[edit] History

It was founded on February 24th, 1881. Manuel Recabarren, in charge of the project, named the place Fuerte (Fort) Recabarren.

Born as a military encampment, Temuco had in its origins the attributes of a camp, and a year after its founding, the first major streets started to form in the downtown area.

On April 15th, 1888, the first city officers were elected, including the first mayor José del Rosario Muñoz. The city grew quickly; a census in 1895 indicated a population of 7,708 people, and when Cautin was declared a province, Temuco became its capital, with its population by that time standing at 16,037 people.

[edit] Geography and climate

Temuco is a city located in the Southern Region of Chile 38°45′S
72°40′W which is located at about the same distance between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes. Morphologically, the city placement corresponds to Cautín River-originated fluvial land masses that developed in a crushed form between hills Ñielol (350m) and Conunhueno (360m).

The city is surrounded by an environment typical to southern Chile, consisting mostly of coniferous forests in the midst of a central prairie of moraines and cones next to the pre-Andres mountains. Fitogeographically, this is the zone of high production multicrops and fruits, with the presence of various trees, such as alerce, roble and lingue. Despite all this, its good air quality has started deteriorating because of the thick smog layer, which is saturating the environment.

Climatologically, this corresponds to Chile's central valley mediterranean region, with a subtropical weather and transition to humid regions. Throughout the years, cyclonic and anticyclonic influences do alternate, with a short dry summer period (when compared to Santiago or other central valley cities). Its mean annual temperature is 12ºC, with highest median during the warmest month of 23.5ºC and lowest median during the coldest month of 3.9ºC (Ciren-Corfo, 1992). Annual mean rain during 1961-1990 (Dirección Meteorológica de Chile, 1991) was 1.157 mm (Capelli de Steffens et al., 1997).

[edit] Demographics

This city has over 300,000 inhabitants (2002), which makes it one of the most populous cities in southern Chile. One of the distinctive features of Temuco is the strong presence of the mapuche culture, who make up 25% of the population, and numerous German immigrant colonies.

[edit] Transport

The city is drawed in blocks, which make the affluence of cars difficult. As a solution, the city has Avenues and a coastal road to make the affluence quicker.

Buses and cabs are the most popular massive tranports. The bus fare is $100 for students an $250 for adults; cabs fare is $300 ($400 at night). This explains why bus is preferred by students, and cabs by adults (as for adults cabs are only $50 more expensive). Taxis are not very popular, as the city is not too big, and the fare is too high.

The Maquehue Airport is the only big aerodrome in Temuco, and it is located at the South exit of the city.

The train station is still running.

Temuco does not have tubes.

[edit] Important Places

Alemania Av.

Is the principal Artery in Temuco. Here we can find The Museum building (19th century chilean style); the Manchaca Lira Campus of Art Building ( a Victorian Style building, recently restored); The English Alley, where we can find the Red Cross Bulding and a Blue house (Both victorian styled).

Recently, de Alemania Av. has becomed an important commercial center. Several restaurants, drug stores, boutiques, supermarkets and two shopping malls have been opened there.

The Alemania Av. also gots University campus; such as the Mayor University campus of Architecture, medicine and communications; the U.C.T Art campus; the U.F.R.O medicine campus; and the Autonoma University.

Downtown
Ñielol Hill

[edit] Other features

Temuco is one of the newest cities of Chile. Its modern infrastructure, current architecture, and commercial downtown area define it as an important southern city. It has the largest departament stores in the south of Chile, and has a very active commerce. Temuco is home to the universities known as Universidad de la Frontera, Universidad Católica de Temuco and Universidad Autónoma del Chile. It has a very notable geographic feature called Ñielol Hill (Cerro Ñielol, in Spanish)