Saint-Domingue
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Saint-Domingue was a French colony from 1697 to 1804 that is today the independent nation of Haiti.
Saint-Domingue is the French version of the Spanish term Santo Domingo (a literal translation of which would be Saint-Dominigue or Saint-Dimanche). Spain once controlled the entire island of Hispaniola, which was also known as Santo Domingo. But in the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697, Spain recognised that France had established control of the western third of its territory.
In the mid-1700s, Acadians from Canada sought refuge in Saint-Domingue following the "Great Expulsion" ordered by the British government. Acadians found themselves, however, existing as second-class citizens[citation needed].
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, American and British authors often referred to Saint-Domingue as "St. Domingo" or "San Domingo," which can lead to confusion with its neighboring former Spanish colony (called Santo Domingo in colonial times) which is today the Dominican Republic.
The name was changed to Haiti when Jean-Jacques Dessalines declared independence from the French in 1804. Like the term Haiti itself, Saint-Domingue may sometimes be used to refer to all of Hispaniola, but more frequently to the western part now occupied by the Republic of Haiti.
[edit] External links
- The Louverture Project: Saint-Domingue - Saint-Domingue page on Haitian history Wiki.
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