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Contents 1 introduction (Gray's s141) 1.1 Gray's page #543 1.2 Gray's page #545 2 the aorta (Gray's s142) 2.1 Gray's page #545 2.2 Gray's page #546 2.3 Gray's page #547 2.4 Gray's page #548 2.5 Gray's page #549 3 the arteries of the head and neck 3.1 the common carotid artery 3.1.1 relations (Gray's s143) 3.1.1.1 Gray's page #549 3.1.1.2 Gray's page #550 3.1.1.3 Gray's page #551 3.1.2 the external carotid artery (Gray's s144) 3.1.2.1 Gray's page #551 3.1.3 Anterior 3.1.3.1 Gray's page #552 3.1.3.2 Gray's page #553 3.1.3.3 Gray's page #555 3.1.3.4 Gray's page #556 3.1.4 Posterior 3.1.4.1 Gray's page #556 3.1.4.2 Gray's page #557 3.1.5 Ascending 3.1.5.1 Gray's page #557 3.1.5.2 Gray's page #558 3.1.6 Terminal 3.1.6.1 Gray's page #558 3.1.6.2 Gray's page #559 3.1.7 Terminal: Branches of the First or Mandibular Portions 3.1.7.1 Gray's page #560 3.1.7.2 Gray's page #561 3.1.8 Terminal: Branches of the Second or Pterygoid Portion 3.1.8.1 Gray's page #561 3.1.9 Terminal: Branches of the Third or Pterygopalatine Portion 3.1.9.1 Gray's page #562 3.1.10 the triangles of the neck (Gray's s145) 3.1.10.1 Gray's page #563 3.1.10.2 Gray's page #564 3.1.10.3 Gray's page #565 3.1.11 the internal carotid artery (Gray's s146) 3.1.11.1 Gray's page #566 3.1.11.2 Gray's page #567 3.1.11.3 Gray's page #568 3.1.11.4 Gray's page #569 3.1.11.5 Gray's page #570 3.1.11.6 Gray's page #571 3.1.11.7 Gray's page #572 3.1.11.8 Gray's page #573 3.1.11.9 Gray's page #574 3.2 the arteries of the brain (Gray's s147) 3.2.1 Gray's page #574 3.2.2 Gray's page #575 4 the arteries of the upper extremity 4.1 the subclavian artery (Gray's s148) 4.1.1 Gray's page #575 4.1.2 Gray's page #576 4.1.3 Gray's page #577 4.1.4 Gray's page #578 4.1.5 vertebral artery (a. vertebralis) 4.1.5.1 Gray's page #578 4.1.5.2 Gray's page #579 4.1.5.3 Gray's page #580 4.1.5.4 Gray's page #581 4.1.6 thyrocervical trunk (truncus thyreocervicalis; thyroid axis) 4.1.6.1 Gray's page #581 4.1.6.2 Gray's page #582 4.1.7 internal mammary artery (a. mammaria interna) 4.1.7.1 Gray's page #584 4.1.7.2 Gray's page #585 4.1.8 costocervical trunk (truncus costocervicalis; superior intercostal artery) 4.1.8.1 Gray's page #585 4.2 the axilla 4.2.1 Gray's page #585 4.2.2 the axillary artery (Gray's s149) 4.2.2.1 Gray's page #586 4.2.2.2 Gray's page #587 4.2.2.3 Gray's page #588 4.2.2.4 Gray's page #589 4.2.3 the brachial artery (Gray's s150) 4.2.3.1 Gray's page #589 4.2.3.2 Gray's page #590 4.2.3.3 Gray's page #591 4.2.3.4 Gray's page #592 4.2.4 the radial artery (Gray's s151) 4.2.4.1 Gray's page #592 4.2.4.2 Gray's page #594 4.2.4.3 Gray's page #595 4.2.5 the ulnar artery (Gray's s152) 4.2.5.1 Gray's page #595 4.2.5.2 Gray's page #596 4.2.5.3 Gray's page #597 4.2.5.4 Gray's page #598 5 the arteries of the trunk 5.1 the descending aorta 5.1.1 the thoracic aorta (Gray's s153) 5.1.1.1 Gray's page #598 5.1.1.2 Gray's page #599 5.1.1.3 Gray's page #600 5.1.1.4 Gray's page #601 5.1.2 the abdominal aorta (Gray's s154) 5.1.2.1 Gray's page #602 5.1.2.2 Gray's page #603 5.1.2.3 Gray's page #604 5.1.2.4 Gray's page #605 5.1.2.5 Gray's page #606 5.1.2.6 Gray's page #607 5.1.2.7 Gray's page #609 5.1.2.8 Gray's page #610 5.1.2.9 Gray's page #611 5.1.2.10 Gray's page #612 5.1.2.11 Gray's page #613 5.2 the common iliac arteries 5.2.1 Gray's page #613 5.2.2 Gray's page #614 5.2.3 the hypogastric artery (or Internal iliac artery) (Gray's s155) 5.2.3.1 Gray's page #614 5.2.3.2 Gray's page #615 5.2.3.3 Gray's page #616 5.2.3.4 Gray's page #617 5.2.3.5 Gray's page #618 5.2.3.6 Gray's page #619 5.2.3.7 Gray's page #620 5.2.3.8 Gray's page #621 5.2.3.9 Gray's page #622 5.2.4 the external iliac artery (Gray's s156) 5.2.4.1 Gray's page #622 5.2.4.2 Gray's page #623 6 the arteries of the lower extremity 6.1 the femoral artery (Gray's s157) 6.1.1 Gray's page #623 6.1.2 Gray's page #625 6.1.3 Gray's page #626 6.1.4 Gray's page #627 6.1.5 Gray's page #628 6.1.6 branches of the femoral artery 6.1.6.1 Gray's page #629 6.1.6.2 Gray's page #630 6.1.6.3 Gray's page #631 6.2 the popliteal fossa (Gray's s158) 6.2.1 Gray's page #631 6.3 the popliteal artery (Gray's s159) 6.3.1 Gray's page #632 6.3.2 Gray's page #633 6.3.3 Gray's page #634 6.4 the anterior tibial artery (Gray's s160) 6.4.1 Gray's page #634 6.4.2 Gray's page #635 6.4.3 Gray's page #636 6.5 the arteria dorsalis pedis (Gray's s161) 6.5.1 Gray's page #636 6.5.2 Gray's page #637 6.6 the posterior tibial artery (Gray's s162) 6.6.1 Gray's page #637 6.6.2 Gray's page #638 6.6.3 Gray's page #639 6.6.4 Gray's page #640 7 See also

[edit] introduction (Gray's s141)

[edit] Gray's page #543

• anastomoses
• collateral circulation
• Pulmonary artery (A. Pulmonalis)

[edit] Gray's page #545

• right branch of the pulmonary artery (ramus dexter a. pulmonalis)
• left branch of the pulmonary artery (ramus sinister a. pulmonalis)

[edit] the aorta (Gray's s142)

[edit] Gray's page #545

• Aorta
• Ascending aorta (Aorta Ascendens)
  • aortic sinuses
  • bulb of the aorta

[edit] Gray's page #546

• Coronary arteries
  • Right coronary artery (a. coronaria dextra)

[edit] Gray's page #547

• Coronary arteries
  • Right coronary artery (a. coronaria dextra)
    • posterior descending branch
    • marginal branch
  • Left coronary artery (a. coronaria sinistra)
    • anterior descending branch
    • circumflex branch
• Arch of the aorta (Arcus Aortae; Transverse aorta)
• Relations
  • aortic isthmus
  • aortic spindle

[edit] Gray's page #548

• Innominate atery (A. Anonyma; Brachiocephalic artery)

[edit] Gray's page #549

• Innominate atery (A. Anonyma; Brachiocephalic artery)
  • thyreoidea ima (a. thyreoidea ima)
  • thymic branch or bronchial branch
• Collateral circulation

[edit] the arteries of the head and neck

[edit] the common carotid artery

• Common carotid artery (A. Carotis Communis)

[edit] relations (Gray's s143)

[edit] Gray's page #549

• Common carotid artery (A. Carotis Communis)

[edit] Gray's page #550

• cervical portions

[edit] Gray's page #551

• glomus caroticum (carotid body)

[edit] the external carotid artery (Gray's s144)

[edit] Gray's page #551

• external carotid artery

[edit] Anterior

[edit] Gray's page #552

• superior thyroid artery (a. thyreoidea superior)
  • Hyoid branch (ramus hyoideus; infrahyoid branch)
  • Sternocleidomastoid branch (ramus sternocleidomastoideus; sternomastoid branch)
  • Superior laryngeal artery (a. laryngea superior)
  • Cricothyroid branch (ramus cricothyreoideus)

[edit] Gray's page #553

• lingual artery (a. lingualis)
  • Hyoid branch (ramus hyoideus; suprahyoid branch)
  • Arteriæ dorsales linguæ (rami dorsales linguæ)
  • Sublingual artery (a. sublingualis)
  • Arteria profunda linguæ (ranine artery; deep lingual artery)
• external maxillary artery (a. maxillaris externa; facial artery)
  • angular artery

[edit] Gray's page #555

• external maxillary artery (a. maxillaris externa; facial artery)
  • Cervical Branches
    • Ascending palatine artery (a. palatina ascendens)
    • Tonsillar branch (ramus tonsillaris)
    • Glandular branches (rami glandulares; submaxillary branches)
    • Submental artery (a. submentalis)
    • Muscular branches
  • Facial Branches
    • Inferior labial artery (a. labialis inferior; inferior coronary artery)
    • Superior labial artery (a. labialis superior; superior coronary artery)

[edit] Gray's page #556

• external maxillary artery (a. maxillaris externa; facial artery)
  • Facial Branches
    • Superior labial artery (a. labialis superior; superior coronary artery)
      • septal branch
      • alar branch
    • Lateral nasal branch
    • Angular artery (a. angularis)
    • Muscular branches

[edit] Posterior

[edit] Gray's page #556

• occipital artery (a. occipitalis)
  • Muscular branches (rami musculares)
  • Sternocleidomastoid artery (a. sternocleidomastoidea; sternomastoid artery)
  • Auricular branch (ramus auricularis)

[edit] Gray's page #557

• occipital artery (a. occipitalis)
  • Auricular branch (ramus auricularis)
    • mastoid branch
  • Meningeal branch (ramus meningeus; dural branch)
  • Descending branch (ramus descendens; arteria princeps cervicis)
• posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior)
  • Stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea)
  • Auricular branch (ramus auricularis)
  • Occipital branch (ramus occipitalis)

[edit] Ascending

[edit] Gray's page #557

• ascending pharyngeal artery (a. pharyngea ascendens)

[edit] Gray's page #558

• ascending pharyngeal artery (a. pharyngea ascendens)
  • Pharyngeal branches (rami pharyngei)
  • Palatine branch
  • Prevertebral branches
  • Inferior tympanic artery (a. tympanica inferior)
  • Meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery
    • posterior meningeal artery

[edit] Terminal

[edit] Gray's page #558

• superficial temporal artery (a. temporalis superficialis)
  • Transverse facial artery (a. transversa faciei)
  • Middle temporal artery (a. temporalis media)
    • zygomaticoörbital branch

[edit] Gray's page #559

• superficial temporal artery (a. temporalis superficialis)
  • Anterior auricular branches (rami auriculares anteriores)
  • Frontal branch (ramus frontalis; anterior temporal)
  • Parietal branch (ramus parietalis; posterior temporal)
• internal maxillary artery (a. maxillaris interna)
  • first or mandibular portion
  • second or pterygoid portion
  • third or pterygopalatine portion

[edit] Terminal: Branches of the First or Mandibular Portions

[edit] Gray's page #560

• Anterior tympanic artery (a. tympanica anterior; tympanic artery)
• Deep auricular artery (a. auricularis profunda)
• Middle meningeal artery (a. meningea media; medidural artery)

[edit] Gray's page #561

• Middle meningeal artery (a. meningea media; medidural artery)
  • superficial petrosal
  • superior tympanic artery
  • Orbital branches
  • Temporal branches
• Accessory meningeal branch (ramus meningeus accessorius; small meningeal or parvidural branch)
• Inferior alveolar artery (a. alveolaris inferior; inferior dental artery)
  • incisor branch
  • mental branch
  • lingual branch
  • mylohyoid branch

[edit] Terminal: Branches of the Second or Pterygoid Portion

[edit] Gray's page #561

• Deep temporal branches
• Pterygoid branches (rami pterygoidei)
• Masseteric artery (a. masseterica)
• Buccinator artery (a. buccinatoria; buccal artery)

[edit] Terminal: Branches of the Third or Pterygopalatine Portion

[edit] Gray's page #562

• Posterior superior alveolar artery (a. alveolaris superior posterior; alveolar or posterior dental artery)
• Infraorbital artery (a. infraorbitalis)
  • orbital branches
  • anterior superior alveolar branches
• Descending palatine artery (a. palatina descendens)
• Artery of the pterygoid canal (a. canalis pterygoidei; Vidian artery)
• Pharyngeal branch
• Sphenopalatine artery (a. sphenopalatina; nasopalatine artery)
  • posterior lateral nasal branches
  • posterior septal branches

[edit] the triangles of the neck (Gray's s145)

[edit] Gray's page #563

• anterior triangle
  • Inferior carotid triangle, or Muscular triangle

[edit] Gray's page #564

• anterior triangle
  • Superior carotid triangle, or Carotid triangle
  • Submaxillary triangle or Digastric triangle

[edit] Gray's page #565

• anterior triangle
  • Suprahyoid triangle
• Posterior triangle
  • Occipital triangle
  • Subclavian triangle

[edit] the internal carotid artery (Gray's s146)

[edit] Gray's page #566

• internal carotid artery

[edit] Gray's page #567

• Cervical portion
• Petrous portion
• Cavernous portion
• Cerebral portion

[edit] Gray's page #568

• Petrous portion
  • caroticotympanic branch (ramus caroticotympanicus; tympanic branch)
  • artery of the pterygoid canal (a. canilis pterygoidei; Vidian artery)
• Cavernous portion
  • cavernous branches
  • hypophyseal branches
  • semilunar branches
  • anterior meningeal branch (a. meningea anterior)
  • ophthalmic artery (a. ophthalmica)

[edit] Gray's page #569

• Cavernous portion
  • ophthalmic artery (a. ophthalmica)
    • orbital group
      • Lacrimal artery (a. lacrimalis)
        • lateral palpebral arteries
        • zygomatic branches
        • recurrent branch
      • Supraorbital artery (a. supraorbitalis)

[edit] Gray's page #570

• Cavernous portion
  • ophthalmic artery (a. ophthalmica)
    • orbital group
      • Ethmoidal arteries
        • posterior ethmoidal artery
        • anterior ethmoidal artery
      • Medial palpebral arteries (aa. palpebrales mediales; internal palpebral arteries)
        • superior palpebral anastomoses
        • inferior palpebral anastomoses
      • Frontal artery (a. frontalis)

[edit] Gray's page #571

• Cavernous portion
  • ophthalmic artery (a. ophthalmica)
    • orbital group
      • Dorsal nasal artery (a. dorsalis nasi; nasal artery)
    • ocular group
      • Central artery of the retina (a. centralis retinœ)
      • Ciliary arteries (aa. ciliares)
        • short posterior ciliary arteries
        • long posterior ciliary arteries
          • circulus arteriosus major
          • circulus arteriosus minor
        • anterior ciliary arteries
      • Muscular branches (rami musculares)
  • anterior cerebral artery (a. cerebri anterior)
    • anterior communicating artery
    • Antero-medial ganglionic branches

[edit] Gray's page #572

• Cerebral portion
  • anterior cerebral artery (a. cerebri anterior)
    • Anterior communicating artery (a. communicans anterior)
  • middle cerebral artery (a. cerebri media)

[edit] Gray's page #573

• Cerebral portion
  • middle cerebral artery (a. cerebri media)
    • Antero-lateral ganglionic branches
      • internal striate
      • external striate
      • artery of cerebral hemorrhage
    • inferior lateral frontal
    • ascending frontal
    • ascending parietal
    • parietotemporal
    • temporal branches
  • posterior communicating artery (a. communicans posterior)

[edit] Gray's page #574

• Cerebral portion
  • posterior communicating artery (a. communicans posterior)
    • postero-medial ganglionic branches
  • anterior choroidal artery (a. chorioidea; choroid artery)

[edit] the arteries of the brain (Gray's s147)

[edit] Gray's page #574

• arterial circle of Willis

[edit] Gray's page #575

• Ganglionic system
  • antero-medial group
  • postero-medial group
  • antero-lateral groups
  • postero-lateral groups
  • terminal arteries
• Cortical arterial system (cortical system)
  • long arteries, or medullary arteries
  • short vessels

[edit] the arteries of the upper extremity

[edit] the subclavian artery (Gray's s148)

[edit] Gray's page #575

• Subclavian artery (A. Subclavia)

[edit] Gray's page #576

• First Part of the Right subclavian artery

[edit] Gray's page #577

• First Part of the Left subclavian artery
• Second and Third Parts of the Subclavian artery

[edit] Gray's page #578

• branches of the subclavian artery

[edit] vertebral artery (a. vertebralis)

[edit] Gray's page #578

• suboccipital triangle

[edit] Gray's page #579

• branches of the vertebral artery
• Cervical Branches.
  • Spinal branches (rami spinales)
  • Muscular branches
• Cranial Branches
  • Meningeal branch (ramus meningeus; posterior meningeal branch)
  • Posterior spinal artery (a. spinalis posterior; dorsal spinal artery)
  • Anterior spinal artery (a. spinalis anterior; ventral spinal artery)

[edit] Gray's page #580

• Cranial Branches
  • Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (a. cerebelli inferior posterior)
  • Medullary arteries (bulbar arteries)
• Basilar artery (a. basilaris)
  • branches of basilar artery
  • pontine branches (rami ad pontem; transverse branches)
  • internal auditory artery (a. auditiva interna; auditory artery)
  • anterior inferior cerebellar artery (a. cerebelli inferior anterior)
  • superior cerebellar artery (a. cerebelli superior)
  • posterior cerebral artery (a. cerebri posterior)
    • branches of the posterior cerebral artery

[edit] Gray's page #581

• Basilar artery (a. basilaris)
  • branches of basilar artery
    • branches of the posterior cerebral artery
      • Ganglionic
        • postero-medial ganglionic branches
        • posterior choroidal branches
        • postero-lateral ganglionic branches
      • Cortical
        • anterior temporal
        • posterior temporal
        • calcarine
        • parietoöccipital

[edit] thyrocervical trunk (truncus thyreocervicalis; thyroid axis)

[edit] Gray's page #581

• Inferior thyroid artery (a. thyreoidea inferior)
  • branches of the inferior thyroid artery
  • inferior laryngeal artery (a. laryngea inferior)
  • tracheal branches (rami tracheales)
  • esophageal branches (rami æsophagei)
  • ascending cervical artery (a. cervicalis ascendens)
  • muscular branches

[edit] Gray's page #582

• Transverse scapular artery (a. transversa scapulæ, suprascapular artery)
  • suprasternal branch
  • acromial branch
• Transverse cervical artery (a. transversa colli; transversalis colli artery)
  • ascending branch (ramus ascendens; superficial cervical artery)
  • descending branch (ramus descendens; posterior scapular artery)

[edit] internal mammary artery (a. mammaria interna)

[edit] Gray's page #584

• musculophrenic artery and superior epigastric artery
• branches of the internal mammary artery
  • Pericardiacophrenic artery (a. pericardiacophrenica; a. comes nervi phrenici)
  • Anterior mediastinal arteries (aa. mediastinales anteriores; mediastinal arteries)
  • Pericardial branches
  • Sternal branches (rami sternales)
    • subpleural mediastinal plexus
  • Intercostal branches (rami intercostales; anterior intercostal arteries)
  • Perforating branches (rami perforantes)
  • Musculophrenic artery (a. musculophrenica)

[edit] Gray's page #585

• branches of the internal mammary artery
  • Superior epigastric artery (a. epigastrica superior)

[edit] costocervical trunk (truncus costocervicalis; superior intercostal artery)

[edit] Gray's page #585

• highest intercostal artery
• Profunda cervicalis (a. cervicalis profunda; deep cervical branch)

[edit] the axilla

[edit] Gray's page #585

• axillary fascia

[edit] the axillary artery (Gray's s149)

[edit] Gray's page #586

• axillary artery
• axillary sheath

[edit] Gray's page #587

• Collateral circulation after Ligature of the Axillary artery (Scapular anastomosis)
• branches of the axillary artery
• first part
  • highest thoracic artery (a. thoracalis suprema; superior thoracic artery)

[edit] Gray's page #588

• second part
  • thoracoacromial artery (a. thoracoacromialis; acromiothoracic artery; thoracic axis)
  • lateral thoracic artery (a. thoracalis lateralis; long thoracic artery; external mammary artery)
    • external mammary branch
• third part
  • subscapular artery (a. subscapularis)
    • scapular circumflex artery
  • Scapular circumflex artery (a. circumflexa scapulæ; dorsalis scapulæ artery)

[edit] Gray's page #589

• third part
  • posterior humeral circumflex artery (a. circumflexa humeri posterior; posterior circumflex artery)
  • anterior humeral circumflex artery (a. circumflexa humeri anterior; anterior circumflex artery)

[edit] the brachial artery (Gray's s150)

[edit] Gray's page #589

• brachial artery
• anticubital fossa

[edit] Gray's page #590

• branches of the brachial artery

[edit] Gray's page #591

• arteria profunda brachii (superior profunda artery)
  • nutrient artery
  • middle collateral branch
  • radial collateral branch
• nutrient artery (a. nutricia humeri)
• superior ulnar collateral artery (a. collateralis ulnaris superior; inferior profunda artery)

[edit] Gray's page #592

• inferior ulnar collateral artery (a. collateralis ulnaris inferior; anastomotica magna artery)
• muscular branches (rami musculares)

[edit] the radial artery (Gray's s151)

[edit] Gray's page #592

• radial artery

[edit] Gray's page #594

• deep volar arch
• branches of the radial artery
• In the Forearm
  • radial recurrent artery (a. recurrens radialis)
  • muscular branches (rami musculares)
  • volar carpal branch (ramus carpeus volaris; anterior radial carpal artery)
    • volar carpal net-work
  • superficial volar branch (ramus volaris superficialis; superficialis volœ artery)
    • superficial volar arch
• At the Wrist
  • dorsal carpal branch (ramus carpeus dorsalis; posterior radial carpal artery)
    • dorsal carpal network
    • dorsal metacarpal arteries
    • superior perforating arteries
    • inferior perforating arteries

[edit] Gray's page #595

• At the Wrist
  • first dorsal metacarpal
• In the Hand
  • arteria princeps pollicis
  • arteria volaris indicis radialis (radialis indicis artery)
    • first volar metacarpal artery
    • deep volar arch (arcus volaris profundus; deep palmar arch)
  • volar metacarpal arteries (aa. metacarpeæ volares; palmar interosseous arteries)
  • perforating branches (rami perforantes)
  • recurrent branches

[edit] the ulnar artery (Gray's s152)

[edit] Gray's page #595

• ulnar artery

[edit] Gray's page #596

• branches of the ulnar artery
• In the Forearm
  • anterior ulnar recurrent artery (a. recurrentes ulnaris anterior)
  • posterior ulnar recurrent artery (a. recurrentes ulnaris posterior)
  • common interosseous artery (a. interossea communis)
    • Volar interosseous artery (a. interossea volaris; anterior interosseous artery)
      • arteria mediana
    • Dorsal interosseous artery (a. interossea dorsalis; posterior interosseous artery)

[edit] Gray's page #597

• In the Forearm
  • common interosseous artery (a. interossea communis)
    • interosseous recurrent artery

[edit] Gray's page #598

• In the Forearm
  • muscular branches (rami musculares)
• At the Wrist
  • volar carpal branch (ramus carpeus volares; anterior ulnar carpal artery)
  • dorsal carpal branch (ramus carpeus dorsalis; posterior ulnar carpal artery)
• In the Hand
  • deep volar branch (ramus volaris profundus; profunda branch)
  • superficial volar arc