Selangor
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| Image:Flag of Malaysia.svg</br>States and Territories of Malaysia | |||||
| سلاڠور دار الإحس Selangor Darul Ehsan | |||||
| |||||
| State motto: Dipelihara Allah | |||||
| State anthem: Duli Yang Maha Mulia | |||||
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| Capital | Shah Alam | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Royal capital | Klang | ||||
| Ruling party | Barisan Nasional | ||||
| - Sultan | Sultan Sharafuddin | ||||
| - Menteri Besar | Dr Mohd Khir Toyo | ||||
| History | |||||
| - Federated into FMS | 1895 | ||||
| - Japanese occupation | 1942 | ||||
| - Accession into Federation of Malaya | 1948 | ||||
| Area | |||||
| - Total | 7,956 km² | ||||
| Population | |||||
| - 2005 estimate | 4,736,100 | ||||
| - Density | 595.3/km² | ||||
| National calling code | 03 | ||||
| National postal code | 40xxx to 48xxx</br>62xxx to 64xxx | ||||
| License plate prefix | B | ||||
| Website: | http://www.selangor.gov.my | ||||
Selangor (Jawi: سلاڠور, population 4.1 million) is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negri Sembilan to the south and the Strait of Malacca to the west. It totally surrounds the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya.
The origin of the name Selangor is lost in history, although some sources claim the name to have come from the Malay word selangau, 'a large fly' (Musca vicina), most probably due to the abundance of flies in the marshes along the Selangor River in the state's north-west.
Selangor is also known by its Arabic honorific, Darul Ehsan ("Abode of Sincerity").
The state is a hereditary constitutional monarchy and has been ruled since 2001 by Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah. The Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) is currently Datuk Seri Dr. Mohd Khir bin Toyo, of the Barisan Nasional coalition, who is a dentist.
The state capital is Shah Alam city (a Persian name) and the royal capital is Klang town. A third major urban centre is Petaling Jaya which was recently declared a city on 20 June 2006. Hence, Selangor is one of only two Malaysian states hosting more than one city; the other being Sarawak.
Selangor is also the richest state in Malaysia in terms of GDP and second richest in terms of GDP per capita (at RM18,157 or US$4,907), behind Penang. On 27 August 2005, Selangor was officially declared the first developed state in Malaysia.
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[edit] History
- Further information: Klang War
In the 15th century, Selangor was ruled by the Sultanate of Malacca. After the fall of Melaka to the Portuguese in 1511, the area became hotly disputed between the Portuguese, Johor, Aceh and Siam. After the Dutch displaced the Portuguese from Melaka, they brought in Bugis mercenaries from Sulawesi, (who established the current sultanate in 1740). In many districts, Bugis settlers displaced the Minangkabau settlers from Sumatra, who had established themselves in Selangor some 100 years previously. In the 19th century, the economy boomed due to the exploitation of huge tin reserves and the growing importance of rubber. This attracted a large influx of Chinese migrants. Chinese secret clan societies, allied with Selangor chiefs fought for control of the tin mines, and the increasing violence created social and economic havoc. It also opened a window of opportunity for the British, who forced the Sultan of Selangor to accept a British Resident at his capital of Klang in 1874. Under the stability imposed by the British, Selangor again prospered. In 1896, largely through the coordination of the Resident Frank Swettenham, Selangor united with Negri Sembilan, Perak and Pahang to form the Federated Malay States, with its capital in the Selangor city of Kuala Lumpur. The Federated Malay States evolved into the Federation of Malaya in 1948 and the Federation of Malaysia in 1963. In 1970, Selangor relinquished the city of Kuala Lumpur to the federal government. Putrajaya also became a federal territory in the mid-1990s.
Selangor currently is the richest, most industrialized and most urbanized of all the Malaysian states. The Menteri Besar of Selangor declared Selangor as a developed state on 27 August 2005.
[edit] Demography
Selangor is Malaysia's most populous state, largely thanks to the rapid economic growth taking place there, mostly propelled by industry, and the growth of the Kuala Lumpur conurbation (known as the Klang Valley, due to its sprawl within the floodplain of Klang River).
The population in the year 2002 was 3,985,567. Selangor's ethnic composition in 2005 was: Malays (1,220,130 or 41%), Chinese (898,556 or 37%), Indians (465,213 or 19%), Others (337,971).
Selangor's population growth is fed by the influx of people from other states notably the northern state of Kedah and the east-coast states of Kelantan and Terengganu. The migrants largely consist of young people, who are attracted by higher wages and a better quality of life in Selangor.
There are also sizable population of foreign workers from Indonesia, The Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and China.
[edit] Politics
The constitutional head of Selangor is the Sultan, which is a largely ceremonial role. This position is hereditary and can only be held by a member of Selangor's royal family. The current Sultan is Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah, who has been in this position since 2001.
The head of government is the Menteri Besar (Chief Minister), who heads the state's executive branch of government, the state executive council or more commonly known in its shortened form as 'exco'. The current Menteri Besar is Datuk Seri Dr. Mohd Khir bin Toyo, of the Barisan Nasional coalition.
The state also has a legislative branch, called the state assembly. It is similar to the Parliament but is limited to making laws relating to the state. Its members are elected in elections which are usually held simultaneously with federal elections. The term of each state assembly member is limited to five years. The state assembly must be dissolved before or once it expires its term for a fresh election to elect its members.
[edit] Administration
[edit] List of districts
Selangor is divided into 9 administrative districts, namely:
- Klang
- Petaling - with Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport (formerly Subang International Airport)
- Sepang - with Kuala Lumpur International Airport
- Kuala Selangor
- Sabak Bernam
- Ampang Jaya - formerly Hulu Langat
- Kuala Langat
- Hulu Selangor
- Gombak
[edit] List of local authorities
There are 12 local authorities in Selangor, namely:
- Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor
- Majlis Perbandaran Subang Jaya (MPSJ)
- Majlis Daerah Sabak Bernam
- Majlis Perbandaran Kajang (MPKj)
- Majlis Daerah Kuala Selangor
- Majlis Perbandaran Klang (MPK)
- Majlis Perbandaran Selayang (MPS)
- Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam (MBSA)
- Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya (MBPJ)
- Majlis Perbandaran Ampang Jaya (MPAJ)
- Majlis Perbandaran Sepang
- Majlis Daerah Kuala Langat
[edit] Cities and major towns
- Shah Alam (state capital)
- Petaling Jaya
- Bangi
- Cyberjaya
- Kajang
- Klang
- Kuala Selangor
- Kuala Kubu Bharu
- Puchong
- Port Klang
- Rawang
- Sepang
- Subang Jaya
- UEP Subang Jaya - commonly known as USJ
[edit] Culture
The traditional culture of Selangor's Malay majority is influenced by those of Bugis, Johor, Minangkabau, Mandailing, Javanese and Melaka.
Selangor's population also has Chinese and Indian influence; those two having larger minority populations.
Being the most developed state in Malaysia, Selangor also receives a lot of Western influence.
[edit] Cuisines
The traditional Malay cuisine in Selangor has received influences from Johor, Bugis, Jawa and Minangkabau.
Rojak Klang, Lontong Klang and Mee Bandung are famous cuisines in Klang (Note: Mee Bandung is also touted to have originated from Johor). Other famous dishes include Mee Jawa (which is similar to Mee Rebus in Johor), Satay Kajang, Ketam Darul Ehsan and Sayur Masak Rebung.
Klang Bak Kut Teh is famous among the Chinese population. It is a herbal pork soup which is eaten during breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Coastal towns such as Klang and Kuala Selangor are also famed for their seafoods.
[edit] External links
- Official website
- Selangor travel guide from Wikitravel
- Collection of maps related to Selangor
- Rail map of Selangor
- Geographical maps of Selangor
- History of Selangor
| States and Federal Territories of Malaysia | Image:Flag of Malaysia.svg |
|---|---|
| States: Johor | Kedah | Kelantan | Malacca | Negeri Sembilan | Pahang | Perak | Perlis | Penang | Sabah | Sarawak | Selangor | Terengganu | |
| Federal Territories: Kuala Lumpur | Labuan | Putrajaya | |
ca:Selangor de:Selangor es:Selangor fa:سلانگور fr:Selangor gl:Selangor id:Selangor ms:Selangor nl:Selangor ja:スランゴール州 no:Selangor pl:Selangor fi:Selangor zh:雪蘭莪
