Public speaking

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Public speaking is speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain the listeners. In public speaking, as in any form of communication, there are five basic elements, often expressed as "who is saying what to whom utilizing what medium with what effects?"

The purpose of public speaking can range from simply transmitting information, to motivating people to act, to simply telling a story. A good orator should be able to change the emotions of their listener, not just inform them.

1 History
2 Training
3 Leadership
4 General
5 See also
6 External links

[edit] History

Public speaking is almost as ancient as speech itself. The first textbook on the subject was written over 2400 years ago, and the principles elaborated within it were drawn from the practices and experience of orators in ancient Greece. These basic principles have undergone modification as societies and cultures have changed, yet remained surprisingly uniform.

[edit] Training

Effective public speaking can be developed by joining a club such Rostrum, Toastmasters International, Association of Speakers Clubs (ASC) or International Training in Communication (ISC) in which members are assigned exercises to improve their speaking skills. Members learn by observation and practice, and hone their skills by listening to constructive suggestions followed by new public speaking exercises. These include:

Oratory
The use of gestures
Control of the voice
Choice of vocabulary
Speaking notes
Using humour
Developing a relationship with the audience

International Federation of Professional Speakers affilates (often called National Speakers Association) offer a similar service for those whose occupation is a professional speaker.

Commercial training services such as Speaking Circles International are also available.

[edit] Leadership

Effective leadership almost always requires the skill of good public speaking, and this can often make up for a lack of other skills. The ends to which this skill can be used vary greatly - Adolf Hitler and Martin Luther King, Jr. were both able to use oratory to have a significant impact on society - but in very different directions.

[edit] General

The fear of public speaking is called glossophobia (or, informally, "stage fright"). It is believed to be the single most common phobia — even above death — affecting as much as 75% of all people.