Johns Hopkins University
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Image:Jhuseal.jpg
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| Motto | Veritas vos liberabit (The truth shall make you free) |
|---|---|
| Established | 1876 |
| Type | Private |
| Endowment | $2.2 billion |
| President | William R. Brody |
| Undergraduates | 4,417 |
| Postgraduates | 1,608 |
| Location | Baltimore, Maryland, USA |
| Campus | Urban, 140 acres (0.57 km²) |
| Mascot | Blue Jay 
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| Website | www.jhu.edu |
The Johns Hopkins University, founded in 1876, is a private institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Johns Hopkins offers its main undergraduate and graduate programs at the Homewood campus in Baltimore and maintains full-time campuses in greater Maryland, Washington, D.C., Italy, and China. Johns Hopkins is notable as the first university in the United States to put an emphasis on research founded on the German university model.
Johns Hopkins University consists of 8 academic divisions; Arts and Sciences, Engineering, Peabody Conservatory of Music, School of Medicine, School of Public Health, School of Nursing, School of Professional Studies in Business and Education, and the School of Advanced International Studies. The University employs about 45,000 people (as of 2006[citation needed]), making it the largest private employer in the State of Maryland.
The university is particularly regarded for its hospital and schools of medicine and international studies. In its annual National Universities ranking, U.S. News and World Report ranked Johns Hopkins University 16th for 2007,<ref> America's Best Colleges 2007: National Universities: Top Schools. U.S. News and World Report (2006). Retrieved on 2006-08-28.
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down from 13th in 2006. Hopkins is also one of a select group of universities to have been ranked one of the top 10 in the nation.<ref>
[In sidebar] "Johns Hopkins...Last year...Tie for 13th"
Shapira, Ian (2006-08-21). Ivy Rankings? Rah, Rah, Sis-Boom-Blah. The Washington Post. Retrieved on 2006-08-28.
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For medical research, U.S. News ranked the school of medicine second nationally for 2007.<ref>U.S. News & World Report. America's Best Graduate Schools 2007: Top Medical Schools. Retrieved on 2006-08-28.</ref>
The Johns Hopkins Hospital was ranked as the top hospital in the United States for the sixteenth year in a row by the U.S. News annual ranking of American hospitals.<ref>[1]</ref>
In an August 2005 study, the School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) was ranked as the top master's program in international relations.<ref>
"What do you consider the top five terminal masters [sic] programs in international relations for students looking to pursue a policy career? [65% of respondents included Johns Hopkins.]" (p. 26)
Peterson, Susan; Michael J. Tierney, Daniel Maliniak (August 2005). "Teaching and Research Practices, Views on the Discipline, and Policy Attitudes of International Relations Faculty at U.S. Colleges and Universities" (PDF).
The study's results also appeared in Foreign Policy (Nov/Dec 2005).</ref>
[edit] General information
Johns Hopkins University is named for Johns Hopkins, who left $7 million (USD) in his 1867 incorporation papers and 1873 will for the foundation of the University and Johns Hopkins Hospital. At the time, this was the largest philanthropic bequest in U.S. history, the equivalent of over $88.2 million in the year 2005. Hopkins' donation has been bested only in recent years by Michael Bloomberg, whose confirmed personal donations, totaling over $200 million during the last two decades, make him the largest individual benefactor in the university's history.<ref>Noon, Chris (February 3, 2006). NYC Mayor Bloomberg's Anonymous Gift to University. Forbes.com. Retrieved on 2006-08-28.</ref> The university opened on February 22, 1876, with the stated goal of "The encouragement of research... and the advancement of individual scholars, who by their excellence will advance the sciences they pursue, and the society where they dwell." <ref>A Brief History of JHU. The Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved on 2006-08-28. </ref> The University's first president was Daniel Coit Gilman, and its motto in Latin is Veritas vos liberabit – "The truth shall make you free." The undergraduate student population at Hopkins was all male until 1970 although many graduate programs were integrated earlier.
Johns Hopkins was the first American research university,<ref>On Campus: Johns Hopkins University. The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved on 2006-11-14.</ref>
and the first American university to teach through seminars[citation needed], instead of solely through lectures. The university was the first in America to offer an undergraduate major[citation needed] (as opposed to a purely liberal arts curriculum) and the first American university to grant doctoral degrees[citation needed]. Johns Hopkins was a model for most large research universities in the United States, particularly the University of Chicago.<ref>
"Following the lead of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, fifteen American institutions came to define the American research university..."
Arizona State University president Michael Crow (November 2002). Inaugural Address: "A New American University". Arizona State University. Retrieved on 2006-08-28.
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Nearly 80% of Johns Hopkins undergraduates perform graduate-level research by the time of graduation.[citation needed] Johns Hopkins receives more federal research grants than any other university in the United States.[citation needed] The University is affiliated with 31 Nobel laureates. It boasts a wide spectrum in terms of its academic strengths, particularly in art history, biological and natural sciences, biomedical engineering, creative writing, English, history, economics, international studies, medicine, political theory, public health, public policy, and the Romance languages.
Johns Hopkins is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities (AAU) and a member of the Consortium On Financing Higher Education (COFHE).
[edit] Origin of the name
The peculiar first name of philanthropist Johns Hopkins is the surname of his great-grandmother, Margaret Johns, who married Gerard Hopkins. They named their son Johns Hopkins, and his name was passed on to his grandson, the university's founder (1795-1873).In a commencement address to the undergraduate Class of 2001, university president William R. Brody had the following to say about the name:
- "In 1888, just 12 years after the university was founded, Mark Twain wrote about this university in a letter to a friend. He said:
- A few months ago I was told that the Johns Hopkins University had given me a degree. I naturally supposed this constituted me a Member of the Faculty, and so I started in to help as I could there. I told them I believed they were perfectly competent to run a college as far as the higher branches of education are concerned, but what they needed was a little help here and there from a practical commercial man. I said the public is sensitive to little things, and they wouldn't have full confidence in a college that didn't know how to spell the name 'John'.
- More than a century later, we continue to bestow our diplomas only upon individuals of outstanding capabilities and great talent. And we continue to spell Johns with an 's'."
[edit] Schools of Arts & Sciences and Engineering
Johns Hopkins offers undergraduate and graduate programs based at the Homewood campus, adjacent to Charles Village in northern Baltimore. The Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts & Sciences and the G.W.C. Whiting School of Engineering are two of the three schools based at Homewood, with the third being the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education (SPSBE).
Among the many strong departments and programs at Johns Hopkins are applied mathematics & statistics [2], art history [3], biology [4], biomedical engineering [5], biophysics [6], computer science [7], creative writing seminars [8] (ranked second-best in the nation by U.S. News), earth and planetary sciences [9], economics [10], English [11], film and media studies [12], geography and environmental engineering [13], German [14], history [15], the Humanities Center [16], international relations, Near Eastern studies [17], physics and astronomy [18], public policy, psychology (the first psychology lab in America was at Hopkins), political science (a term coined by a Hopkins professor) [19], the Romance languages [20] and sociology.
Notably, the French department was recognized as a "Center of Excellence" in the study of French culture and language by the government of France, one of only four in the United States. The Writing Seminars department, a program in creative writing, was ranked second-best in the nation by US News and World Report.
Johns Hopkins also offers undergraduate and graduate degrees at the Peabody Conservatory and the School of Nursing. Through collaborations with its graduate schools and international partners, undergraduate majors in areas such as public health or international studies can cross-register or apply for accelerated programs through the Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine or SAIS's Bologna Center in Italy and Sciences Po in Paris. This unique experience promotes research opportunities among undergraduates with leading researchers in their respective fields, a rarity among other graduate-focused research institutions. Finally, the university's rigorous academics and broad alumni base allow for easier transition to graduate school or integration into the workforce.
John Hopkins University also collaborates with the University of the Pacific and the MESA program to offer an Engineering course on the stockton Campus.
[edit] Professional schools
In addition to the graduate programs at the Homewood campus, Johns Hopkins has several internationally respected graduate professional schools:
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, is headquartered at the University's Medical Institutions campus in East Baltimore with Johns Hopkins Hospital.
- The Bloomberg School of Public Health, founded in 1916, is the first and largest public health school in the world.
- The School of Nursing, founded in 1889, is home to the nation's first Peace Corps Fellows Program in nursing.
- The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, based in Washington, DC, near Dupont Circle, is devoted to international studies, particularly international relations, diplomacy, and economics. (It is familiarly known as "SAIS", pronounced like the second syllable of precise). SAIS has full-time international campuses in Bologna, Italy and Nanjing, China. Founded in 1943, the School became a part of the University in 1950. SAIS was ranked in a recent survey as the nation's top master's degree program in international relations. [21].
- The Peabody Institute, founded in 1857, is the oldest continuously active music conservatory in the United States. Located in Baltimore's Mount Vernon neighborhood, it became a division of Johns Hopkins in 1977. The Conservatory retains its own student body and grants its own degrees in musicology, though both Hopkins and Peabody students may take courses at both institutions.
- Since 1909, the School of Professional Studies in Business and Education has been committed to serving the educational needs of working adults through flexible programming that allows serious students to complete degrees while maintaining careers. The school evolved from a teacher’s college within Johns Hopkins University to one of eight major schools in the university. Today the School of Professional Studies offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs in business, information technology, education, counseling, and public safety leadership.
The University also offers education abroad through centers in Germany, Singapore, and Italy. The University operates the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, which specializes in research for the U.S. Department of Defense, NASA and other Government agencies. The Space Telescope Science Institute is located on the Homewood campus and controls, analyzes, and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope. The recently opened Information Security Institute is the newest addition to the graduate programs affiliated with Johns Hopkins. The Institute is the "University's focal point for research and education in information security, assurance and privacy."
[edit] Homewood campus
The original main university campus was in downtown Baltimore City. However, this location did not permit room for growth and the trustees began to look for a place to move. Eventually, they would relocate to the estate of Charles Carroll of Carrollton and Homewood House, a wedding gift from Charles to his son Charles Jr.
The park-like main campus of Johns Hopkins, Homewood, is set on 140 acres (0.57 km²) in the northern part of Baltimore. The architecture was modeled after the Georgian inspired Federalist style of Homewood House. Most newer buildings resemble this style, being built of red brick with white marble trim, but lack the details. Homewood House was later used for administrative offices but now is preserved as a museum.
As a part of the donation, Hopkins was required to donate part of the land for art. As a result, the Baltimore Museum of Art, which is not part of the University, is situated next to the University's campus, just southeast of Shriver Hall.
[edit] Medical institutions campus
This urban campus is in the East Baltimore neighborhood and is home to the School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the School of Nursing. It comprises several city blocks spreading from the main site where the original Johns Hopkins Hospital building was founded (and still exists). The School of Medicine of the Johns Hopkins University is associated with clinical practice at Johns Hopkins Hospital.
[edit] Students
Johns Hopkins accepted 27 percent of 13,869 applicants for entrance into the fall 2006 freshman class. Undergraduate students matriculate from all 50 states and more than 50 countries. Within six years of graduation, 85 percent of Hopkins students earn graduate degrees, the highest percentage in the nation.
The number of applicants has increased by 156 percent from 2002, one of the largest increases in the U.S. In 2006 the pool of admitted students closely resembled that of 2005. The average SAT score remained constant at 1440, while average high school GPA has increased by only 0.02 points, to 3.85. <ref>Mitrano, Erica. "Class of '10 Follows Competitive Trend", The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, 2006-05-05. Retrieved on 2006-11-22.</ref>
Approximately ⅓ of male undergraduates and 1/10 of female undergraduates belong to the Greek system. Most of the fraternities maintain houses off campus; the sororities tend not to do so. As at many American universities, it is a widely believed rumor that the sororities are not permitted to have houses because of a Maryland state "Brothel Law" prohibiting the cohabitation of more than eight women. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter even reported the existence of such a law in 2001.<ref> Saxe, Lindsay. "A Strange Law Exists in Maryland", The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, 2001-09-14. Retrieved on 2006-11-22.</ref> Snopes.com reports that such laws do not exist.<ref> Mikkelson, Barbara (2003-10-07). House of the Writhing Son. Snopes.com. Retrieved on 2006-11-22.</ref>
[edit] Social life
On websites that collect student critiques, undergraduates often give the social life at Hopkins slightly lower than average grades compared to other highly selective universities.<ref>Students Review Johns Hopkins University</ref> However, opinions vary, according to one online student reviewer, "Hopkins does have a social life and it was easy to make friends and regardless of the night there are always students looking to party. I can't emphasize how much I enjoyed my time at Hopkins." <ref>Students Review Johns Hopkins University</ref>
Johns Hopkins has been long trying to improve its social image. It currently supports 11 fraternities and 4 sororities sponsored by the Inter-Fraternity Council and Panhellenic society, including the fraternities Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Chi, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Sigma Alpha Mu, Lambda Phi Epsilon, Beta Theta Pi, Alpha Delta Phi, Alpha Epsilon Pi, Phi Kappa Psi, Phi Gamma Delta, and Pi Kappa Alpha, and the sororities Alpha Phi, Kappa Alpha Theta, Kappa Kappa Gamma, and Phi Mu.
In addition, Charles Village, the region of North Baltimore surrounding the university, has undergone massive restoration projects, and the university has gradually bought the property around the school for additional student housing and dormitories. Most notable was the Charles Commons dormitory, opened in the Fall of 2006. Hopkins has also advertised the "Collegetown" atmosphere it shares with neighboring Loyola College, UMBC, Goucher College, and Towson University, as well as the proximity of downtown Baltimore's Inner Harbor.
Both Johns Hopkins and the Charles Village community have been striving to improve the neighborhood for students and community members. The Charles Village Project, scheduled for completion in 2008, will bring new commercial spaces to the neighborhood. The project includes Charles Commons, a new, modern residence hall that includes a Barnes & Noble and a Starbucks. <ref>Johns Hopkins Housing and Dining Services. Charles Commons. Retrieved on 2006-08-07.</ref>
Hopkins has also invested heavily in improving campus life for its students with creation of an arts complex, the Mattin Center [22]; and a three-story sports facility, the O'Connor Recreation Center [23]. The large on-campus dining facilities at Homewood were renovated in the summer of 2006.
[edit] Student publications
Hopkins has many publications that are produced entirely by students. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, founded in 1896, is the oldest continuously published college newspaper in the nation, and is published weekly.[24] The Hopkins Donkey is a political newspaper with a Democratic perspective on international, national and state-wide political topics. The Carrollton Record is a political newspaper with an American conservative perspective on campus and city-wide politics.[25] Zeniada and j.mag are literary magazines. Prometheus is the undergraduate philosophy journal.[26] Frame of Reference is an annual magazine that focuses on film and film culture [27]. The Diplomat is the multi-disciplinary international relations journal.
The Black & Blue Jay is among the nation's oldest humor magazines. It was founded in 1920.<ref>
“With the publication of the first of The Black and Blue Jay in November 1920“
Sean DiGiovanna; Wendell O'Brien & Charlene Mendoza. Records of The Black and Blue Jay/The Blue Jay. The Ferdinand Hamburger Archives, The Milton S. Eisenhower Library. Retrieved on 2006-08-07.</ref>
According to The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, it was the magazine's name which led the News-Letter to first use the moniker Blue Jays to refer to a Hopkins athletic team in 1923.<ref>Kwon, Yong (1997-09-25). Where did they get that darn Blue Jay?. The Johns Hopkins News-Letter. Retrieved on 2006-08-07.
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While the magazine enjoyed popularity among students, it received repeated opposition from the university administration, reportedly for its vulgar sense of humor. In October 1934, Dean Edward R. Berry removed financial support for the magazine; without funding, the magazine continued under the name The Blue Jay until Berry threatened to expel the editors in 1939. The magazine had a revival in 1984, and has published intermittently since then.
[edit] Library system
The Milton S. Eisenhower Library (called "MSE" by students), located on the Homewood campus, houses over 2.6 million volumes and over 20,000 journal subscriptions. The Eisenhower Library is a member of the university's Sheridan Libraries encompassing collections at the Albert D. Hutzler Reading Room in Gilman Hall, the John Work Garrett Library at Evergreen House, and the George Peabody Library at Mount Vernon Place. Together these collections provide the major research library resources for the University, serving Johns Hopkins academic programs worldwide.
The library was named for Milton S. Eisenhower, former president of the university and brother of former U.S. president Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Only two of the MSE library's six stories are above ground; the rest are beneath, though architects designed the building so that every level has windows and natural light. The design accords with a bit of traditional campus lore which says no structure on campus can be taller than Gilman Hall, the oldest academic building. There is no written rule regarding building height, however, and the library's design was chosen for architectural and aesthetic reasons when it was finally built in the 1960s.
An interesting fact about the MSE Library: After construction on the building was finished and all of the books put on the shelves, the building actually sank 6 inches into the ground.[citation needed]
[edit] Campus developments
Johns Hopkins University, working with Collegetown Development Alliance, a joint venture team comprised of Struever Brothers, Eccles & Rouse and Capstone Development recently teamed up to develop a mixed use project featuring student housing, a central dining facility and a major campus bookstore.
The site, called Charles Commons and completed in September 2006, is located at 33rd Street between Charles and St. Paul Streets. The approximate 350,000 sq. ft development includes housing for approximately 618 students, with supporting amenity spaces; a central dining facility and specialty dining area with seating capacity of approximately 330; an approximately 25,000 sq. ft. bookstore run by Barnes and Noble.
The Decker Quadrangle development comprehends the last large building site on the contiguous Homewood campus of The Johns Hopkins University, making it the most important project on campus since the development of the two original quadrangles. In this first phase, the project will include a visitors and admissions center, a computational sciences building, and an underground parking structure, creating a new quadrangle, south of Garland Hall, named in honor of Alonso G. and Virginia G. Decker. Importantly, the project will establish a new public entrance for the campus and recognize the potential for future growth of campus activities sited across Wyman Park Drive.
[edit] Athletics
Athletic teams at Johns Hopkins use the name The Blue Jays. The university's athletic colors are Columbia blue and black. (Sable and gold are used for academic robes.) Hopkins is the only university in the United States to celebrate Homecoming in the spring, to coincide with the height of the lacrosse season. Outside of the Men's and Women's Division I lacrosse teams, Hopkins participates in the NCAA's Division III and the Centennial Conference. The school's most prominent sports team is its Men's lacrosse team, which has won 43 national titles - 8 NCAA Division I (2005, 1987, 1985, 1984, 1980, 1979, 1978, 1974), 29 USILA, and 6 ILA titles. Hopkins' primary national lacrosse rivals are Princeton University, Syracuse University, and the University of Virginia; its primary intrastate rivals are Loyola College, Towson University, the United States Naval Academy, and the University of Maryland.
The Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame, governed by US Lacrosse, is located on the Homewood campus and is adjacent to Homewood Field. Hopkins also has a century-old rivalry with McDaniel College (formerly Western Maryland College), playing the Green Terrors 83 times in football since the first game in 1894.
[edit] Presidents of Johns Hopkins
- Daniel Coit Gilman, May 1875 - August 1901
- Ira Remsen, September 1901 - January 1913
- Frank Goodnow, October 1914 - June 1929
- Joseph Sweetman Ames, July 1929 - June 1935
- Isaiah Bowman, July 1935 - December 1948
- Detlev Bronk, January 1949 - August 1953
- Lowell Reed, September 1953 - June 1956
- Milton S. Eisenhower, July 1956 - June 1967
- Lincoln Gordon, July 1967 - March 1971
- Milton S. Eisenhower, March 1971 - January 1972
- Steven Muller, February 1972 - June 1990
- William C. Richardson, July 1990 - July 1995
- Daniel Nathans, June 1995 - August 1996
- William R. Brody, August 1996 - present
[edit] Notable alumni, professors, and staff
[edit] Affiliates
- The Johns Hopkins Institute for Policy Studies, located on the Homewood Campus, is a nationally renowned center for the study of public policy. The Institute forms partnerships with other programs at Johns Hopkins to offer concentrations, specializations, certificates, and dual degrees related to public policy
[edit] Johns Hopkins University in popular culture
[edit] In non-fiction
- The HBO film Something the Lord Made (2004), based on the true story of Alfred Blalock and Vivien Thomas (an unusual team for the time), depicts their work as pioneers of cardiac surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital.
[edit] In fiction
- In the television series Grey's Anatomy, the character Dr. Preston Burke is a graduate of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and was first in his class. Dr. Erica Hahn, the cardiac surgeon who performed Denny Duquette's heart transplant, graduated from Hopkins, ranking second only to Dr. Burke.
- In the movie The Prince and Me, the character Paige Morgan is accepted into the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
- In the television series The Simpsons', Dr. Julius Hibbert is a graduate from the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
- In the television series House, the character Dr. Foreman is a graduate of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and Dr. Gregory House studied there for a time.
- In the television series Nip/Tuck, Christian Troy and Sean McNamara are graduates of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
- In the season two finale of Nip/Tuck (2003), Troy and McNamara visit Johns Hopkins to find out more about Ava Moore.
- In the television series Judging Amy, the character Kyle McCarty had attended Johns Hopkins medical school before being expelled.
- In the Tom Clancy novels, Jack Ryan's wife, Cathy Ryan, is a doctor at the Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute. In real life, Clancy created the Tom Clancy Professorship at Wilmer on April 8, 2005.
- In the movie The Rock (1995), Dr. Stanley Goodspeed receives his M.A. and Ph.D from Johns Hopkins.
- In the science fiction movie The Island (2005), the retinal scans of Lincoln Six Echo are sent to Johns Hopkins for analysis.
- In the American television show Commander in Chief, President Allen asks about the results of a recent "John" Hopkins study in episode 18.
- In an episode of the science-fiction television series Stargate Atlantis, the character Dr. Beckett comments on an applicant to the Atlantis mission as being much more qualified in medicine than he. The applicant was from Johns Hopkins.
- In the movie "Outbreak" (1995), Major Salt, the character played by Cuba Gooding Jr., received his masters degree from Johns Hopkins University.
- In the movie "Getting In", a college graduate ends up sixth on the waiting list for the Johns Hopkins Medical School and attempts to persuade six people in front from attending.
For a number of other affiliated fictional characters, see List of Johns Hopkins University people#Fictional associations.
[edit] As a film location
- The upcoming Nicole Kidman film The Visiting (2006) was partly filmed in a laboratory in Mudd Hall on the Homewood campus.
- The film The Curve (1998) was filmed at the Homewood campus of the Johns Hopkins University.
- In the film Red Dragon (2002), a scene which takes place at The Brooklyn Museum of Art was filmed at the Baltimore Museum of Art, located on the Homewood campus.
[edit] Photographs
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[edit] References
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[edit] External links
- Johns Hopkins University Main Website
- The University’s nine divisions
- Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts & Sciences
- G.W.C. Whiting School of Engineering
- School of Professional Studies in Business and Education
- School of Medicine
- School of Nursing
- Bloomberg School of Public Health
- Peabody Institute
- Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies
- Applied Physics Laboratory (a non-academic division of the university)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine Website
- Johns Hopkins University Library Website
- Johns Hopkins Athletics Website
- The Johns Hopkins News-Letter Website
- Johns Hopkins Center for Talented Youth
- JhuWiki
- Educational Perspectives - The Center for Social Concern at Johns Hopkins University
- Student Reviews of Johns Hopkins
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- Street map from MapQuest or Google Maps
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image from TerraServer-USA
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