Reichsabt
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Reichsabt, literally 'Imperial Abbot' or 'Abbot of the Empire', was an Abbot whose abbey was granted within the Holy Roman Empire the status of Reichsabtei (or Reichskloster), literally 'Imperial Abbey' (or - Monastery), meaning that it enjoyed Reichsfreiheit, like an Imperial City, making him a prince of the church in the feudal sense of the term, with the rank of a Reichsfürst (Prince of the Empire), like a prince-bishop.
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[edit] List of Reichabteien (imperial abbeys)
The following abbacies have, at some time, enjoyed the state-like status of ecclesiastical principality (list possibly incomplete):
- Aachen-Burtscheid
- Baindt (reichsunmittelbar, but subordinate to the Reichsabtei Salem)
- Chorherrenstift Berchtesgaden (Reichsstift; later Fürstprobstei 'princely Provostry')
- Buchau (Reichsstift)
- Burtscheid abbey (in Aachen)
- Comburg monastery (in Schwäbisch-Hall)
- Corvey abbey, also spelled Korvei, Korvey (in Höxter; later in Fürstbistum Paderborn)
- Disentis (monastery in Switzerland)
- Elchingen monastery (Reichsstift)
- Ellwangen (Jagst) (Chorherrenstift; later a Fürstprobstei)
- ?Essen-Werden
- Frauenchiemsee monastery
- Fraumünster (in Zürich, Swiss monastery)
- Fulda abbey (Reichsstift; later Fürstbistum= prince-bishopric)
- Stift Gandersheim (Reichsstift)
- Gengenbach monastery
- Stift Göß (in Austria, last Reichsabtei in the later Habsburg empire)
- Heggbach monastery ( Reichsstift)
- Helmarshausen
- Herford (Germany) Stift
- Herrenalb monastery
- Hersfeld abbey
- Irsee monastery (Reichsstift)
- Kaisheim monastery (Reichsstift; later also Kaisersheim)
- Kempten monastery (later Fürststift)
- Klingenmünster monastery
- Kornelimünster abbey (in Aachen; later Reichsfürstabtei)
- Lindau monastery
- Lorsch monastery
- Malmedy (monastery in Belgium)
- Marchtal monastery (Reichsstift)
- Marmoutier (monastery in the now French Elsass=Alsace)
- Maulbronn monastery
- Memleben (Reichskloster 'imperial monastery')
- Michaelsberg abbey (in Siegburg)
- Mondsee (monastery in Austria)
- Murbach (monastery in the now French Elsaß=Alsace)
- Neresheim abbey (Reichsstift)
- Niedermünster monastery(Reichsstift in Regensburg )
- Nordhausen Stift (in Nordhausen; Reichsstift)
- Nienburg (Saale) monastery (Reichskloster in Saale)
- Obermünster monastery (Reichsstift in Regensburg)
- Oberschönenfeld monastery
- Ochsenhausen abbey (Reichsstift)
- Ottobeuren monastery (Reichsstift)
- Petershausen (monastery in Konstanz)
- Prüfening monastery (Reichsstift)
- Prüm Abbey
- Quedlinburg (Reichsstift)
- Reichenau monastery
- Roggenburg monastery (Reichsstift)
- Rot an der Rot monastery
- Rottenmünster monastery (Reichsstift)
- Salem (Germany) abbey, also called Salmansweil(er) (Reichsstift)
- Sankt Ulrich und Afra, in Augsburg (Reichsstift)
- Schänis (Swiss monastery)
- Schussenried monastery
- Schuttern monastery
- St. Bartholomäus (Stift in Frankfurt am Main; Stiftskirche= Kaiserdom 'imperial minster', former palatine chapel)
- St. Emmeram (monastery in Regensburg; Reichsstift)
- St. Gallen (abbey in Switzerland; Reichsstift; später Fürstabtei)
- St. Georg (monastery in Isny)
- St. Maximin (in Trier)
- Siegburg
- Stablo =Stavelot =Stablingen (abbey in Belgium)
- Thoren abbey (in Belgium; Reichsstift)
- Ursberg monastery (Reichsstift)
- Waldsassen
- Walkenried (Reichsstift)
- Weingarten abbey (Reichsstift)
- Weißenau (Ravensburg)
- Werden an der Ruhr (in Essen; Reichsstift)
- Wettenhausen (Reichsstift)
- Zwiefalten (Reichsstift)
[edit] See also
[edit] Sources and references
(incomplete)
- The above is partially based on the German Wikipedia article Reichsabtei on imperial abbeys and its linking split-off list
[edit] Further reading
In German:
- Georg Matthäi: Die Klosterpolitik Kaiser Heinrichs II. Ein Beitrag zur *Geschichte der Reichsabteien, Grünberg i.Schl. 1877
- Max Brennich: Die Besetzung der Reichsabteien in den Jahren 1138 - 1209, Greifswald 1908
- Johannes Polzin: Die Abtswahlen in den Reichsabteien von 1024 - 1056, 1908
- Heinrich Riese: Die Besetzung der Reichsabteien in den Jahren 1056 - 1137, 1911
- Hans Feierabend: Die politische Stellung der deutschen Reichsabteien während des Investiturstreites, Breslau 1913; Aalen 1971
- Hans-Peter Wehlt: Reichsabtei und König, 1970
- Thomas Vogtherr: Die Reichsabteien der Benediktiner und das Königtum im hohen Mittelalter (900–1125) (Mittelalter-Forschungen - Band 5), 2000de:Reichsabtei
