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Ninoy Aquino International Airport

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Ninoy Aquino International Airport

Image:MIAA Logo.png

IATA: MNL - ICAO: RPLL
Summary

<tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Airport type</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">public</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Operator</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Serves</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Manila</td></tr>

Elevation AMSL 75 ft (23 m)
Coordinates 14°30′31″N, 121°01′10″E
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
06/24 12,261 3,737 Concrete
13/31 7,408 2,258 Concrete

The Ninoy Aquino International Airport (Filipino: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Ninoy Aquino) or NAIA (IATA: MNL, ICAO: RPLL) is the international airport that serves Manila, in the Philippines, and its surrounding metropolitan area. It is the main international gateway of the country. Its main alternate airports are Diosdado Macapagal International Airport in Angeles City, Mactan-Cebu International Airport in Lapu-Lapu City, Metro Cebu and the Francisco Bangoy International Airport in Davao City

It is located along the border between Pasay City and Parañaque City in Metro Manila. It is about 7 kilometers south of the country's capital Manila, and southwest of Makati City's Central Business District.

The airport is managed by the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA), a branch of the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC).

From May 2005 to May 2006, the airport handled 16,466,000 passengers.

Contents

[edit] History

Image:OLD-MIAA.jpg

The original airport that served Manila, the Manila International Air Terminal, was opened in July 1937 on Nielson Field, located in what is now the central business district of Makati. In 1948, the airport was moved to its current site adjacent to the Villamor Airbase, which was then called Nichols Field. The original structure was built on what is now the site of the NAIA-2. In 1981, a new structure was built after a fire damaged the old terminal building, and this new structure is what is now NAIA-1. The new terminal was capable of handling more passengers than the old terminal. Previously named Manila International Airport, it was later renamed to its present name on August 17, 1987, by virtue of Republic Act No. 6639, with the intention of honoring Benigno Aquino Jr., whose nickname was Ninoy. Ninoy was the husband of former president Corazon Aquino, and the opposition senator who was assassinated at the airport shortly after he arrived in the country following his political exile in Massachusetts, United States.

Plans for a new terminal were conceived in 1989, when the Department of Transportation and Communications commissioned Aéroports de Paris to do a study to expand the Ninoy Aquino International Airport's capacity. The recommendation was to build two new terminals, and so NAIA-2 and NAIA-3 were built in the succeeding years.

[edit] Terminals

[edit] Terminal 1

The development of the Manila International Airport was spearheaded by President Ferdinand E. Marcos, through the promulgation of Executive Order No. 381, which authorized the airport's development. In 1973, a feasibility study/airpot master plan was done by Airways Engineering Corporation through a US$29.6 million loan from the Asian Development Bank. The Detailed Engineering Design of the New Manila International Airport Development Project was done by Renardet-Sauti/Transplan/F.F. Cruz Consultant while the terminal's Detailed Architectural Design was prepared by Leandro Locsin's L.V. Locsin and Associates.<ref name="T1">Airport : Terminal 1 Manila International Airport Authority Accessed September 7, 2006</ref>

In 1974, the detailed designs were adopted by the Philippine Government and was subsequently approved by the Asian Development Bank on September 18, 1975. Actual work on the terminal began during the second quarter of 1978.

The terminal was completed in 1981 and had a size of 67,000 square meters with a design capacity of 4.5 million passengers per year. It currently serves all non-Philippine Airlines international flights. In 1989, a Master Plan Review recommended the construction of two new terminals (NAIA 2 and NAIA 3), as well as many other facility improvements.<ref name="T1" />

The terminal reached capacity in 1991, when it registered a total passenger volume of 4.53 million. Since 1991, the terminal has been over capacity and has been recording an annual average growth rate of 11%.<ref name="T1" /> It has 18 airbridges and services 27 airlines (as of July 2006). Interestingly enough, the building does not have a Gate 8 and a Gate 13. Compared to international terminals in other Asian countries, Terminal 1 consistently ranks at the bottom, with limited and outdated facilities, poor passenger comfort, and the facility long ago exceeded its design capacity.[citation needed] Extremely long waits are common everywhere from passenger check-in, through a crowded and stuffy immigration area, and on toward the gates areas which sometimes do not have enough seating for passengers.

[edit] Terminal 2 "Centennial Terminal"

The second terminal, NAIA-2, located at the Old MIA Road and was finished in 1998 and began operations in 1999. It has been named Centennial Terminal in commemoration of the centennial year of the declaration of Philippine independence. The 75,000 square meter terminal was originally designed by Aéroports de Paris to be a domestic terminal, but the design was later modified to accommodate international flights.[citation needed] It has a capacity of 2.5 million passengers per year in its international wing and 5 million in its domestic wing, which later will expand to nine million passengers yearly. Terminal 2 is the home of Philippine Airlines and is used for both its domestic and international flights. It has the most flights out of all the NAIA terminals.[citation needed] This terminal is used by Philippine Airlines and its sister company Air Philippines It is divided into 2 wings the North Wing which handles international flights and the South Wing which handles domestic flights. It currently has 12 airbridges.

The need for two more terminals was proposed by a Master Plan Review of the Ninoy Aquino International Airpot that was undertaken in 1989 by Aéroports de Paris (ADP), which was facilitated through a grant from the French Government. The review cost 2.9 million French francs and was submitted to the Philippine Government for evaluation in 1990.<ref name="T1" />

In 1991, the French Government granted a 30 million franc soft loan to the Government of the Philippines, which was to be used to cover the Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design of the NAIA Terminal 2. ADP completed the design in 1992 and in 1994, the Japanese Government granted an 18.12 billion yen soft loan to the Philippine Government to finance 75% of the terminal's construction costs and 100% of the supervision costs. Construction on the terminal began on December 11, 1995 and was formally turned over to the Government of the Philippines on December 28, 1998

[edit] Terminal 3

Image:NAIA3A.JPG
Further information: Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3

The third terminal of NAIA, the larger Terminal 3, was approved for construction in 1997 and the structure was mostly completed several years ago and was originally schedule to open in 2002. The modern 640 million-dollar, 189,000 square-meter facility was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) to have a capacity of 13 million passengers per year. However, a legal dispute between the government of the Philippines and the project's main contractor, the Philippine International Air Terminal Corporation (PIATCo), over the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) contract, continues to delay final completion and opening of the terminal.

[edit] Manila Domestic Passenger Terminal

This terminal is host to all Philippine domestic flights that are not served by Philippine Airlines or Air Philippines. It has no jet bridges but instead uses movable stairways, with passengers either being transported to the terminal or vice versa either by bus or on foot. The Domestic Terminal on the old Airport Road was built in 1948 and is located near the north end of Runway 13/31. An old hangar has since been annexed to the terminal.

[edit] Airlines

The following airlines serve Ninoy Aquino International Airport (as of November 2006):

[edit] Terminal 1

[edit] Terminal 2 "Centennial Terminal"

  • North Wing
    • Philippine Airlines (Bangkok, Beijing, Busan, Fukuoka, Guam, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Jakarta, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Nagoya, Okinawa, Osaka-Kansai, San Francisco, Seoul-Incheon, Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei-Taiwan Taoyuan, Tokyo-Narita, Vancouver, Xiamen)
  • South Wing
    • Philippine Airlines (Bacolod, Butuan, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Cotobato City, Davao, Dipolog, General Santos, Iloilo, Kalibo, Laoag, Legazpi, Naga, Puerto Princesa, Roxas City, Tacloban, Tagbilaran, Zamboanga)
    • Air Philippines (Bacolod, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Dumaguete, General Santos, Iloilo, Puerto Princesa, Tugueragao, Zamboanga)

[edit] Terminal 3

As of March 2007, all airlines from Terminal 1, possibly Terminal 2 and the Domestic Terminal are going to move all operations to Terminal 3 if the terminal does indeed open.

[edit] Manila Domestic Passenger Terminal

  • Asian Spirit (Angeles City, Baguio, Basco, Busuanga, Calbayog, Catarman, Davao, Malay, Masbate, Pagadian (seasonal), San Fernando, San Jose (Antique), Surigao, Virac)
  • Cebu Pacific (Bacolod, Butuan, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Cotabato City, Davao, Dipolog, Dumaguete, General Santos, Iloilo, Kalibo, Laoag, Legazpi, Puerto Princesa, Roxas City, Tacloban, Tagbilaran, Zamboanga City)
  • Corporate Air (Malay)
  • Interisland Airlines (Malay, Tablas)
  • South East Asian Airlines (Angeles, Basco [seasonal], Busuanga, El Nido, Malay, Taytay)

[edit] Former airlines

The following airlines previously served Ninoy Aquino International Airport:

[edit] International Cargo Terminal

The following cargo airlines serve Ninoy Aquino International Airport:

Note: Philippine carriers use different hangars for their cargo services, whether domestic or international.

[edit] Structure

[edit] Runways

NAIA has a primary runway (3,737 m) running at 061°/241° (designated as Runway 06/24) and a secondary runway (2,258 m) running at 136°/316° (designated as Runway 13/31).

NAIA has two operational international terminals, with the third one scheduled to open by March 2006, and a separate domestic terminal.

[edit] Other structures

The airport also serves as a gateway facility of the logistics company DHL, and hosts the aircraft repair and maintenance facilities of German firm Lufthansa Technik AG, a division of Lufthansa.

[edit] Ground transportation

Taxi service is available to NAIA from all points of Metro Manila. Also, jeepney and bus routes are also available to the airport. Both forms of transportation connect all three NAIA terminals as well.

The airport is also connected to the Light Rail Transit line 1 (LRT-1) by a two-kilometer taxi ride to Baclaran station.In the future, another LRT line is to be constructed to connect LRT-1's Baclaran Station directly to the airport's 3 terminals.

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

<references/>

[edit] External links

nl:Ninoy Aquino International Airport ja:ニノイ・アキノ国際空港 tl:Pandaigdigang Paliparan ng Ninoy Aquino

Retrieved from "http://en.wikivisual.com/index.php/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airport"
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