Microevolution
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Microevolution is the occurrence of small-scale changes in allele frequencies in a population, over a few generations, also known as change at or below the species level.
These changes may be due to several processes: mutation, natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift.
Population genetics is the branch of biology that provides the mathematical structure for the study of the process of microevolution. Ecological genetics concerns itself with observing microevolution in the wild. Typically, observable instances of evolution are examples of microevolution; for example, bacterial strains that have antibiotic resistance.
Microevolution can be contrasted with macroevolution; which is the occurrence of large-scale changes in gene frequencies, in a population, over a geological time period (i.e. consisting of lots of microevolution). The difference is largely one of approach. Microevolution is reductionist, but macroevolution is holistic. Each approach offers different insights into evolution.
| Basic topics in evolutionary biology
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| Evidence of evolution |
| Processes of evolution: adaptation - macroevolution - microevolution - speciation |
| Population genetic mechanisms: selection - genetic drift - gene flow - mutation |
| Evo-devo concepts: phenotypic plasticity - canalisation - modularity |
| Modes of evolution: anagenesis - catagenesis - cladogenesis |
| History: History of evolutionary thought - Charles Darwin - The Origin of Species - modern evolutionary synthesis |
| Other subfields: ecological genetics - human evolution - molecular evolution - phylogenetics - systematics |
| List of evolutionary biology topics | Timeline of evolution |
de:Mikroevolution es:Microevolución lt:Mikroevoliucija pl:Mikroewolucja pt:Microevolução ro:Microevoluţie sv:Mikroevolution
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