Renal vein

Vein: Renal vein
Image:Gray1122.png
The anterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing the areas of contact of neighboring viscera.
Image:Kidney PioM.png
1. Renal pyramid 2. Efferent artery 3. Renal artery 4. Renal vein 5. Renal hilum 6. Renal pelvis 7. Ureter 8. Minor calyx 9. Renal capsule 10. Inferior renal capsule 11. Superior renal capsule 12. Afferent vein 13. Nephron 14. Minor calyx 15. Major calyx 16. Renal papilla 17. Renal column
Latin	vv. renales
Gray's	subject #173
Drains from	kidney
Drains to	inferior vena cava
Artery	Renal artery
MeSH	A07.231.908.752

The renal veins are veins that drain the kidney. They connect the kidney to the inferior vena cava. Because the inferior vena cava is on the right half of the body, the left renal vein is generally the longer of the two. Unlike the right renal vein, the left renal vein often receives the left gonadal vein (left testicular vein in males, left ovarian vein in females). It frequently receives the left suprarenal vein and left lumbar vein as well.

It is usually singular to each kidney, except in the condition "multiple renal veins".

[edit] Pathology

Diseases associated with the renal vein include renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and nutcracker syndrome (renal vein entrapment syndrome).

Frontal section through the kidney

Diagram showing completion of development of the parietal veins.

The venæ cavæ and azygos veins, with their tributaries.

Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed.

Veins edit

heart: coronary sinus - great cardiac - left marginal - small cardiac - right marginal - middle cardiac - posterior of the left ventricle - oblique of the left atrium - anterior cardiac | (Gray's s166)

veins of the neck: external jugular - sinus - posterior external jugular - anterior jugular - internal jugular - inferior petrosal sinus - lingual - ranine - pharyngeal - superior thyroid - middle thyroid - vertebral - deep cervical | (Gray's s168)

sinuses of the dura mater: superior sagittal - inferior sagittal - straight - transverse - sigmoid - petrosquamous - occipital - confluence - cavernous | (Gray's s171)

ophthalmic: superior ophthalmic - nasofrontal - inferior ophthalmic - intercavernous sinuses - superior petrosal sinus - basilar - emissary | (Gray's s171)

upper extremity: superficial (cephalic - median cubital - accessory cephalic - basilic - median antebrachial) - deep (radial - ulnar - brachial - axillary) | (Gray's s172)

thorax: subclavian - brachiocephalic - internal thoracic - superior phrenic - inferior thyroid - intercostal (supreme - superior - posterior) - superior vena cava - azygos - hemiazygos - accessory hemiazygos - bronchial | (Gray's s172)

vertebral column: external vertebral venous plexuses - internal vertebral venous plexuses - basivertebral - intervertebral - of the medulla spinalis | (Gray's s172)

lower extremity: common digital - great saphenous - thoracoepigastric - small saphenous - plantar digital - posterior tibial - peroneal - anterior tibial - popliteal - femoral - profunda femoris | (Gray's s173)

abdomen and pelvis: external iliac - inferior epigastric - internal iliac - superior gluteal - inferior gluteal - internal pudendal - hemorrhoidal - pudendal - dorsal of the penis - common iliac - inferior vena cava - spermatic - ovarian - renal - suprarenal - inferior phrenic - hepatic | (Gray's s173)

portal system: sinusoids - portal - splenic - short gastric - left gastroepiploic - pancreatic - inferior mesenteric - superior rectal - superior mesenteric - right gastroepiploic - pancreaticoduodenal | (Gray's s174)

fetal: ductus venosus - umbilical | (Gray's s139)

Urinary system - Kidney - edit
Renal capsule \| Renal cortex \| Renal medulla (Renal sinus, Renal pyramids) \| Renal calyx \| Renal pelvis
Nephron - Renal corpuscle (Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule) → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting ducts Juxtaglomerular apparatus (Macula densa, Juxtaglomerular cells, Extraglomerular mesangial cells) Renal circulation - Renal artery → Interlobar arteries → Arcuate arteries → Cortical radial arteries → Afferent arterioles → Glomerulus → Efferent arterioles → Vasa recta → Arcuate vein→ Renal vein
Renal physiology
Filtration - Ultrafiltration \| Countercurrent exchange Hormones effecting filtration - Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) \| Aldosterone \| Atrial natriuretic peptide Endocrine - Renin \| Erythropoietin (EPO) \| Calcitriol (Active vitamin D) \| Prostaglandins
Assessing Renal function / Measures of dialysis
Glomerular filtration rate \| Creatinine clearance \| Renal clearance ratio \| Urea reduction ratio \| Kt/V \| Standardized Kt/V \| Hemodialysis product