Malonyl-CoA
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Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in chain elongation in fatty acid biosynthesis and polyketide biosynthesis.
Malonyl CoA is utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis by the enzyme Malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT). MCAT serves to transfer malonate from malonyl CoA to the terminal thiol of holo acyl carrier protein (ACP).
Controversy still exists whether MCAT is also involved in bacterial polyketide biosynthesis however there is evidence that the acyl carrier protein from a variety of bacterial polyketide synthases is capable of self malonylation in the presence of malonyl CoA.
Malonyl-CoA is a highly regulated molecule in Fatty Acid synthesis; as such, it inhibits the rate-limiting step in Beta-oxidation of Fatty Acids, the association of CoA with Carnitine. This step permits CoA to enter the mitochondria.de:Malonyl-CoA
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