Philodromid crab spider
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| 29 genera, 517 species
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The Philodromid crab spiders (family Philodromidae), used to belong to the family Thomisidae which are considered true crab spiders.
However, studies have shown that these two spider groups, though similar, are not as closely related as previously thought. Unlike thomisids, philodromids tend to have few true setae (hairs or spines) on their bodies. They also lack the congruent eye tubercles of some thomisids. The second legs are usually the longer of the four pairs of walking legs and in the genus Ebo this is quite extreme, with the second pair of legs in some species twice as long as the first pair.
The most common genus is Philodromus which, like Ebo is widespread. Other common genera include the elongate grass-dwelling Tibellus and the widespread Thanatus, which includes the widely distributed Holarctic house crab spider Thanatus vulgaris. This species commonly captures flies on and in buildings.
The family contains over 500 species in nearly 30 genera. Most are dull colored- brown, gray, yellowish or mottled, and seldom reach above 10 mm in body length. Most have a leaf-like cardiac mark on the anterior dorsal abdomen. None of the species build webs, but they do use silk for draglines and for egg sacs.
[edit] Genera
- Apollophanes O. P-Cambridge, 1898 (USA to Panama, India, Russia, Korea)
- Bacillocnemis Mello-Leitão, 1938 (Argentina)
- Berlandiella Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Brazil)
- Catuna Mello-Leitão, 1940 (Argentina)
- Cleocnemis Simon, 1886 (South America)
- Ebo Keyserling, 1884 (Argentina, North America, India, Russia, Israel)
- Fageia Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Brazil)
- Gephyrellula Strand, 1932 (Brazil)
- Gephyrina Simon, 1895 (South America)
- Gephyrota Strand, 1932 (Africa, Asia)
- Hirriusa Strand, 1932 (Africa)
- Metacleocnemis Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Brazil)
- Pagiopalus Simon, 1900 (Hawai'i)
- Paracleocnemis Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942 (Argentina)
- Paratibellus Simon, 1932 (Europe to Central Asia)
- Pedinopistha Karsch, 1880 (Hawai'i)
- Petrichus Simon, 1886 (South America)
- Philodromops Mello-Leitão, 1943 (Brazil)
- Philodromus Walckenaer, 1826 (Holarctic, America, Australia, Africa, southern Asia)
- Procleocnemis Mello-Leitão, 1929 (Brazil)
- Psellonus Simon, 1897 (India)
- Pseudopsellonus Balogh, 1936 (New Guinea)
- Quemedice Mello-Leitão, 1942 (Argentina)
- Senoculifer Balogh, 1936 (New Guinea)
- Suemus Simon, 1895 (Africa, Vietnam)
- Thanatus C. L. Koch, 1837 (Africa, Holarctic, South America)
- Tibellus Simon, 1875 (Africa, America, Holarctic, southern Asia)
- Tibitanus Simon, 1907 (Africa)
- Vacchellia Caporiacco, 1935 (Karakorum)
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