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List of physicians

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This is a list of famous physicians in history:

1 Physicians famous for their role in advancement of medicine
2 Physicians otherwise notable as practitioners
3 Physicians famous chiefly as eponyms
4 Physicians famous as criminals
5 Physicians famous as writers
6 Physicians famous as politicians
7 Physicians famous for other activities
8 See also

[edit] Physicians famous for their role in advancement of medicine

Thomas Addis (1881–1949) — pioneered urine testing and the study of renal diseases
Virginia Apgar (1909–1974) — anesthesiologist who devised the Apgar score used after childbirth
Hans Asperger (1906–1980) — Austrian paediatrician after whom Asperger's Syndrome is named
Jean Astruc (1684–1766) — wrote one of the first treatises on syphilis
Averroës (1126–1198)
Avicenna (980–1037) — Persian physician
Frederick Banting (1891–1941) — isolated insulin
Christiaan Barnard (1922–2001) — performed first heart transplant
Charles Best (1899–1978) — assisted in the discovery of insulin
Norman Bethune (1890–1939) — developer of battlefield surgical techniques
Theodor Billroth (1829–1894) — founding father of modern abdominal surgery
Charaka Indian physician
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) — pioneering neurologist
Charles R. Drew (1904–1950) — blood transfusion pioneer
Galen (A.D. 129– c. 210) — Roman physician and anatomist
Garcia de Orta (1501–1568) — revealed herbal medicines of India, described Cholera
Christiaan Eijkman (1858–1930) — pathologist, studied beriberi
Pierre Fauchard father of dentistry
Girolamo Fracastoro (1473–1553) — wrote on syphilis, forerunner of germ theory
Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) — founder of psychoanalysis
Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (b. 1923) — studied Kuru, Nobel prize winner
William Harvey (1578–1657) — English physician, described the circulatory system
Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919) — physician and anatomist
Orvan Hess (1906–2002) — Fetal heart monitor and first successful use of Penicillin
Hippocrates (c. 460–370 BCE) — Greek father of medicine
Ashoka Jahnavi-Prasad - introduced sodium valproate as a safer alternative to lithium in bipolar disorders
Edward Jenner (1749–1823) — English physician popularized vaccination
Carl Jung (1875–1961) — Swiss psychiatrist
Leo Kanner (1894–1981) — Austrian-American psychiatrist known for work on autism
Seymour Kety (1915-2000) — influential American neuroscientist
Robert Koch (1843–1910) — formulated Koch's postulates
Theodor Kocher — thyroid surgery and first surgeon to win the Nobel Prize
Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec (1781–1826) — inventor of the stethoscope
Janet Lane-Claypon (1877–1967) — pioneer of epidemiology
Joseph Lister (1827–1912) — pioneer of antiseptic surgery
Richard Lower (1631–1691) — studied the lungs and heart
Amato Lusitano (1511–1568) — discovered venous valves, studied blood circulation
Madhav (8th century A.D.) — medical text author and systematizer
Maimonides (1135–1204)
Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694) — Italian anatomist, pioneer in histology
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (1884–1951) — studied muscle metabolism (Nobel prize)
George Richards Minot (1885–1950) — Nobel prize for his study of anemia
Charles Horace Mayo (1865–1939) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic
William James Mayo (1861–1939) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic
Richard Morton (1637–1698) — identified tubercles in consumption (phthisis) of lungs; basis for modern name tuberculosis.
Egas Moniz (1874–1955) — developed Lobotomy and brain artery angiography.
William Worrall Mayo (1819–1911) — co-founder, Mayo Clinic
William McBride — discovered teratogenicity of thalidomide
Herbert Needleman — scientifically established link between lead poisoning and neurological damage; key figure in successful efforts to limit lead exposure
Charles Jean Henri Nicolle (1866–1936) — microbiologist who won Nobel prize for work on typhus
William Osler (1849–1919) — called the "Father of Modern Medicine"
Ralph Paffenbarger — conducted classic studies demonstrating conclusively that active people reduce their risk of heart disease and live longer
Paracelsus (1493–1541)
Ambroise Paré (1510–1590) — advanced surgical wound treatment
Wilder Penfield (1891–1876) — pioneer in neurology
Joseph Ransohoff (1915–2001) — neurosurgeon who invented the modern technique for removing brain tumors
Rhazes (A.D. c. 854–925) (Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi)
Jonas Salk (1914–1995) — developed a vaccine for polio
Ignaz Semmelweis (1818–1865) — a pioneer of avoiding cross-infection — introduced hand washing and instrument cleaning
John Snow (1813–1858) — anaesthetist and pioneer epidemiologist who studied cholera
Susruta (c. 500 BCE) — Indian physician and pioneering surgeon
Thomas Sydenham (1642–1689) — clinician
James Mourilyan Tanner (1920– ) — developed Tanner stages and advanced auxology
Carlo Urbani (1956–2003) — discovered, and died from, SARS
Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) — Belgian anatomist, often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy.
Andrew Wakefield conducted seminal studies on disputed link between vaccines and neurodevelopmental disorders
Allen Oldfather Whipple (1881–1963) — devised the Whipple procedure in 1935 for treatment of pancreatic cancer
Carl Wood in vitro fertilization
Ole Wormius (1588–1654) — pioneer in embryology
Sir Magdi Yacoub (1935– ) — One of the leading developers of the techniques of heart and heart-lung transplantation
Boris Yegorov (1937-1994) Russian - First physician in space, 1964

[edit] Physicians otherwise notable as practitioners

Maimonides (1135-1204) - Physician of the Grand Vizier Alfadhil as well as Sultan Saladin of Egypt
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) - first British woman to practice as a doctor
Emily Barringer (1876–1961) - American, and first female ambulance surgeon and the first woman to secure a surgical residency
Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910) - first woman to practice modern medicine
Sir Horace Evans - UK royal physician
Jack Kevorkian (1923- ) - right-to-assisted-death advocate
Alphonse Laveran (Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran) (1845-1922) - parasitology
Johann Friedrich Struensee (1737-1772) - royal physician of Christian VII of Denmark
Paul Rohmer (1876-1977) french physician considered as the father of the modern paediatrics in the east corner of France

[edit] Physicians famous chiefly as eponyms

Thomas Addison (1793-1860) - Addison's disease
Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915) - Alzheimer's disease
Robert Bárány (1876-1936) - the Bárány chair is used in the study of vertigo
Charles Édouard Brown-Sequard (1817-1894)
Albert Calmette (1863-1933)- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a vaccine for tuberculosis
Carlos Chagas (1879-1934) - Chagas disease
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) - Maladie de Charcot, Charcot joints, Charcot's triad, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Burrill Bernard Crohn (1884-1983) - Crohn's disease
Camillo Golgi (1843-1926) - Golgi apparatus
Louis Hamman (1877-1946) Hamman's sign, Hamman's syndrome Hamman-Rich syndrome
Joseph-Ignace Guillotin (1738-1814) - Guillotine
Charles Mantoux (1877-1947) - Mantoux test for tuberculosis
Antoine Marfan (1858-1942) - Marfan syndrome
Silas Weir Mitchell (1829-1914) - Mitchell's disease
James Paget (1814-1899) - Paget's disease
James Parkinson (1755-1824) - Parkinson's syndrome
Cecil Charles Worster-Drought (1888-1971) Worster-Drought syndrome

[edit] Physicians famous as criminals

Karl Brandt (1904-1948) - Nazi human experimentation
Baruch Goldstein - assassin
Radovan Karadžić (b. 1945) - accused of ethnic cleansing in Yugoslavia
Josef Mengele (1911-1979) - known as the Angel of Death, Nazi human experimentation
Samuel Mudd - condemned to prison for setting the leg of Abraham Lincoln's assassin
Herta Oberheuser (1911-1978) - Nazi human experimentation
Jack Kevorkian (1923- ) - convicted of second-degree murder, Michigan, April 13, 1999
Harold Shipman (1946-2004)- British mass murderer
Richard J. Schmidt - American physician who contaminated his girlfriend with AIDS-tainted blood

[edit] Physicians famous as writers

Among the better known writers:

Anton Chekhov (1860-1904) - Russian playwright
Alfred de Musset (1810-1857) - French playwright, discovered sign of syphilitic aortitis
John Keats (1795-1821) - English poet
François Rabelais (1483-1553) - French author of Gargantua and Pantagruel.
Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805), German writer, poet, essayist and dramatist.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) - British author of Sherlock Holmes fame.
William Carlos Williams (1883-1963) - American poet and essayist
A. J. Cronin (1896-1981) - Scottish novelist and essayist, author of The Citadel.
W. Somerset Maugham (1874-1965) - British novelist and short story writer, wrote Of Human Bondage.
Michael Crichton (born 1942) - American author of Jurassic Park blockbuster fame.
Robin Cook - American author of bestselling novels, wrote Coma

And others:

Francis Brett Young (1884-1954) - English novelist and poet
Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682) - British writer
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. (1809-1894) - American essayist
Ctesias (5th century B.C.) - Greek historian
David Livingstone (1813-1873) - Scottish medical missionary, explorer of Africa, travel writer
Albert Schweitzer(1875-1965) - German theologian, philosopher, organist, musicologist
Mungo Park
William Gilbert
Thomas Campion - poet, composer
Arnie Baker - cycling coach
John Arbuthnot - author
H. Richard Hornberger author of M*A*S*H
Oliver Goldsmith - American author
Michael Cook - American writer of suspense novels
Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) - author
Patrick Abercromby (1656 - ~ 1716) - historian
Arthur Johnston (1587-1641) - poet
Georg Büchner - German dramatist
Ludwig Büchner - German philosopher
João Guimarães Rosa - Brazilian writer
Silas Weir Mitchell (1829-1914) - American writer
Lewis Thomas (1913-1993) - American essayist and poet
Adeline Yen Mah - Chinese-American author.
Janet Asimov - (born 1926) (née Janet O. Jeppson). American psychiatrist, wife of Isaac Asimov.
Deepak Chopra - Indian/American writer of self-help and health books
Alex Comfort (1920-2000) - British writer and poet, author of The Joy of Sex.
Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802). British poet, grandfather of Charles Darwin
Georges Duhamel (1884-1966) - French writer, dramatist, poet and humanist
Havelock Ellis (1859-1940) - British writer and poet, author of The Psychology of Sex
Victor Frankl (1905-1997) - Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist, author of Man's Search for Meaning
Samuel Garth (1661-1719) - British author and translator of classics
Ronald Laing - Scottish writer and poet, leader of the anti-psychiatry movement.
Stanisław Lem (1929-) - Polish author of science-fiction (Solaris)
Carlo Levi (1902-1975) - Italian novelist and writer
Jean-Paul Marat (1743-1793) - French writer, a leader of French Revolution, assassinated in bathtub
Sir Ronald Ross (1857-1932) - British writer and poet, discovered the malarial parasite.
Theodore Isaac Rubin (1923-). American author of Lisa and David fame.
Oliver Sacks (1933-). British essayist (e.g. The Man Who Mistook his Wife for a Hat)
Frank Slaughter (1908-2001) American bestseller author, wrote (Doctor's Wives)
Benjamin Spock (1903-1988) - American pediatrician, wrote Baby and Child Care.
Sir Henry Thompson, British surgeon and polymath.
Atul Gawande, surgeon and New Yorker medical writer.
Vladislav Vančura (1891-1942) - Czech writer, scriptwriter and film director
Paolo Mantegazza (1831-1910) - Italian writer, wrote a science fiction book, L'Anno 3000

[edit] Physicians famous as politicians

Bashar Al-Assad - President of Syria
Ibrahim Al-Jaafari - Prime minister of Iraq
Iyad Allawi - interim Prime Minister of Iraq
Salvador Allende (1908-1973) - Chilean president
Emilio Alvarez Montalván - Foreign Minister of Nicaragua
Arnulfo Arias - Panaman President
Michelle Bachelet - Current Chilean President
Hastings Kamuzu Banda (1898-1997) - Prime Minister, President and later dictator of Malawi
Louis Blanqui - French revolutionary socialist
Gro Harlem Brundtland (born 1939) - first Norwegian female prime minister and Director-General of the World Health Organization
Georges Clemenceau (1841-1929) - French statesman
Tom Coburn (born 1948) - U.S. Senator
Howard Dean (born 1948) - American politician
François Duvalier (1907-1971) - also known as Papa Doc - President and later dictator of Haiti
Antônio Palocci Filho - Brazilian politician, Finance Minister
Christian Friedrich, Baron von Stockmar - Anglo-Belgian statesman
Bill Frist (born 1952) - United States Senate Majority Leader
Hedy Fry (born 1941) - Canadian politician, member of parliament
Che Guevara Latin American revolutionary leader
Mohammad Reza Khatami - Iranian politician
Juscelino Kubitscheck - Brazilian president
Mahathir bin Mohamad - Malaysian prime minister
Agostinho Neto (1922-1979) - MPLA leader and president of Angola
David Owen - British politician
Ron Paul (born 1935) - American politician
Navin Ramgoolam - Prime minister of Mauritius
José Rizal (1861-1896) - Filipino revolutionary and national hero
Bidhan Chandra Roy - Indian politician
Hélio de Oliveira Santos - Brazilian politician, mayor of Campinas
Tabaré Vázquez - Current Uruguayan President
Sun Yat-Sen (1866-1925) - Founder of republican China
Ali Akbar Velayati (born 1945) - Iranian Foreign Minister from 1981 to 1997.
William Walker (soldier) (1824-1860) - ruler of Nicaragua
Dave Weldon - US congressman and autism activist
Ray Lyman Wilbur (1875-1949) - United States Secretary of the Interior, president of Stanford University
Thomas Wynne (1627-1691) - Physician to William Penn, speaker of the first two Provincial Assemblies in Philadelphia (1687 & 1688)