Samanid

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History of Iran Empires of Persia - Kings of Persia Proto-Elamite civilization (3200–2700 BCE) Jiroft civilization (3000–5th c. BCE) Elamite dynasties (2700–539 BCE) Kingdom of Mannai (10th–7th c. BCE) Median Empire (728–550 BCE) Achaemenid Empire (648–330 BCE) Seleucid Empire (330–150 BCE) Parthian Empire (250 BCE– 226 CE) Sassanid Dynasty (226–650) Patriarchal Caliphate (637–651) Umayyad Caliphate (661-750) Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258) Tahirid dynasty (821–873) Alavid dynasty (864–928) Saffarid dynasty (861–1003) Samanid dynasty (875–999) Ziyarid dynasty (928–1043) Buwayhid dynasty (934–1055) Ghaznavid Empire (963–1187) Ghori dynasty (1149–1212) Seljukid Empire (1037–1194) Khwarezmid dynasty (1077–1231) Ilkhanate (1256–1353) Muzaffarid dynasty (1314–1393) Chupanid dyansty (1337–1357) Jalayerid dynasty (1339–1432) Timurid Empire (1370–1506) Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans (1407–1468) Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans (1378–1508) Safavid Empire (1501–1722/1736) Hotaki Ghilzai dynasty (1722–1729) Afsharid dynasty (1736–1802) Zand dynasty (1750–1794) Qajar dynasty (1781–1925) Pahlavi dynasty (1925–1979) Islamic Revolution (1979) Provisional Government (1979–1980) Islamic Republic of Iran (1980–Present)
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The Samanids (875-999) (in Persian: سامانیان‎ Samanian) were a Persian dynasty in Central Asia and eastern Iran, named after its founder Saman Khoda. It was among the first native Iranian dynasties in Iran and Central Asia after the Arab conquest and the collapse of the Sassanid Persian empire.

Image:Bukhara14.jpg

The Samanid period is considered the beginning of the Tajik nation. Their rule lasted for 102 years and 10 days, and their territory encompassed Khorasan, Ray, Transoxiania, Tabaristan, Kerman, Gorgan, and the area west of these provinces up to Isfahan. To legitimate the dynasty, the Samanids claimed to be descendants of the Sassanid spahbod and Emperor Bahram Chobin, and thus descendants of the royal Mihran Clan, one of the ancient Seven Parthian Clans who governed mainland Iran for centuries.

They revived Persian culture and language after the Islamic conquest of Iran. Their capitals were Bukhara, Samarqand and Herat. One lasting contribution of the Samanids to the history of Islamic art is the pottery known as Samanid Epigraphic Ware: plates, bowls, and pitchers fired in a white slip and decorated only with calligraphy, often elegantly and rhythmically written. The Arabic phrases used in this calligraphy are generally more or less generic well wishes, or admonitions to good table manners. In 999 their realm was conquered by the Karakhanids.

In commending the Samanids, the epic Persian poet Ferdowsi says of them:

کجا آن بزرگان ساسانیان
زبهرامیان تا بسامانیان

"To where have the great Sassanids all gone?
To the Bahrāmids and Samanids what has come upon?"

[edit] Samanid Amirs

Image:Samanids.png

Nasr I (864 - 892) (Effectively independent 875)
Ismail (892 - 907)
Ahmad II (907 - 914)
Nasr II (914 - 943)
Hamid Nuh I (943 - 954)
Abdul Malik I (954 - 961)
Mansur I (961 - 976)
Nuh II (976 - 997)
Mansur II (997 - 999)
'Abd al-Malik II (999)

[edit] See also

Full list of Iranian Kingdoms

[edit] External links

To the Question of the Origin of the Samanids by Shamsiddin S. Kamoliddin, in Transoxiana 10, July 2005.
M. Ismail Marcinkowski, Persian Historiography and Geography: Bertold Spuler on Major Works Produced in Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, India and Early Ottoman Turkey, with a foreword by Professor Clifford Edmund Bosworth, member of the British Academy, Singapore: Pustaka Nasional, 2003, ISBN 9971-77-488-7.They were overthrown by the Ghaznavid Empire. And THE former Foreign Minister, Sardar Assef Ahmed Ali is a descendant of Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi.