Poltava
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For other uses, see Poltava (disambiguation).
| Полтава Poltava | |
| |
| Location | |
|---|---|
| Image:Poltawa-Ukraine-Map.png | |
| Government | |
| Oblast | Poltava Oblast |
| Mayor | |
| Geographical characteristics | |
| Area | 103.0 km² |
| Population - City - Density | 313,400 (2004) 3,100/km² |
| Coordinates | |
| Other infoformation | |
| Founded | 899 (previously believed 1174) |
| Area code | +380 532<tr><td colspan="2" align="center" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:3px solid gray;font-size:90%;">Municipal website</td></tr> |
Image:Poltava 1850 Main Square.PNG
Poltava (Ukrainian and Russian: Полта́ва) is a city in central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Poltava Oblast (province), as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Poltavsky Raion (district) within the oblast. The city itself is also designated as its own separate raion within the oblast. The current estimated population is 313,400 (as of 2004).
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[edit] History
It is still unknown when the city was founded. Baltavar Kubrat's grave was fount in its vicinity, and its name derives from the title he, his predecessors and his successors bore. Though the town was not attested before 1174, municipal authorities chose to celebrate the town's 1100th anniversary in 1999, for reasons unknown. The settlement is indeed an old one, as archeologists unearthed a Paleolithic dwelling as well as Scythian remains within the city limits.
The present name of the city is traditionally connected to the settlement Ltava which is mentioned in the Hypatian Chronicle in 1174. The region belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 14th century. The Polish administration took over in 1569. In 1648 Poltava was captured by the Ruthenian-Polish magnate Jeremi Wiśniowiecki (1612-51). Poltava was the base of a distinguished regiment of the Ukrainian Cossacks. In 1667 the town passed to the Russian Empire.
In the Battle of Poltava on June 27, 1709 (Old Style), or 8 July (New Style), tsar Peter the Great, commanding 45,000 troops, defeated at Poltava a Swedish army of 29,000 troops led by Field Marshal Carl Gustaf Rehnskiöld (who had received the command of the army after the wounding of the Swedish king Charles XII on June 17). "Like a Swede at Poltava" remains a simile for "totally helpless" in Russian and Ukrainian idiom. The battle marked the end of Sweden as a great power and the rise of Russia as one.
The city played host to the Mir Yeshiva during World War I and until 1921.
[edit] Sights
The centre of the old city is a semicircular Neoclassical square with the Tuscan column of cast iron (1805-11), commemorating the centenary of the Battle of Poltava and featuring 18 Swedish cannons captured in that battle. As Peter the Great celebrated his victory in the Saviour church, this 17th-century wooden shrine was carefully preserved to this day. The five-domed city cathedral, dedicated to the Exaltation of the Cross, is a superb monument of Cossack Baroque, built between 1699 and 1709. As a whole, the cathedral presents a unity which even the Neoclassical belltower has failed to mar. Another frothy Baroque church, dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos, was destroyed in 1934 and rebuilt in the 1990s.
[edit] Famous people from Poltava
- Nikolai Gogol, writer and playwright
- Alexander Gavrilovitch Gurvitch, Russian physician and biologist
- Nikolai Yaroshenko, Russian painter
- Ivan Kotlyarevsky, Ukrainian writer, poet and playwright
- Anatoliy Vasilievich Lunacharsky, Russian Marxist revolutionary and the first Soviet People's Commissar of Enlightenment responsible for culture and education
- Ivan Paskevich, Ukrainian military leader in the Russian service
- Symon Petlura, Ukrainian socialist politician and statesman
- Zhanna Prokhorenko, Ukrainian actress
- Marie Bashkirtseff, 19th c. Parisian painter, memoirist
- Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, a historian, Labor Zionist leader, and the second and longest serving Israeli president.
[edit] External links
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: |
| Image:Poltawa-oblast-COA.PNG | Subdivisions of Poltava Oblast, Ukraine | Image:Flag of Ukraine.svg |
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Raions: Chornukhynskyi | Chutivskyi | Dykanskyi | Hadyatskyi | Hlobynskyi | Hrebinkivskyi | Karlivskyi | Khorolskyi | Kobeliatskyi | Kotelevskyi | Kozelschynskyi | Kremenchutskyi | Lokhvytskyi | Lubenskyi | Mashivskyi | Myrhorodskyi | Novosanzharskyi | Orzhytskyi | Poltavskyi | Pyryatynskyi | Reshetylivskyi | Semenivskyi | Shyshatskyi | Velykobahachanskyi | Zinkivskyi | ||
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Cities: Chervonozavodske | Hadiach | Hlobyne | Hrebinka | Karlivka | Khorol | Kobeliaky | Komsomolsk, Ukraine | Kremenchuk | Lokhvytsia | Lubny | Myrhorod | Poltava | Pyriatyn | Zinkiv | ||
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Urban-type settlements: Chornukhy | Chutove | Dykanka | Kotelva | Kozelschyna | Mashivka | Novi Sanzhary | Orzhytsia | Reshetylivka | Semenivka | Shyshaky | Velyka Bahachka | more... | ||
da:Poltava de:Poltawa es:Poltava fr:Poltava ko:폴타바 id:Poltava he:פולטבה nl:Poltava ja:ポルタヴァ pl:Połtawa ru:Полтава fi:Pultava sv:Poltava uk:Полтава zh:波尔塔瓦
