Pylorus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Pylorus | |
|---|---|
| Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks. | |
| Interior of the stomach. (Pylorus labeled at center left.) | |
| Latin | valvula pylori |
| Gray's | subject #247 1164 |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | v_02/12844554 |
The pylorus (from Greek pylorus; pyl- = gate, -orus = guard) is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts:
- the pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach.
- the pyloric canal, which connects to the duodenum.
The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum.
Contents |
[edit] Medical significance
One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis.
In such conditions as stomach cancer, when tumours may partly block the pyloric canal, a special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum to assist food to pass from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent.
[edit] Cultural significance
- In A Confederacy of Dunces, by John Kennedy Toole, Ignatius J. Reilly, the main character, is obsessed with his temperamental pyloric valve.
[edit] Additional images
The longitudinal and circular muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. |
The oblique muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front. |
[edit] See also
[edit] Reference
[edit] External links
- SUNY Labs 37:06-0105 - "Abdominal Cavity: The Stomach"
- SUNY Labs 38:07-0102 - "Stomach, Spleen and Liver: The Pylorus"
- SUNY Anatomy Image 8150
| Upper gastrointestinal tract
Mouth | Pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx) | Esophagus | Crop | Stomach (rugae, gastric pits, cardia, pylorus) Lower gastrointestinal tract Small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) | Vermiform appendix Large intestine: Cecum | Colon (ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon) | Rectum (Houston valve, rectal ampulla, pectinate line) | Anal canal (anal valves, anal sinuses, anal columns) Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle | Sphincter ani externus muscle Enteric nervous system: Meissner's plexus | Auerbach's plexus Enteroendocrine cells: G cells | Enterochromaffin cells | Enterochromaffin-like cell GALT: Peyer's patches | M cells parietal cells | chief cells | goblet cells | Brunner's glands | Paneth cells | enterocytes intestinal villus/microvillus | crypts of Lieberkühn | circular folds | taenia coli | haustra | epiploic appendix |
