Nichelle Nichols

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Image:Nichelle Nichols.jpg Nichelle Nichols (born Grace Nichols on December 28 1933) is an American singer and actress. She sang with Duke Ellington and Lionel Hampton before turning to acting. Her most famous role was playing communications officer Lieutenant Uhura aboard the USS Enterprise in the popular Star Trek television series, as well as the succeeding motion picture spinoffs, where her character was eventually promoted in Starfleet to the rank of commander.

1 Early life and career
2 Star Trek
3 NASA work and other post-Trek activities
4 Partial Filmography
5 Books
- 5.1 Fiction
- 5.2 Non-fiction
6 External links

[edit] Early life and career

Nichelle Nichols was born in Robbins, Illinois, near Chicago. Her father was both the town mayor of Robbins and its chief magistrate. She studied in Chicago as well as New York and Los Angeles. During her time in New York, Nichelle appeared at the famous "Blue Angel" and Playboy Clubs, as a singer. She also appeared in the role of Carmen for a Chicago stock company production of Carmen Jones.

She has twice been nominated for the Sara Siddon Award as best actress and is an accomplished dancer and singer. Her first Siddon nomination was for her portrayal of Hazel Sharp in Kicks and Co., and the second for her performance in The Blacks.

Nichols toured the United States, Canada and Europe as a singer with the Duke Ellington and Lionel Hampton bands. On the West Coast, she appeared in The Roar of the Greasepaint—the Smell of the Crowd, For My People, and garnered high praise for her performance in the James Baldwin play, Blues for Mister Charlie. Prior to being cast as Lt. Uhura in Star Trek, Nichols was a guest actress on television producer Gene Roddenberry's first series, The Lieutenant.

[edit] Star Trek

Image:Nichelle-Nichols-GPN-2004-00017.jpg

However, it was in Star Trek that Nichols gained popularity by being one of the first African American women to be featured in a major television series. During the first year of the series, Nichols was tempted to leave the show as she felt her role lacked significance, but a conversation with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. changed her mind. Dr. King personally encouraged her to stay on the show, telling her that he was a big fan of the series and told her she "could not give up"... for she was playing a vital role model for young black children and women across the country. There is a popular urban myth that King had spoken to Nichols after seeing the "Kiss Scene" on the episode Plato's Stepchildren. An impossibility, given that this episode premiered several months after his murder. After the first season, Uhura's role on the series was expanded beyond just manning the communications console.

Former NASA astronaut Mae Jemison has cited Nichols' role of Lt. Uhura as her inspiration for wanting to become an astronaut and Whoopi Goldberg has also spoken of Nichols' influence.

In her role as Lt. Uhura, she participated in the first interracial kiss on U.S. television, with Canadian actor William Shatner (as Captain James T. Kirk) in the 1968 Star Trek episode "Plato's Stepchildren". The scene provoked protest and was seen as groundbreaking, even though the kiss was portrayed as having been forced by alien mind control. The episode was not telecast in some Southern cities as a result of the protests in those states; nevertheless, it caused many viewers to contact the broadcaster and the majority of the feedback of the incident was positive. It was over twenty-five years before it was broadcast on British television. During the Comedy Central roast of Shatner on August 20, 2006, she referred to the incident and said, "Let's make TV history again ... and you can kiss my black ass!"

Despite the cancellation of the series in 1969, Star Trek lived on in other ways, and continued to play a part in Nichols's life. She again provided the voice of Uhura in Star Trek: The Animated Series, in one episode of which, "The Lorelei Signal", Uhura assumes command of the Enterprise. (Nichols noted in her autobiography that she had been frustrated that this never occurred during the original, live-action series.) Also, Nichols has costarred in six Star Trek films, her last being Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country.

[edit] NASA work and other post-Trek activities

After the cancellation of Star Trek, Nichols volunteered her time in a special project with NASA to recruit minority and female personnel for the space agency, which proved to be a spectacular success. They include Dr. Sally K. Ride, the first American female astronaut and United States Air Force Col. Guion Bluford, the first African-American astronaut, as well as Dr. Judith Resnik and Dr. Ronald McNair, who both flew successful missions during the space shuttle program before their deaths in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster on January 28, 1986.

An enthusiastic advocate of space exploration, Nichols has served since the mid-1980s on the Board of Governors of the National Space Society, a nonprofit, educational space advocacy organization founded by Dr. Wernher von Braun.

Always interested in space travel, Nichelle flew aboard NASA's C-141 Astronomy Observatory, which analyzed the atmospheres of Mars and Saturn on an eight hour, high-altitude mission. She was also a special guest at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California on July 17, 1976 to view the Viking 1 soft landing on Mars. Along with the other cast members from the original Star Trek series, Nichelle attended the christening of the first space shuttle, Enterprise, at the North American Rockwell assembly facility in Palmdale, California.

In 1994, she published her autobiography Beyond Uhura: Star Trek and Other Memories. In it she states that she had a lengthy love affair with Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry.

Between the end of the original series and the Star Trek animated show and feature films, Nichols starred in minor roles in film and TV. She portrayed a foul-mouthed madam in Truck Turner (1974) opposite Isaac Hayes. She appeared as one of Al Gore's Vice Presidential Action Rangers in the "Anthology of Interest I" episode of the animated series Futurama, and provided the voice of her own head in a jar in the episode "Where No Fan Has Gone Before". She also played the recurring role of Diane Maza in the animated series Gargoyles and played the role of Thoth-Kopeira in an episode of Batman: The Animated Series.

Nichols' brother Thomas was a member of the Heaven's Gate cult; he died on March 26, 1997 in their mass suicide.

Nichols' son is actor Kyle Johnson, who portrayed the lead in Gordon Parks' The Learning Tree.

[edit] Partial Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Other notes
2007	Escape from Heaven (announced)	Jules
2006	Lady Magdalene's (post-production)	Lady Magdalene/Maggie
2005	Are We There Yet?	Miss Mable
2002	Snow Dogs	Amelia Brooks
1994	Star Trek: Judgment Rites (VG)	Lt. Uhura
	Batman: The Animated Series (TV)	Thoth Khepera	episode "Avatar"
	Gargoyles (TV)	Diane Maza	guest star in four episodes through 1998.
1992	Star Trek: 25th Anniversary Enhanced (VG)	Lt. Uhura
1991	Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country	Cmdr. Uhura
1989	Star Trek V: The Final Frontier	Cmdr. Uhura
1986	The Supernaturals	Sgt. Leona Hawkins
1986	Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home	Cmdr. Uhura
1984	Star Trek III: The Search for Spock	Cmdr. Uhura
1982	Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan	Cmdr. Uhura
1979	Star Trek: The Motion Picture	Lt. Cmdr. Uhura
1974	Truck Turner	Dorinda
1973	Star Trek: The Animated Series (TV)	Lt. Uhura/Additional voices
1966	Star Trek (TV)	Lt. Uhura	series ran through 1969.
1964	The Lieutenant (TV)	Norma Bartlett
1959	Porgy and Bess	bit part	(uncredited)