Peugeot 405
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| Peugeot 405<tr><td colspan=2>Image:Peugeot405.jpg</tr> | |
| Manufacturer: | Peugeot<tr><th>Production:<td>1988–1997</tr><tr><th>Predecessor:<td>Peugeot 404</tr><tr><th>Successor:<td>Peugeot 406</tr><tr><th>Class:<td>Large family car</tr><tr><th>Body style:<td>4-door sedan 5-door wagon</tr><tr><th>Platform:<td>FF</tr><tr><th>Engine:<td>Inline-4, 1.6-2.0 L, petrol/diesel</tr><tr><th>Similar:<td>Audi 80 Citroën BX Citroën Xantia Ford Mondeo Ford Sierra Honda Accord Renault 21 Renault Laguna</tr> |
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The Peugeot 405 is a large family car released by the French automaker Peugeot in 1988 and which continues to be manufactured under license outside France. The 405 was voted European Car of the Year in 1988.
Contents |
[edit] Design and styling
Its appearance resembles that of the Alfa Romeo 164, launched the same year, and also styled by Pininfarina.
It has been available in left-hand and right-hand-drive versions, as a saloon and station wagon, in front-wheel, rear-wheel, and four-wheel drive.
[edit] Production and markets
About 2.5 million vehicles have been sold worldwide. It took over from the smaller 305 and partially replaced the larger 505.
Designed in France, it has been manufactured at
- Europe: from 1988 to 1997 at Sochaux and Ryton.
- Zimbabwe: until 2002 by Quest
- Iran: currently produced by Iran Khodro; There is also the Peugeot Pars, also known as the Peugeot Persia, which is a facelifted 405. It has a redesigned front end including clear lens headlights and a more modern rear end.
- Egypt: Wagih Abaza produces the 405 and markets other models.
The 405 was the last Peugeot vehicle sold in the US, the company withdrawing in 1991 Peugeot withdraws from US due to market reaction to 405 model.
[edit] Timeline
- 1987: In July, Peugeot unveiled 10 versions of the 405 simultaneously for the 1988 model year. The 405 was available as a 4-door only. Four-cylinder petrol engines included 65, 92, 110, 125, and 160 hp (48, 69, 82, 93, and 119 kW) units.
- 1988: 70 and 90 hp (52 and 67 kW) diesel engines are added to the range.
- 1989: Estate introduced. 500,000 vehicles already produced.
- 1990: In France, the 1 millionth 405 leaves the Sochaux factory. BE1 transmission replaced by the BE3.
- 1991: Updates to the dashboard, steering wheel, and soundproofing.
- 1992: Launch of the turbocharged, 16-valve, four wheel drive 405 T16.
- 1993: New boot (trunk) with better ingress, new dashboard.
- 1995: The 405's replacement, the 406 is introduced. 405 saloon discontinued.
- 1997: Estate discontinued in Europe, marking the end of European production of the 405.
[edit] Versions
- GL - 1.6 L 8-valve carburreted, basic model
- GLX - 1.9 L 8-valve Turbo Diesel, luxury specification including rear spolier
- GR - 1.9 L 110 hp 8-valve carburreted, basic model
- SR - Same as GL but included optionals such as power windows, climate control, body coloured rear view mirrors and door handles.
- SRi /GRi - 1.9 L 128 hp 8-valve fuel injected, based on the same engine as the 205 GTI 1.9.
- Mi16 - Initially 1.9L (1905cc) 16-valve fuel injected, with 148 hp. The engine of the Mi16 was later used by Peugeot as the basis for the engine in the 206 WRC, winning two championships. The engine underwent a redesign for model year 1993; its displacement was increased to 2.0 L and in programming the injection system some peak horsepower was traded for more torque.
- Mi16x4 - Mi16 with a constant four wheel drive system.
- T16 - The top of the line, 225 hp 2.0 L 16-valve turbocharged XU10J4TE engine with watercooled chargecooler, constant four wheel drive with 53/47% power distrubution. 1046 examples were built, 10 of them for the French Police!
[edit] Motorsport
The most famous motorsport version of the 405, the rallying 405 Turbo 16 GR, was very different from the road-going 405. It was built in a coupe body style in mid-engine configuration, had constant four wheel drive with electronically-adjustable center differential like the 205 T16, as it was based on the same technology. Only two examples were made, one raced hill climbs and the other competed in the Paris-Dakar rally. Today, one is in the official Peugeot museum, and the other is in a private collection.
- 1988: Finnish driver Ari Vatanen set a new record in the Pikes Peak International Hillclimb. Kankkunen and Piironen win the Paris-Dakar Rally in the 405 T16 GR.
- 1989: Victory in the Paris-Dakar rally by the Vatanen-Ickx team in a 405 T16 GR.
- 1990: Victory in the Paris-Dakar rally by the Vatanen-Berglund team in a 405 T16 GR.
Racing 405s much closer in specification to the road-going models were campaigned for several years in European touring car racing during the early to mid 1990s, most notably in the British Touring Car Championship and the French Supertourisme Championship. In Britain, the 405 did not achieve much success, but the car won the French series in both 1994 and 1995, in the hands of Laurent Aïello.
[edit] Trivia
- Two examples of the purpose-built 405 Turbo-16 GR were made, although no coupe was commercialised, unlike the 504 and 406.
- The 405 platform is used in the Iranian 'National Car', the IranKhodro Samand.
- The 405's TV advertising campaign in the UK featured the Berlin hit "Take my breath away".
- The 405 was a strong seller in the UK, and in 1991 appeared in the country's top 10 new car sales figures for the first time. In 1992, 1993 and 1994, it was Peugeot's best-selling car in the UK.
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| City car | 104 | 106 | 107 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supermini | 203 | 204 | 205 | 206 | 207 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Small family car | 304 | 305 | 309 | 306 | 307 | 308 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Large family car | 403 | 404 | 405 | 406 | 407 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Executive car | 504 | 505 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Leisure activity vehicle | Partner | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Large MPV | 806 | 807 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SUV | P4 | 4007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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