Khwarezm-Shahs (1097-1231) (disputed)
• Seljuk Turks (1073-1307)
• Kara-kitays (1207-1487)
• Mamluks (1250-1517)
• Karamanoğlu (13th century-1487)
• Black Sheep Turks (1375-1468)
• Khanate of Kazan (1438-1552)
• Khanate of Astrakhan (1430s-1554)
• Siberia Khanate (1430s-1576)
• Qasim Khanate (15th -17th century)
• Kazakh Khanate (1456-1731)
• Khanate of Crimea (1441-1783)
• Jagoldai (15th-17th century)
• Ottoman Empire (1299-1922)
• Mughal Empire (1526-1707)
• Safavid Empire (1501–1722)

[edit] Turkic-Mongolian States

• Turkic-Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan (13th century)
• Golden Horde (Kipchak Khanate) (1227-1502)
• Turkic-Mongol Empire of Timur Lenk (1370-1506)

[edit] Turkic States in Eastern Europe

• The Avar kingdom (origin and language of Avars disputed)
• Crimean Khanate (1441-1783)

[edit] See also

• Turkic peoples
• Turkic languages

[edit] Notes

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[edit] External links

• InfoTurkish
• A comparative essay on the Seljuk and Ottoman Empiresaz:Türki Dövlətlər

de:Turkische Staatsgebilde fr:Royaumes turcs tt:Törki däwlätlär tr:Türki devletler