Non-Muslim view of Umar
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- This is a sub-article to Umar.
The history of non-Muslim scholarship on Umar generally Umar as a pivotal figure in the history of Islam, since it was under his aegis that the Muslims expanded outwards from the Syro-Arabian steppe and fought the great powers of the time, the Sassanid and Byzantine empires.
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[edit] David Samuel Margoliouth
David Samuel Margoliouth, a 20th century Non-Muslim Islamic scholar writes:
| Yet, we have no record of any occasion on which Umar displayed remarkable courage, though many examples are at hand of his cruelty and bloodthirstiness; at the battle of Hunain he ran away, and on another occasion owed his life to the good nature of an enemy." <ref> Mohammed and the Rise of Islam p164</ref> |
[edit] William Muir
William Muir, a 20th century Non-Muslim Islamic scholar is quoted as saying that Umar had a "liberal and tolerant policy" <ref>On a note of Apology of al-Kindy page 200</ref>
[edit] Edward Gibbon
Edward Gibbon, a 18th century non-Muslim Islamic scholar wrote
He also wrote that Ali did not listen...
Also, after evaluating the Shi'a and Sunni views of the four first caliphs, he writes:
[edit] Jewish Virtual Library
The Jewish Virtual Library writes:
