Saltillo, Coahuila

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This article is about the city in Coahuila, Mexico. For other uses, see Saltillo (disambiguation).

Saltillo</big>
Image:Escudo Saltillo.gif Image:Location Saltillo.png Image:Skyline Saltillo.jpg
Official Name	Santiago del Saltillo
Country - State: - Municipality	Image:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico Coahuila Saltillo
Population (2005)	648 929 hab
Altitude	1600 msl
Coordinates - Latitude: - Longitude:	25° 23' N 101° 59' W
Foundation - Foundation:	1577 Alberto del Canto
Major	Fernando de las Fuentes Hernández
Political party	PRI
Time zone:	UTC -6
Demonym	Saltillense
Postal code	25000
Area code	844
Website: www.saltillo.gob.mx

Saltillo is the capital city of the northestern Mexican state of Coahuila and the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name.

As of 2003, Saltillo had an estimated population of 591,000 people, rising to 637,000 if the full Metropolitan Area is considered, making it the 20th biggest metro area in the country. The metro area is composed of Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe, and Arteaga.

1 Geography
2 Government
3 History
4 Economy
5 Points of interest
6 Education
7 Transportation
8 External links

[edit] Geography

El Cerro del Pueblo and his 4 meter cross overlooks the city. The city stands elevated at 1600 meters, making it cooler and windier than its neighbor city, Monterrey. Saltillo lies near the city of Arteaga and near the Chihuahan Desert.

[edit] Government

The city of Saltillo is the municipal seat of the municipality of Saltillo. The current municipal president is Fernando de las Fuentes from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who will remain in office until 2009.

[edit] History

Saltillo was founded in 1577 by Spanish colonists. Tlaxcaltecas also colonized there. It is the oldest city in northern Mexico. In 1824, Saltillo was made the capital of the State of Coahuila and included the area which is now the US State of Texas until the war of Texas Independence and the founding of the independent Texas Republic. The city is flanked by the Zapalinamé mountains, which are part of the Sierra Madre Oriental. There is a legend that says that the leader of the native Indians, whose name was Zapalinamé, can be seen in the shape of the mountains.

[edit] Economy

Image:Sarape de Saltillo.jpg Saltillo's most famous exports are Saltillo tile and the locally woven multi-coloured sarapes. There is also the automotive industry, with two major assembly plants (one General Motors and the other DaimlerChrysler), two engine facilities and a car transmissions plant. Saltillo is home to the Grupo Industrial Saltillo, an important manufacturing conglomerate that makes home appliances, silverware, and auto parts. Some criticism has been made of this new urbanization and the lack of conservation and planning.

During the early 20th Century, Saltillo was called the Athens of Mexico because of its number of famous intellectuals. Nowadays, it is considered the Detroit of Mexico because of the importance of its automotive industry, including the huge Daimler-Chrysler and General Motors plants.

Saltillo is a sister city of Austin, Texas, as well as of other 15 cities in several countries.

[edit] Points of interest

Image:Saltillo Fuente plaza de armas.jpg Alameda Zaragoza is the largest park in the city and has an artificial lake with the shape of the Mexican Republic.

The old core of the city is built in pink marble, giving Saltillo's architecture a distinctive flavour. Prominent buildings are the Cathedral, the Palacio de Gobierno (state government building), the Ateneo Fuente and the Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo. The large Cathedral is the best example of colonial religious architecture in northeastern Mexico; its facade is mainly Spanish Baroque, with less exuberant areas.

The city has two world-class museums: the Museo de las Aves de Mexico (Bird Museum) [1], featuring a collection of bird specimens from all over Mexico in realistic displays, and the Museo del Desierto (Desert Museum) [2]. This last museum focuses on the geography, geology, paleontology (with dinosaur fossils) and biodiversity of the Chihuahuan desert, and the history and culture of the local people through time. It includes a cactus greenhouse and exhibits, with dozens of species. Several international hotels, shopping centers and chain stores (HEB, Wal-Mart, ((SAM's)), Home Depot) serve the metro area.

[edit] Education

Saltillo's main universities are the Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, the Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo, the Tec de Monterrey Saltillo Campus, El Instituto de Filologia Hispanica, and the Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro.

[edit] Transportation

Saltillo Metropolitan Area air traffic is served by Plan de Guadalupe International Airport. It takes 15 minutes to get from downtown Saltillo to the airport. It has several flights per day to Mexico City and a daily flight to Houston, Texas. There is a comprehensive bus system in Saltillo along with many taxis.