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Renal capsule

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Renal capsule
1: Parenchyma
2: Cortex
3: Medulla
4: Perirenal fat
5: Capsule
6: Ureter
7: Pelvis of kidney
8: Renal artery and Renal vein
9: Hilus
10: Calyx
Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney. (Labeled as "adipose capsule".)
Latin capsula adiposa renis, capsula fibrosa renis
Gray's subject #253 1220
Dorlands/Elsevier c_07/12211754

The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.

The renal capsule relates to the other layers in the following manner (moving from innermost to outermost):

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Urinary system - Kidney - edit
Renal capsule | Renal cortex | Renal medulla (Renal sinusRenal pyramids) | Renal calyx | Renal pelvis
Nephron - Renal corpuscle (GlomerulusBowman's capsule) → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting ducts

Juxtaglomerular apparatus (Macula densaJuxtaglomerular cells, Extraglomerular mesangial cells)

Renal circulation - Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Cortical radial arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerulus → Efferent arterioles → Vasa recta → Arcuate veinRenal vein

Renal physiology
Filtration - Ultrafiltration | Countercurrent exchange

Hormones effecting filtration - Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | Aldosterone | Atrial natriuretic peptide

Endocrine - Renin | Erythropoietin (EPO) | Calcitriol (Active vitamin D) | Prostaglandins

Assessing Renal function / Measures of dialysis
Glomerular filtration rate | Creatinine clearance | Renal clearance ratio | Urea reduction ratio | Kt/V | Standardized Kt/V | Hemodialysis product
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