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For the robot E-121 Phi, see Emerl.

Greek alphabet
Α α Alpha	Ν ν Nu
Β β Beta	Ξ ξ Xi
Γ γ Gamma	Ο ο Omicron
Δ δ Delta	Π π Pi
Ε ε Epsilon	Ρ ρ Rho
Ζ ζ Zeta	Σ σ ς Sigma
Η η Eta	Τ τ Tau
Θ θ Theta	Υ υ Upsilon
Ι ι Iota	Φ φ Phi
Κ κ Kappa	Χ χ Chi
Λ λ Lambda	Ψ ψ Psi
Μ μ Mu	Ω ω Omega
Obsolete letters
Ϝ ϝ Digamma	Ϻ ϻ San
Ϙ ϙ Qoppa	Ϡ ϡ Sampi
Ϛ ϛ Stigma	Ϸ ϸ Sho

Image:Greek Letter Phi.svg Phi (upper case Φ or <math>\Phi</math>; lower case φ, φ, <math>\phi</math> or <math>\varphi</math>), pronounced "fee" in Greek and sometimes as "fai" (as in "defy") in English, is the 21st letter of the Greek alphabet. In modern Greek, it represents [f], a voiceless labiodental fricative. In Ancient Greek it represented [pʰ], an aspirated voiceless bilabial plosive. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 500 (φʹ) or 500,000 (͵φ).

The lower-case letter φ (or often its variant, <math>\varphi</math>) is used as a symbol for:

• The golden ratio 1.618... in mathematics, art, and architecture.
• Euler's totient function φ(n) in number theory; also called Euler's phi function.
• An angle, typically the second angle mentioned, after θ (theta). Especially:
  • The argument of a complex number.
  • The phase of a wave in signal processing.
  • In spherical coordinates phi is usually used to represent the angle to the z axis (mathematics convention) or the angle to the x axis (physics convention).
  • One of the dihedral angles in the backbones of proteins.
• Any function in mathematics.
• Electric potential in physics.
• The work function in electronics.
• A shorthand representation for an aromatic functional group in organic chemistry
• The ratio of free energy destabilizations of protein mutants in phi value analysis
• A sentence in first-order logic.

The upper-case letter Φ is used as a symbol for;

• The magnetic flux and electric flux in physics, with subscripts distinguishing the two.
• The Cumulative Normal Distribution function in statistics.
• Philosophy.
• The diameter symbol in engineering is often referred to as "phi". This symbol is used to indicate the diameter of a circular section, for example 14 means the diameter of the circle is 14 units.
• Strength (or resistance) reduction factor in structural engineering, used to account for statistical variabilities in materials and construction methods.
• The number of phases in a power system in electrical engineering, for example 1Φ for single phase, 3Φ for three phase.

See also phi phenomenon.

als:Φ

arc:Φ br:Phi (lizherenn) bg:Фи ca:Fi da:Phi de:Phi el:Φι es:Φ eu:Phi fr:Phi gd:Phi gl:Fi ko:Φ it:Phi (lettera) he:פי hu:Fi nl:Phi (letter) ja:Φ no:Phi nn:Phi nds:Phi pl:Fi pt:Φ ru:Фи (буква) fi:Fii sv:Fi zh:Φ