Seventh-inning stretch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The seventh-inning stretch is a tradition in baseball that takes place between the halves of the seventh inning of any game. Fans generally stand up and stretch out their legs and other muscles and sometimes walk around. It is a popular time to get a late-inning snack as well; many teams end beer sales at this point. The stretch also serves as a short break for the players. If a game goes into a fifth extra inning, a similar "fourteenth-inning stretch" is celebrated. In softball games, amateur games scheduled for only seven innings, or in doubleheaders (except for Major League Baseball, both ends are seven innings each per regulation), a "fifth-inning stretch" may be substituted.
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[edit] Myths
There are many apocryphal stories about the origins of the seventh-inning stretch. One popular yarn claims that it began on account of President William Howard Taft. He had been in attendance at a Washington Senators versus Philadelphia Athletics game on April 14, 1910 and had been uncomfortable in his chair; by the middle of the seventh, he could no longer take it, and stood up. The crowd mistook his action, and believed he had decided to leave, and out of respect, stood up as well. However, minutes later, after stretching out his legs, Taft sat back down as did the crowd. This tale is almost definitely false—evidence exists of the practice as early as 1869, when unruly students were called to stand up and stretch to help settle them down. However, the seventh-inning stretch was not a formal practice in professional baseball games until the 1920s.
Another possibility of the origin of the seventh inning stretch is the story of Brother Jasper of Mary, F.S.C., the man credited with bringing baseball to Manhattan College in the late 1800s. Being the Prefect of Discipline as well as the coach of the team, it fell to Brother Jasper to supervise the student fans at every home game. On one particularly hot and muggy day in 1882, during the seventh inning against a semi-pro team called the Metropolitans, the Prefect noticed his charges becoming restless. To break the tension, he called a time-out in the game and instructed everyone in the bleachers to stand up and unwind. It worked so well he began calling for a seventh-inning rest period at every game. The Manhattan College custom spread to the major leagues after the New York Giants were charmed by it at an exhibition game, and the rest is history. <ref>What is a Jasper - Manhattan College (htm). Retrieved on 2006-11-08.</ref>
But like many myths, it is difficult to certify any origin. A letter written by Harry Wright of the Cincinnati Red Stockings dated 1869 — 13 years earlier than Brother Jasper's inspired time-out — documented something very similar to a seventh-inning stretch. In the letter, he makes the following observation about the fans' ballpark behavior: "The spectators all arise between halves of the seventh inning, extend their legs and arms and sometimes walk about. In so doing they enjoy the relief afforded by relaxation from a long posture upon hard benches."
[edit] Background
In modern baseball, the seventh-inning stretch is a strong tradition. Major League Baseball games always involve it, often by playing music and having video clips on the scoreboards. During the "stretch", fans sing the chorus of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" in fondness of the game. Broadcaster Harry Caray may have gotten the most mileage out of the song. He would sing it to himself in the broadcast booth during the stretch while a play-by-play announcer for the Chicago White Sox. After hearing him sing one day, White Sox owner Bill Veeck, the consummate baseball promoter and showman, had Caray's microphone turned on so that the ballpark could hear him sing. They decided to sing along with him. When Caray moved into the Chicago Cubs broadcast booth, he continued the practice, sparking what has become a Cubs tradition by regularly leading the crowd in singing the song in every seventh-inning stretch. Since his death, the Cubs have invited various famous people to lead the crowd during the stretch.
[edit] Team traditions
In certain stadiums, there are variations on what song is played during the stretch. Since the 1970s, the Baltimore Orioles have often played the raucous John Denver song "Thank God I'm a Country Boy" right after the conclusion of "Take Me Out to the Ball Game." The Milwaukee Brewers, in reference to their city's beermaking heritage, play "The Beer Barrel Polka." The Toronto Blue Jays play a theme song called "OK Blue Jays," during which fans are led in an exercise routine, as well as "Take Me Out to the Ball Game."
When the St. Louis Cardinals were property of Anheuser-Busch, organist Ernie Hays would play "Here Comes the King", a commonly recognized jingle for Budweiser, during the stretch. On Opening Day, in playoff games and on "big nights" such as games against the Chicago Cubs, he would be joined by the Budweiser Clydesdales, who would make a circuit of the warning track at Busch Memorial Stadium. Following A-B's sale of the Cards in 1996, "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" has been played in the 7th inning, with "Here Comes The King" in the middle of the 8th. The Clydesdales still appear at Busch in the 8th on Opening Day and during the playoffs.
Jane Jarvis was the organist at Shea Stadium, the New York Mets' home, from 1964 to 1979. She would play the Mexican Hat Dance during the stretch. After the Mets switched to recorded music, "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" became standard. It is now generally followed by the Lou Monte tune "Lazy Mary." As of 2006, the Mets have adopted their fight song, "Meet the Mets", as standard seventh inning music. At Minute Maid Park, Houston Astros fans follow with Deep in the Heart of Texas.
Since the death of team founder Gene Autry in 1998, the Anaheim/Los Angeles Angels have played Autry's signature song "Back in the Saddle Again" as well as "Take Me Out to the Ball Game." Before then, the Angels played an instrumental version of the Christian worship song "Lord, I Lift Your Name on High."
At Safeco Field, the Seattle Mariners always follow "Take Me Out to the Ballgame" with "Louie, Louie", by The Kingsmen.
Los Angeles Dodgers fans have often been mocked by fans in other cities as using the stretch as their cue to leave the game early to avoid massive freeway gridlock as well as traffic jams leaving the Dodger Stadium parking lot.
[edit] Effects of September 11th
Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, the song "God Bless America" became common during the seventh-inning stretch, sometimes in addition to "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" and sometimes replacing it entirely. Some stadiums play "God Bless America" only on Sundays. At Yankee Stadium the song is now played at every game, in addition to "Take Me Out to the Ball Game". Renowned Irish tenor Ronan Tynan is famous for his version of the song, which has gained notoriety for its length (he also sings the song's rarely heard prologue), causing some opposing managers to claim that the Yankees derive an advantage from the visiting pitcher having a longer time on the bench. Since 2002, "God Bless America" has been performed at all Major League Baseball All-Star Games, often with a celebrity recording artist ("Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is sometimes done afterward with a recording of the legendary Harry Caray), as well as Opening Day, Memorial Day, July 4th, and many post-season games.
Historically, fans of the visiting team took their seventh-inning stretch at the top of the inning, but observance of this tradition appears to be dying out.
[edit] References
1. Brother Jasper of Mary, F.S.C and Seventh Inning Stretch, Manhattan College.
