Mathias Zdarsky
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Mathias Zdarsky (born 25 February1856 in Kozichowitz near Třebíč District of Czech Republic; died 20 June1940 in St. Pölten, Austria) was an early ski pioneer and is considered one of the founders of modern Alpine skiing technique. He was probably Austria's first ski instructor<ref name="britanica"> Britannica.com article on Matthias Zdarsky. Retrieved on 2006-10-09. </ref>. He was also a teacher, painter and sculptor.
Inspired by Fridtjof Nansen's 1888 crossing of Greenland, he adapted skis for use on alpine terrain. In 1890 he developed a steel binding (the "Lilienfelder Stahlsohlenbindung"), which made steep mountain slopes and gate runs possible. Zdarsky felt the earlier bindings did not hold the foot firmly enough, and so he designed binding with a strong, sprung, steel sole, which is the basis of modern ski bindings. As in the earlier Norwegian skiing, he used only one ski pole. Unlike today, the skier steered by using their elbows.
In January 1905, Zdarsky demonstrated the first steep downhill descent. To show the superiority of his ski technology, he skied the "Breite Ries" at Schneeberg, Austria. On 19 March1905 he organized the first alpine ski race (on the Muckenkogel via Lilienfeld, Austria). This had 24 participants. Zdarsky won, making him the first winner of an official ski race. However the event attained little attention beyond ski enthusiasts, so in 1922 the Englishman Arnold Lunn invented the shorter, but more difficult slalom race, which had greater appeal.
During his lifetime nobody suspected Zdarsky had created the basis for a popular sport, and he was considered something of an eccentric inventor. During World War I, he taught mountain troops skiing and advanced avalanche training. He described his skiing techniques in his book Die Lilienfelder Skilauf-Technik (The Lilienfelder Ski Method). First published in 1897, seventeen editions were published up to 1925.
He is also thought to be the inventor of the bivouac sack.
[edit] References
- Michael Ponstingl, Mathias Zdarskys "Posen des Wissens". Zu einer fotografischen Kodierung des Skifahrens (Mathias Zdarskys "Bits of Wisdom". A photographic manual of ski turns), a chapter in the collection Skilauf – Volkssport – Medienzirkus. Skisport als Kulturphänomen (Ski Racing - Popular Sport - Media Circus: Sport Skiing as Cultural Phenomenon), Stuttgart: Kohl Press, 2005 (Irseer Dialoge [Dialogues of Irsee], Bd./vol. 11), pp. 123-149.
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[edit] External links
- entry for "Mathias Zdarsky“ in the Österreich-Lexikon von Annotierbares Elektronisches Interaktives Oesterreichisches Universal-Informationssystem (Aeiou Encyclopedia)
- Zdarsky ski museum in Lilienfeld, Austria (in German)
- Zdarsky archives (in German)
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Zdarsky, Mathias |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Austrian ski pioneer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 25 February1856 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kozichowitz with Trebitsch (Ko?ichovice, Czech Republic) |
| DATE OF DEATH | 20 June1940 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Sankt Poelten |
