California State Route 1
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| Image:California 1.svg | |||||||||
| State Route 1 | |||||||||
| Image:California State Route 1 map.png | |||||||||
| Length: | 548.59<ref>January 1, 2006 California Log of Bridges on State Highways</ref> mi (882.87 km) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Major junctions: | Image:Interstate 10 (California).svg I-10 in Santa Monica Image:California 17.svg SR 17 in Santa Cruz Image:Interstate 280 (California).svg I-280 by San Francisco | ||||||||
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State Route 1, often called Highway 1, is a state highway that runs along a large length of the Pacific coast of the U.S. State of California.
In Southern California, the California Legislature has designated the segment between Interstate 5 in Dana Point and U.S. Route 101 near Oxnard Pacific Coast Highway (PCH for short); between U.S. Route 101 at Las Cruces junction (8 miles south of Buellton) and U.S. Route 101 in Pismo Beach and between U.S. Route 101 in San Luis Obispo and U.S. Route 101 in San Francisco, the California Legislature has designated State Route 1 Cabrillo Highway; and between Manzanita Junction near Marin City and U.S. Route 101 in Leggett, the California Legislature has designated State Route 1 Shoreline Highway. However, subsequent to naming the highway the Pacific Coast Highway, Cabrillo Highway, and Shoreline Highway, the California Legislature has given some segments of Route 1 additional names as described in the State Law section. Also, some segments have been given alternative names by local governments as described in the Route Description section.
Highway 1 is famous for running by some of the most beautiful coastlines in the world, leading to its designation as an All-American Road.
Contents |
[edit] Route description
[edit] Orange County
Route 1 has its southern terminus at Interstate 5 south of San Juan Capistrano. From there, named as Pacific Coast Highway, it heads north into downtown Dana Point, where for one mile (1.6 km) northbound traffic continues along the original PCH alignment whilst southbound traffic is diverted onto parallel Del Prado. Once reunified as PCH, Route 1 then heads north along the coast through the beach communities of Monarch Beach, Laguna Beach and Crystal Cove. Route 1 then moves slightly inland and drops "Pacific" from its name, passing through Corona del Mar and Newport Beach as Coast Highway. It once again becomes PCH upon entering Huntington Beach, where it borders city and state beaches. It leaves Orange County after passing through Sunset Beach and Seal Beach.
[edit] Los Angeles and Ventura Counties
PCH then enters Los Angeles County and the City of Long Beach next to the coastline and continues in a northwestely direction to meet Lakewood Boulevard State Route 19 (and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Long Beach Traffic Circle) more than two miles from the coast. From the traffic circle it continues inland in a westerly direction through Long Beach including approximately one mile adjacent to the southern boundary of Signal Hill. Although it does not border the coastline, State Route 1 retains the PCH name as it continues westerly through the communities of Wilmington and Harbor City and the cities of Lomita and Torrance. It then turns northerly through the cities of Redondo Beach, and Hermosa Beach. Upon entering Manhattan Beach, it becomes Sepulveda Boulevard, and continues through El Segundo and Los Angeles International Airport, directly passing underneath two runways. Route 1 then turns northwesterly shifting to Lincoln Boulevard before turning to the southwest, first as Olympic Boulevard, then as the approach to Interstate 10 in Santa Monica. Route 1 rejoins the scenic coastline in Santa Monica and continues in a westerly direction; along the Santa Monica coastline it is known locally as Palisades Beach Road. Upon leaving Santa Monica, it regains the PCH name as it continues westerly near the coast through the wealthy coastal communities of Pacific Palisades and Castellammare Beach as well as the City of Malibu.
From Malibu PCH continues along the coast through Point Mugu State Park to just beyond the park's western boundary. At that point, PCH leaves the coast and heads northerly and then northwesterly along the northeastern boundary of Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station for several miles and continues to Wooley Road in Oxnard. From the South Oxnard railroad grade crossing north of Statham Boulevard in Oxnard to Wooley Road, State Route 1 is known locally as Oxnard Boulevard. At Wooley Road the direction of State Route 1 changes from northwest to north; however, the Oxnard Boulevard name continues to Vineyard Avenue, Route 232. From Vineyard Avenue, State Route 1 continues north as PCH and joins U.S. Route 101 in Oxnard approximately five miles inland from the coast. It is noted that the slightly over seven-mile stretch of PCH between Calleguas Creek near the south boundary of the Point Mugu Naval Air Weapons Station and the South Oxnard railroad grade crossing north of Statham Boulevard was built to freeway standards; however, today only part of that stretch, from Calleguas Creek to Pleasant Valley Road in Oxnard, a distance of over five miles, is operating as a freeway. The remaining distance from Pleasant Valley Road to the railroad grade crossing is operating as an expressway (including three signalized intersections).
[edit] Central Coast
After traveling through Ventura, State Route 1 separates from US 101 to travel along the beach from Emma Wood State Beach to the Mobil Pier Undercrossing, where it rejoins US 101 about 3 miles south of the Santa Barbara County line near La Conchita. State Route 1 then merges with US 101 (although signage is nonexistent) for 54 miles, passing through Santa Barbara. Route 1, now named Cabrillo Highway, splits again from US 101 north of the Gaviota Tunnel, and heads through the coastal cities of Lompoc, Guadalupe, and Grover Beach before joining US 101 for the third time at Pismo Beach.
Route 1 splits from US 101 at San Luis Obispo and resumes as Cabrillo Highway continuing north as a freeway through Morro Bay and Cayucos until it again becomes a winding, two lane road with occasional passing lanes. It follows along the coast past Hearst Castle and through the cliffs of Big Sur. Then several miles north, the highway crosses the scenic Bixby Creek Bridge, a reinforced concrete arch with a 320-foot span that passes over the Bixby Creek gorge, and the Rocky Creek Bridge.
From there, State Route 1 passes through Carmel before becoming a freeway in Monterey. The freeway portion of Route 1 from Route 68 (west) to Munras Avenue opened in the late 1960s. The segment from Munras Avenue in Monterey to North Fremont Blvd/Del Monte Blvd in Seaside opened in 1975, and bypasses the original highway alignment (North Fremont Blvd) through Sand City and Seaside. North of Seaside, the freeway was built over the original Highway 1 alignment through Fort Ord around 1980. North of Fort Ord, Highway 1 veers to the left of the original alignment and bypasses Marina to the west. This segment including the interchange with Route 156 and the short, 2-lane Castroville Bypass opened in the late 1980s. Originally Route 1 followed the Route 156 alignment to the Route 183 intersection in Castroville, then turned northwest, following the present-day Route 183 through Castroville before rejoining its existing alignment at the northner terminus of the Castroville Bypass.
At the interchange with California Highway 156 near Castroville, Highway 1 continues north as a 2-lane rural road to Moss Landing. Despite heavy traffic on this segment, it was not upgraded to a freeway because doing so would require cutting through a wildlife refuge area east of Moss Landing. Another freeway segment begins at Watsonville and continues to the California Highway 17 interchange at Santa Cruz. Upon reaching downtown Santa Cruz, it continues as Mission Street and Coast Road before regaining the Cabrillo Highway name.
[edit] San Francisco Bay Area and the Redwood Empire
Highway 1 then continues north as a winding, two lane road following the west coast of the San Francisco Peninsula, passing through Half Moon Bay.
Before reaching Pacifica, the highway travels through a treacherous stretch where it is dubbed Devil's Slide. Here the road is in constant danger of sliding into the Pacific Ocean. This stretch of road is periodically closed, the last time from April 2, 2006 to August 3, 2006. Previous closures include about five months in 1995 and about three months in 1983.<ref>Previous Devil's Slide closures</ref> To avoid these problems, a tunnel is being constructed to bypass the slide area, opening in 2011 according to Caltrans.
Highway 1 turns into a multi-lane freeway in Pacifica before joining Interstate 280 in Daly City. Highway 1 used to run along the coast between Pacifica and Daly City but this segment was damaged and rendered unusable after an earthquake in 1957. A small stub remains near Thornton Beach. Just short of reaching the city of San Francisco, Route 1 splits from Interstate 280 and the Cabrillo Highway designation ends at the Daly City / San Francisco border, where the road becomes Junipero Serra Boulevard. Shortly thereafter, the highway makes a slight left, becoming the six-lane wide 19th Avenue where, in spite of being a city street, retains a dense traffic flow. Route 1 turns into Park Presidio Boulevard after it passes through the city's Golden Gate Park. It then joins US 101 for a fourth time on the approach to the Golden Gate Bridge known as Doyle Drive.After crossing the bridge and entering Marin County, Highway 1 then splits from US 101 again near Marin City, where it, now as the Shoreline Highway, returns to a winding, two lane road as it goes through the coastal cities of Bodega Bay and Fort Bragg. It cuts through the center of many coastal cities and towns between these two, including Point Arena, in which it becomes Main Street, before following School Street to the northwest. Similarly, in Fort Bragg itself, the highway is known as Main Street. North of Fort Bragg, the highway follows the coast for a while, then cuts through a redwood forest, before terminating at US 101 in Leggett in Mendocino County.
[edit] The Lost Coast
Instead of terminating at Leggett, California State Highway 1 was originally planned to follow the Pacific coast even farther north from Rockport to Ferndale. But this portion was never constructed because of the steepness of the coastal mountains. The portion of Highway 1 that was completed between Ferndale and US 101 was renumbered as State Route 211. Because of the lack of highways along the coast between Rockport and Ferndale, this area has been coined as California's Lost Coast.
[edit] Photos
State Route 1 Looking Southward. |
Bixby Bridge in Big Sur, viewed from east of the highway. |
[edit] Exit list
| Postmile<ref name="bridge log">January 1, 2006 California Log of Bridges on State Highways</ref> | Municipality | Exit #<ref>Cal-NExUS Interchange Exit Numbering</ref> | Destinations | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County | State | North | South | |||
| Ventura County | ||||||
| VEN 10.23 | 107 | Las Posas Road | ||||
| VEN 11.59 | 108 | Wood Road | Southbound accessible via North Air Road | |||
| VEN 12.79 | 109 | Hueneme Road | Northbound accessible via Raytheon Road | |||
| VEN 14.67 | Oxnard | 110 | N/A | Nauman Road North | Northbound exit only with Dufau Road | |
| VEN 14.75 | N/A | 110 | Nauman Road South | Southbound exit only with Pidduck Road | ||
| VEN R15.01 | 112 | Pleasant Valley Road | Route 1 enters/exits here, Rice Avenue continues freeway section briefly | |||
| Continues along Oxnard Boulevard | ||||||
| VEN 15.93 | Oxnard | 113 | N/A | Channel Islands Boulevard | Southbound entrance ramp only; Southbound also accessible via at-grade intersection with Rose Avenue | |
| Two concurrencies with US 101 | ||||||
| Santa Barbara County | ||||||
| SB R25.07 | 211 | Constellation Road | Northbound accessible via Apollo Way and Burton Mesa Boulevard | |||
| SB R34.78 | 226 | N/A | Image:California 135.svg SR 135 | Southbound entrance and northbound exit | ||
| San Luis Obispo County | ||||||
| Concurrency with US 101 | ||||||
| SLO 27.88 | 277 | Baywood Park Road | ||||
| SLO 28.82 | Morro Bay | 278 | Morro Bay Boulevard | |||
| SLO 29.62 | 279A | Main Street | ||||
| SLO 30.15 | 279B | Image:California 41.svg SR 41 | ||||
| SLO R34.91 | 284 | N/A | Cayucos (13th Street) | Southbound entrance and northbound exit | ||
| SLO R35.96 | 285 | Cayucos Drive | ||||
| Monterey County | ||||||
| MON 75.14 | Monterey | 399A | Image:California 68.svg SR 68 West | SR 68 joins eastbound and leaves westbound | ||
| MON R75.74 | 399B | 399B 399C | Munras Avenue, Soledad Drive | |||
| MON R77.37 | 401A | Monterey - Aguajito Road, Fremont Street | ||||
| MON R78.12 MON R78.18 | 401B | Image:California 68.svg SR 68 East - North Fremont Street | North Fremont Street only accessible northbound | |||
| MON R78.45 | 402A | Casa Verde Way | ||||
| MON R78.89 | 402B | Del Monte Avenue | Northbound accessible via English Avenue; Southbound entrance accessible via Hannon Avenue | |||
| MON R79.36 | Seaside | 403 | Image:California 218.svg SR 218 (Canyon Del Rey Boulevard) | |||
| MON R80.27 | Sand City | 404 | Fremont Boulevard | Northbound exit and southbound entrance accessible via California Avenue | ||
| MON R82.89 | 406 | Fort Ord Main Entrance (Light Fighter Drive) | ||||
| MON R84.48 | 408 | 12th Street (Imjin Parkway) | ||||
| MON R85.14 | 409 | N/A | Del Monte Boulevard | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | ||
| MON R86.48 | 410 | Reservation Road | ||||
| MON R88.64 | 412 | Del Monte Boulevard (Neponset Road) | ||||
| MON R90.93 | 414A | 414 | Molera Road (Nashua Road) | |||
| MON R90.98 | 414B | N/A | Image:California 156.svg SR 156 To Image:US 101 (CA).svg US 101 - Castroville | Northbound exit and southbound entrance; SR 156 continues freeway | ||
| Santa Cruz County | ||||||
| SCR R0.72 | 425 | Image:California 129.svg SR 129 - Riverside Drive | ||||
| SCR R2.27 | Watsonville | 426 | N/A | Harkins Slough Road | Northbound exit and southbound entrance | |
| SCR T2.68 | N/A | 426 | Image:California 152.svg SR 152 - Watsonville, Gilroy | Southbound exit and northbound entrance | ||
| SCR R3.18 | 427 | Airport Boulevard, Freedom Road | Northbound via Larkin Valley Road; Southbound via Ranport Road | |||
| SCR R4.07 | 428 | Buena Vista Drive | ||||
| SCR R6.68 | 431 | Mar Monte Avenue | Southbound exit and entrance via La Selva Drive | |||
| SCR R7.67 | 432 | San Andreas Road, Larkin Valley Road - Seascape | ||||
| SCR 8.35 | 433A | Freedom Boulevard | ||||
| SCR 9.15 | 433B | Rio Del Mar Boulevard | ||||
| SCR 10.54 | 435 | Seacliff Beach (State Park Drive) | ||||
| SCR 12.09 | Capitola | 436 | Park Avenue | |||
| SCR 13.20 | 437 | Porter Street, Bay Avenue | ||||
| SCR 13.62 | 438 | 41st Avenue | ||||
| SCR 14.86 | 439 | Soquel Avenue | Southbound via Soquel Avenue; Northbound via Commercial Way; Crossbridge via Soquel Drive | |||
| SCR 15.82 | Santa Cruz | 440 | Morrissey Boulevard | Southbound via Fairmount Avenue; Northbound entrance via Rooney Street | ||
| SCR 16.63 | 441A | N/A | Emeline Street | Northbound exit only | ||
| SCR 16.71 | 441B | 441 | Image:California 17.svg SR 17 North | Southbound left exit | ||
| SCR 17.24 | 442 | Ocean Street | Northbound left exit; Southbound entrance via Plymouth Street | |||
| Continues on surface streets to Pacifica | ||||||
| San Mateo County | ||||||
| SM 42.01 | Pacifica | N/A | Image:Interstate 380 (California).svg I-380 | UNCONSTRUCTED Not likely to ever be built due to housing developments directly next to the I-280/I-380 interchange | ||
| SM R43.46 | 505A | 505 | Sharp Park Road, Fairway Drive | Northbound via Lundy Way; Southbound via Francisco Boulevard; Fairway Drive southbound | ||
| SM R43.74 | 505B | N/A | Clarendon Road, Oceana Boulevard | Northbound exit only | ||
| SM R44.21 | N/A | 506 | Paloma Avenue, Francisco Boulevard | No northbound exit; Northbound entrance via Oceana Boulevard | ||
| SM R44.88 SM R45.12 | 507 | Manor Drive, Monterey Road, Palmetto Avenue | Monterey Road northbound;Palmetto Avenue southbound; Northbound exit via Oceana Boulevard | |||
| SM R46.73 | Daly City | 508 | Image:California 35.svg SR 35 Skyline Boulevard | Split into 508A and 508B southbound | ||
| SM R47.03 SM R47.27 | 509A | 509 | Serramonte Boulevard, Clarinada Avenue | Serramonte Boulevard northbound; Clarinada Avenue southbound | ||
| SM R47.80 | 509B | N/A | Image:Interstate 280 (California).svg I-280 South | Northbound joins with northbound I-280; southbound splits from southbound I-280 | ||
| Concurrent with Interstate 280 | ||||||
| SM R48.34 | Daly City | N/A | 511 | Image:Interstate 280 (California).svg I-280, John Daly Boulevard | Northbound splits from northbound I-280; southbound joins with southbound I-280; Southbound exit to and northbound entrance from John Daly Boulevard | |
| San Francisco | ||||||
| Continues on Junipero Serra Blvd., 19th Ave., Park Presidio Blvd., and other surface streets towards US 101 | ||||||
| San Francisco | Image:US 101 (CA).svg US 101 South | Northbound joins with northbound US 101; southbound splits from southbound US 101 | ||||
| Concurrency with US 101 | ||||||
| Golden Gate Bridge (toll southbound) | ||||||
| Marin County | ||||||
| Continues on surface streets towards Fort Bragg | ||||||
| Sonoma County | ||||||
| Mendocino County | ||||||
| Ends at US 101 | ||||||
[edit] State law
Legal definition of Route 1: California Streets and Highways Code, Chapter 2, Article 3, Section 301| Route 1 is part of the Freeway and Expressway System, as stated by section 253.2 of the California State Highway Code. |
| Route 1 is part of the Scenic Highway System, as stated by section 263.2 of the California State Highway Code. |
[edit] Other names
- Blue Star Memorial Highway: From Junction with I-5 at Dana Point in Orange County to State Hwy Route 101 at Leggett in Mendocino County. Sponsored by the National Council of State Garden Clubs, Inc. as a tribute to the men and women of the Nation's Armed Forces.
- CHP Officer John Pedro Memorial Highway: From Harkins Slough Road to Pajaro River Bridge. Officer John Pedro was killed in the line of duty in a traffic collision.
- Los Angeles County Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway: Portion in L.A. County.
- Louis J. Papan Highway: From Interchange at Skyline Boulevard to Southern City Limits of Pacifica. "Assemblyman, chair numerous committees, aided poor."
- Orange County Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway: From San Juan Capistrano to Golden West Street in Huntington Beach.
- San Simeon Highway: From San Luis Obispo to Monterey. Named by historical and long local usage in the County of San Luis Obispo.
- U.S. Submarine Veterans of WWII Memorial Highway: From Golden West St in Huntington Beach to Orange County Boundary.
- Ventura County Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway: Portion in Ventura County.
Source: 2004 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances In California
[edit] See also
[edit] References
<references />
[edit] External links
- Caltrans: Route 1 road conditions
- WestCoastRoads - California 1
- California Highways: CA-1
- The Big Highways Page: California Route 1
- Western Exit Guide - California 1
- Cal-NExUS: Route 1 North
- Cal-NExUS: Route 1 South
- California's Lost Coastbg:Калифорнийски щатски път 1
de:California State Route 1 fr:California State Route 1 he:דרך מדינת קליפורניה מספר 1 la:Via Litoris Pacifici no:California State Route 1 sv:Pacific Coast Highway
