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Ludwig Erhard

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"Erhard" redirects here. For the saint of this name, see Saint Erhard.
Ludwig Erhard
Ludwig Erhard

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In office
October 16, 1963 – December 1, 1966
Preceded by Konrad Adenauer
Succeeded by Kurt Georg Kiesinger
Born February 4, 1897
Fürth, Germany
Died May 5, 1977
Political party CDU

Ludwig Erhard (February 4, 1897–May 5, 1977) was a German politician (CDU) and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966.

Born in Fürth, Germany, from 1913 to 1916 Erhard was a commercial apprentice. After his apprenticeship he worked as retail salesman in his father's draper's shop.

He joined the German forces during World War I 1916 as an artilleryman, fought in Romania and was seriously injured near Ypres in 1918. Erhard could no longer work as a draper and began to study economics, first in Nuremberg, later in Frankfurt am Main. He received his Dr. oec. from Franz Oppenheimer in 1925.

During his time in Frankfurt he married Luise Schuster. After his graduation they moved to Fürth and he became executive in his parents' company in 1925. After three years he became assistant at the Institut für Wirtschaftsbeobachtung der deutschen Fertigware, a marketing research institute. Later, he became deputy director of the institute.

Due to his injuries Erhard did not have to join military forces during World War II. Instead, he worked on concepts for the peace period after the war. Those kind of studies were forbidden by the Nazis who had declared Total war. He lost his job in 1942 but continued to work on his own on the subject. In 1944 he wrote War Finances and Debt Consolidation (orig: Kriegsfinanzierung und Schuldenkonsolidierung). In this study he already assumed that Germany had lost the war. He sent his thoughts to Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, a central figure in the German resistance against the Nazi government, who recommended Erhard to his comrades.

After the war Erhard became economic consultant for the American military administration of Bavaria who made him Minister of Economics in the Bavarian cabinet of Wilhelm Hoegner. After the American and British administration had created the Bizone, Erhard became chairman of the Sonderstelle Geld und Kredit in 1947, an expert commission preparing the currency reform.

In 1948 he was elected Director of Economics by the Bizonal Economic Council. On June 20, 1948, the Deutsche Mark was introduced. Erhard abolished the price-fixing and production controls that had been enacted by the military administration. This exceeded his authority, but he succeeded with this courageous step.

In 1949 he stood for election in a constituency in Baden-Württemberg for the first West German parliament after the war and gained a direct mandate. Later in the year he joined the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). In September, Erhard was appointed Minister of Economics in the first cabinet of Konrad Adenauer. His party made his concept of social market economy part of the party platform.

After the resignation of Adenauer in 1963, Erhard was elected Chancellor with 279 against 180 votes on October 16. In 1965 he was re-elected.

On October 26, 1966, Minister Walter Scheel (FDP) resigned, protesting against the budget released the day before. The other ministers who were members of the FDP followed his example — the coalition was broken. On December 1, Erhard resigned. His successor was Kurt Georg Kiesinger (CDU), who led a grand coalition.

Erhard continued his political work by becoming a member of the West German parliament up to his death in Bonn on May 5, 1977. He is buried in Gmund, near the Tegernsee. The Ludwig Erhard-Berufsschule (professional college) in Paderborn and Münster are named in his honour.

[edit] Erhard's First Ministry (16 October 1963 - 26 October 1965)

Changes

[edit] Erhard's Second Ministry (26 October 1965 - 1 December 1966)

Changes

Political offices
Preceded by:
Konrad Adenauer 		Chancellor of Germany
1963–1966 		Succeeded by:
Kurt Georg Kiesinger
Chancellors of Germany

Image:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire (1871–1918): Otto von Bismarck | Leo von Caprivi | Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst | Bernhard von Bülow | Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg | Georg Michaelis | Georg von Hertling | Prince Maximilian of Baden • Image:Flag of Germany (2-3).svg Weimar Republic (1919–1933): Friedrich Ebert/Hugo Haase | Philipp Scheidemann | Gustav Bauer | Hermann Müller | Konstantin Fehrenbach | Joseph Wirth | Wilhelm Cuno | Gustav Stresemann | Wilhelm Marx | Hans Luther | Wilhelm Marx | Hermann Müller | Heinrich Brüning | Franz von Papen | Kurt von Schleicher • Image:Flag of Germany 1933.svg Nazi Germany (1933–1945): Adolf Hitler | Joseph Goebbels | Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk• Image:Flag of Germany.svg Federal Republic of Germany (1949–): Konrad Adenauer | Ludwig Erhard | Kurt Georg Kiesinger | Willy Brandt | Helmut Schmidt | Helmut Kohl | Gerhard Schröder | Angela Merkel

cs:Ludwig Erhard

de:Ludwig Erhard et:Ludwig Erhard es:Ludwig Erhard eo:Ludwig Erhard fr:Ludwig Erhard id:Ludwig Erhard it:Ludwig Erhard ka:ერჰარდი, ლუდვიგ nl:Ludwig Erhard ja:ルートヴィヒ・エアハルト no:Ludwig Erhard nds:Ludwig Erhard pl:Ludwig Erhard pt:Ludwig Erhard ru:Эрхард, Людвиг simple:Ludwig Erhard fi:Ludwig Erhard sv:Ludwig Erhard zh:路德维希·艾哈德

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