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Artery: Middle cerebral artery
Image:Gray517.png
Outer surface of cerebral hemisphere, showing areas supplied by cerebral arteries.
The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. The middle cerebral arteries (top of figure) arise from the internal carotid arteries.
Latin	arteria cerebri media
Gray's	subject #146 572
Source	internal carotid arteries
Dorlands/Elsevier	a_61/12153812

The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired arteries that supplies blood to the brain. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex. It also supplies blood to the anterior temporal lobes and the insular cortices.

The MCAs rise from trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries and thus are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries and the posterior communicating arteries, which connect to the posterior cerebral arteries. The MCAs are not considered a part of the Circle of Willis.<ref>Moore KL, Dalley AR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 4th Ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Toronto. Copyright 1999. ISBN 0-683-06141-0.</ref>

Contents 1 Areas supplied 2 Occlusion 3 Reference 4 External link

[edit] Areas supplied

Areas supplied by the middle cerebral artery include:

1. The bulk of the lateral surface of the hemisphere. Exceptions are the superior inch of the frontal and parietal lobes and the inferior part of the temporal lobe and the occipital pole, which are supplied by the posterior cerebral artery.
2. Part of the internal capsule and basal ganglia

[edit] Occlusion

Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery may result in the following defects:

1. Paralysis of the contralateral face, arm and leg
2. Sensory loss in the contralateral face, arm and leg
3. Aphasia(e.g. Broca's Wernicke's, conduction, and anomic types).when the dominant hemisphere(usually the left hemisphere for right handed individuals) is affected
4. Left-sided neglect with damage to the right hemisphere
5. Homonymous hemianopia or quadrantanopia.

[edit] Reference

<references/>

[edit] External link

• Loyola
• SUNY Labs 28:09-0215

Arteries of head and neckedit

EXTERNAL CAROTID: Anterior: superior thyroid - superior laryngeal - lingual (sublingual) facial: cervical branches (ascending palatine - tonsillar - submental) - facial branches (inferior labial - superior labial - lateral nasal - angular) Posterior and ascending: occipital - posterior auricular - stylomastoid - ascending pharyngeal (meningeal branches) Terminal: superficial temporal - transverse facial - middle temporal (zygomaticoörbital) - parietal branch internal maxillary - 1st part: anterior tympanic - deep auricular - middle meningeal - superior tympanic - accessory meningeal - inferior alveolar - lingual 2nd part: deep temporal - masseteric - buccinator - posterior superior alveolar 3rd part: infraorbital - descending palatine - artery of the pterygoid canal - sphenopalatine | (Gray's s144) INTERNAL CAROTID: cervical portion - petrous portion - cavernous portion ophthalmic - orbital group: lacrimal - supra-orbital - posterior ethmoidal - anterior ethmoidal - medial palpebral - supratrochlear - dorsal nasal ocular group: central retinal - ciliary cerebral portion: anterior cerebral - anterior communicating - middle cerebral - posterior communicating - anterior choroidal - circle of Willis | (Gray's s146 - Gray's s147) SUBCLAVIAN: vertebral: meningeal branches - posterior spinal - anterior spinal - posterior inferior cerebellar - basilar (internal auditory - anterior inferior cerebellar - superior cerebellar - posterior cerebral) thyrocervical trunk: inferior thyroid - inferior laryngeal - ascending cervical - suprascapular - transverse cervical - dorsal scapular internal thoracic: musculophrenic - anterior intercostal - pericardiacophrenic - superior epigastric costocervical trunk: highest intercostal, deep cervical | (Gray's s148)

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