T-bone steak
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- T-Bone redirects here. For other uses, see T-Bone (disambiguation).
| Image:BeefCutShortLoinTenderloin.png | |
| Beef Cut: | Short Loin + Tenderloin |
|---|---|
| Steak Type: | T-bone steak |
The T-bone is a steak cut of beef. It consists of a T-shaped bone with meat on each side. The larger side contains meat from the strip loin, whereas the smaller side contains the tenderloin. T-bone steaks from the rear end of the tenderloin contain a much larger section of the tenderloin, and are called porterhouse steaks. (In the Commonwealth of Nations, only the strip loin side is called the porterhouse, and the tenderloin side is called the fillet.)
There is little agreement among experts on how large the tenderloin must be to call a T-bone a porterhouse; some steaks with a large tenderloin may be called a mere T-bone in some restaurants and steakhouses. However, there is general agreement the tenderloin can be no thinner than the diameter of a US quarter dollar coin (24.26 mm) to be classified as a porterhouse. The US Department of Agriculture's Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications states that the tenderloin must be at least 1.25 inches (3.2 cm) at its widest point for the steak to be classified a porterhouse. Similarly, the USDA says that the tenderloin must be at least ½ inch (13 mm) wide for the steak to be classified a T-bone.
Due to their large size and the fact that they contain meat from two of the most prized cuts of steak, T-bone steaks are generally considered one of the highest quality steaks, and prices at steakhouses are accordingly high. Porterhouse steaks are even more highly valued due to their larger tenderloin.
In the United States, the T-bone has the meat-cutting classification NAMP 1174; the porterhouse is NAMP 1173.
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[edit] Anatomy of the T-Bone
To cut a T-bone from butchered cattle, a lumbar vertebra is sawed in half through the vertebral column. The downward prong of the 'T' is a transverse process of the vertebra, and the flesh surrounding it is the spinal muscles. The small semi-circle at the top of the 'T' is half the vertebral foramen.
Although the spinal cord is removed by packers during processing, there is still concern (in the European Union) that it could be a source of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, more popularly known as mad cow disease. This is because spinal tissue contains nerve cells which can transmit the prion that causes the disease.
[edit] Preparation
T-bone and porterhouse steaks are suited to fast, dry heat cooking methods, such as grilling or broiling. Due to their relative lack of collagen, longer cooking times are not necessary to tenderize the meat.
Because bone conducts heat, and because of the differences in the two cuts of meat, different parts of the steak will reach the desired cooked temperature at different times. The meat near the bone will cook more slowly than the rest of the steak, and the tenderloin will tend to reach the desired level of doneness before the strip.
[edit] Bistecca alla Fiorentina
A favorite of the Italian cuisine of Tuscany, bistecca alla fiorentina consists of a t-bone or porterhouse steak (traditionally taken from the Chianina breed of cattle), grilled over a wood or charcoal fire, and seasoned with salt, black pepper, and olive oil.
